2022-04-21 ศัพท์ น่าสับสน - Set – G – gantlet -gauntlet – gamut


Revision G

2022-04-21

ศัพท์ น่าสับสน - Set – G – gantlet -gauntlet – gamut

แนะนำการใช้ ตามที่ส่วนใหญ่ใช้ แต่ละท้องถิ่น 

ความหมาย อาจผันแปร ตาม ตำแหน่ง/หน้าที่ ในประโยค

Ref.: http://www.gotoknow.org/posts/598367 and 683235

 

Dictionary.com

ออกเสียง “gantlet” = ‘GANT-lit’ or  “GAWNT-lit”

ออกเสียง “gauntlet” = ‘GAWNT-lit’ or GAHNT-lit”

ออกเสียง “gamut” = ‘GAM-uht’

 

Common Errors in English Usage Dictionary:

Gamut & gauntlet

To “run a gamut” is to go through 

the whole scale or spectrum of something. 

To “run the gauntlet” (also gantlet) is to run 

          between two lines of peoplewho are trying to beat you

 

And don’t confusegamut” with “gambit,” 

        = a play in chess, and by extension, 

        = a tricky maneuver of any kind.

 

 

Dictionary of Problem Words and Expression

gantlet -gauntlet – gamut 

One may run a gantlet (a former kind of military punishment). 

 

One may also run a gamut (a series of musical notes

                or the whole range of anything). 

 

But one may not run a gauntlet

                because it is a kind of glove.

 

“To take up a gauntlet” (“to accept a challenge”) 

and “to throw down the gauntlet” (to challenge to combat”) 

                   are correct but hackneyed expressions.

 

Abused, Confused, & Misused Words by Mary Embree

gantlet

           = a railroad track construction used in narrow places; 

           = an ordeal

Not to be confused with:

Gauntlet 

           = a glove; 

           = a challenge: 

                 take up the gauntlet

 

Common Errors in English Usage Dictionary

To “run a gamutis to go through 

                the whole scale or spectrum of something. 

To “run the gauntlet” (also gantlet) is to run 

                between two lines of people who are trying to beat you. 

 

And don’t confuse “gamut” with “gambit,” 

               = a play in chess, 

               = and by extension

               = a tricky maneuver of any kind.

 

Dictionary of Problem Words and Expression

gantlet -gauntlet – gamut 

One may run a gantlet 

                (a former kind of military punishment). 

One may also run a gamut 

                (a series of musical notes or the whole range of anything). 

 

But one may not run a gauntlet

               because it is a kind of glove.

“To take up a gauntlet” (“to accept a challenge”) and 

“to throw down the gauntlet” (to challenge to combat”) 

               are correct but hackneyed expressions.

 

Dictionary.com:

 

ORIGIN OF GAMUT

First recorded in 1425–75; late Middle English, from Medieval Latin; 

contraction of gamma ut, equivalent to gamma, 

used to represent the first or lowest tone (G) 

in the medieval scale + ut (later do ); 

the notes of the scale (ut, re, mi, fa, sol, la, si)

being named from a Latin hymn to St. John the Baptist: 

Utqueant laxis resonare fibris. 

Mira gestorum famuli tuorum, 

Solve polluti labii reatum, 

Sancte Iohannes

 

American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language:

Word History: gauntlet 

to throw down the gauntlet The two words spelled gauntlet 

may share associations with medieval violence,

but they have separate origins. 

The word gauntlet used in the idiom 

         to throw down the gauntlet 

         comes from the Old French word gantelet,

        a diminutive of gant, "glove." 

(The idiom makes reference to the medieval custom of 

 throwing down a glove in challenging an adversary to combat.)

 

The gauntlet used in to run the gauntlet 

       is an alteration of the earlier English form gantlope,

       which came from the Swedish word gatlopp, 

       a compound of gata, "lane," and lopp, "course,"

       a word related to lope and leap. 

 

The Swedish word for this traditional form of punishment

      in which two lines of people beat a person forced to run between them,

       probably became known to English speakers 

       as a result of the Thirty Years' War. 

Sweden played a leading role in the coalition of Protestant countries 

that fought against Spain and the Holy Roman Empire, 

and at the end of the war, in 1648, 

the Swedish empire emerged as a great power of Europe

 

It was during this period of expanding Swedish influence 

that gatlopp entered English. 

 

It seems, however, that from the moment English speakers 

borrowed the word, 

they inserted an n into the pronunciation of gatloppin the earliest known attestation of the word in English, dating from 1646, 

it is spelled gantelope. 

 

The English word was then influenced 

by the spelling of the other gauntlet, 

"a protective glove," 

eventually leading to the identical spellings used today.

 

Merriam-Webster Dictionary:

Gauntlet

Some concerned citizens appeared to find fault 

with a headline briefly found on a CNN story 

which used gantlet rather than gauntlet.

 

There is considerable range of opinion 

         regarding where and when to use gantlet and gauntlet

but most current usage guides prefer gantlet 

as something that is run. 

 

Gantlet and gauntlet are synonymous in a number of senses, 

and the one referenced here (used with run) is “a severe trial, an ordeal.” 

 

Both of these variants originally were used 

to describe a form of punishment, 

defined as “a double file of men facing each other 

and armed with clubs or other weapons with which 

to strike at an individual who is made to run between them.” 

 

This original sense of gantlet and gauntlet 

comes from the earlier word gantelope 

(a word we are not making up). 

 

People have been running the gantelope/gantlet/gauntlet 

since the middle of the 17th century.

 

In case you were not yet confused enough, 

gauntlet has another, etymologically distinct

use (“a glove worn with medieval armor to protect the hand”), 

which is often found in the phrase throw down the gauntlet 

(“to issue a challenge”). 

 

Gantlet is a variant spelling of this second gauntlet

and there is considerable written evidence 

of someone or other throwing down the gantlet; 

some usage guides disapprove of this use, 

and recommend restricting 

gantlet to a thing one runs 

and gauntlet to a thing one throws

 

None of these variants should be confused with gamut, 

which likewise is often found 

in the company of run; 

to run the gamut means to range all the way.”

 

Merriam-Webster Dictionary:

History and Etymology for gamut

Middle English gamut, gamma-ut 

"lowest note in the medieval hexachord system, 

the system itself," borrowed from Medieval Latin, 

from gamma GAMMA entry 1 

(used as a symbol for the lowest note in the scale) + ut UT

 

 

Merriam-Webster Dictionary

Usage Notes

'Gamut' and 'Gambit' (and 'Gauntlet' Too)

Know when to use (or run) each.

 

Here's a pair of words: gambit and gamut

Though spelled differently enough, 

their pronunciation is almost identical 

because of the schwa vowel sound in the second syllable of both:

 

It's perhaps for this reason that 

the less common word—gambit

sometimes is used where the context in fact calls for gamut.

 

Did you put gambit in for the first one and gamut in for the second

Well done. 

Now we'll look at why each goes where it does.

 

As discussed

gambit is the less common of this pair. 

It's most often used to refer to something done or said 

in order to gain an advantage or to produce a desired result, 

as when Harry did his little dance for his friend. 

Gambit often appears in the phrase "opening gambit," 

where it means "first move." 

 

The original opening gambit is a chess move

—a player's first in a game

—in which a bishop's pawn is

sacrificed to gain some advantage. 

 

Later, the word came to refer to other chess openings as well.

The word gamut is most often used to mean 

"an entire range or series,"

as in the sentence about the wide range of Harrys' dancing skills. 

 

That's the word's metaphorical use

Gamut originally referred (and still does refer, for those in the know) 

to the whole series of recognized musical notes.

 

Even that meaning, though,

constitutes a straying from the word's roots: 

gamut comes from a Middle English word

for the lowest note on the musical scale 

developed by an 11th century musical theorist.

 

We most often see gambit 

misused for gamut in the phrase "run the ____." 

 

To remember that 

it's run the gamut perhaps consider the "u" in both run and gamut.

 

The phrase "run the ____" is 

frequently completed with another g-word

but to communicate an entirely different meaning

If you "run the gauntlet" you endure a trial or ordeal. 

 

Here's an example:

Once the media understood the extent of Harry's dancing abilities, 

he and Mabel couldn't leave the house 

without running the gauntlet of paparazzi.

This gauntlet (and there is another) 

originally referred to a trial of a particularly awful variety. 

 

It was a military punishment in which 

a prisoner was made to pass between two rows of men 

armed with (and using) clubs or other weapons. 

 

The original name of the punishment in English was gantlope

from the Swedish gatlopp 

(from gata, meaning "road," and lop, meaning "course"). 

 

Gantlope was a bit funny-sounding to the English ear, though, 

and through a process called "folk etymology" 

gantlope morphed into the already-familiar gauntlet

 

(Note that gantlet is a centuries-old spelling variant of gauntlet

You can use "run the gantlet" if you like, 

but it is significantly less common.)

 

By the time gantlope had become gauntlet

the earlier sense of gauntlet had been part of the language 

for about 200 years. 

 

It referred first to a protective glove worn with medieval armor, 

and then to other kinds of protective gloves, 

and eventually to gloves worn for dressy occasions. 

 

(It comes from the Middle French word gantelet

a diminutive of gant, "glove.") 

 

Medieval custom took those protective gloves pretty seriously

to "throw down the gauntlet" was to issue a challenge; 

to "pick up the gauntlet" was to accept one.

 

Those phrases (which can very occasionally be found 

with the gantlet spelling as well) are used metaphorically still:

 

Here concludes the story of gambitgamut, and gauntlet

 

Now go forth, and be inspired by Mabel and Harry: 

in a gambit to interest your readers, 

pick up the gauntlet and show the full gamut of your lexical skills. 

 

Use these words well. And if you can do it while dancing, better yet.

 

Merriam-Webster Dictionary:

Choose the Right Synonym for gamut

Range, Gamut, Compass, Sweep. Scope, Orbit 

mean the extent that lies within the powers of something 

(as to cover or control).

Range is a general term indicating the extent of one's perception 

or the extent of powers, capacities, or possibilities.  

the entire range of human experience

Gamut suggests a graduated series running from 

one possible extreme to another.  

a performance that ran the gamut of emotions

Compass implies a sometimes limited extent of perception, 

knowledge, or activity.  

your concerns lie beyond the narrow compass of this study

Sweep suggests extent, often circular 

or arc-shaped, of motion or activity.  

the book covers the entire sweep of criminal activity

Scope is applicable to an area of activity, predetermined 

and limited, but somewhat flexible.  

as time went on, the scope of the investigation widened

Orbit suggests an often circumscribed range of activity 

or influence within which forces work toward accommodation.  

within that restricted orbit they tried to effect social change 

 

Merriam-Webster Dictionary:

Did you know?

To get the lowdown on gamut, 

we have to dive to the bottom of a musical scale 

to which the 11th-century musician and monk Guido 

of Arezzo applied his particular system of solmization

—that is, of using syllables to denote the tones of a musical scale. 

Guido called the first line of his bass staff gamma 

and the first note in his scale ut, 

which meant that gamma ut was 

the term for a note written on the first staff line. 

 

In time, gamma ut underwent a shortening to gamut 

but climbed the scale of meaning. 

It expanded to cover all the notes of Guido's scale, 

then to cover all the notes in the range of an instrument, 

and, eventually, to cover an entire range of any sort.

 

Merriam-Webster Dictionary:

Words at Play Last Updated: 13 Mar 2022

Gamut

Music-related meaning : 

the whole series of recognized musical notes

While the word gamut is most often used to mean 

"an entire range or series," that use is metaphorical

 

the word's original meaning was literal and musical

It referred (and still refers) to the full range of musical pitches 

in a system of music. 

 

Even that meaning, though, 

constitutes a straying from the word's roots: 

gamut comes from a Middle English word 

for the lowest note on the musical scale 

developed by an 11th century musical theorist.

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