2021-05-20
ศัพท์ น่าสับสน ชุด – B – bank & bank on
แนะนำการใช้ ตามที่ส่วนใหญ่ใช้ แต่ละท้องถิ่น
ความหมาย อาจผันแปร ตาม ตำแหน่ง/หน้าที่ ในประโยค
Dictionary.com
ออกเสียง bank on = ‘BANGK-on’
Dictionary.com
VOCAB BUILDER
What is a basic definition of bank?
The word bank is used as a noun to refer
to a place where people deposit money
or to a long mound or slope, like a riverbank.
Bank is also used as a verb
meaning to bounce off of something.
The word bank isvery common and
has several other senses, asboth a noun and a verb.
A bank is an institution that allows people to deposit money
into an account (called a bank account) for safekeeping.
Banks often offer many other money-related services
such as: lending money,
sending money to other people,
exchanging large bills for smaller bills,
and providing credit cards.
Physical buildings wherethese services
are offered are called banks,
and the companies that own and operate
these institutions are also called banks.
This kind of business is called banking,
and a person who works in this business is called a banker.
- Real-life examples:
In the United States,
major banks includeBank of America, JPMorgan Chase, Wells Fargo, and Citibank.
Examples of banks based in other countries
include HSBC, Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group, and Bank of China.
- Used in a sentence:
I need to stop at the bank to get some money from my checking account.
The noun bank is also used to refer to a long mound or slope.
- Real-life examples:
A riverbank isone of the two slopes bordering a river
—the land that contains the river on each side.
A snowbank isa big pile of snow that can pile up naturally
or can be created by a shovel or snowplow.
- Used in a sentence: Be careful when you walk along the banks of the river—it’s very muddy and slippery.
As a verb, bank means to bounce or ricochet off of something, such as after falling or being thrown. This can happen with or without someone doing the banking. In basketball, a bank shot is a shot that the player banks off of the backboard instead of shooting the ball directly into the hoop.
- Used in a sentence:
- Sarah banked the crumpled ball of paper off the cabinet and into the trash can.
- The acorn fell off the tree and banked off of my windshield.
Bank is also used in the phrase bank on,
which means toexpect, depend on,
or count on something tohappen or someone to do something.
- Used in a sentence:
You can always bank on Joe to help when no one else will.
Where does bank come from?
The first records of bank come from the late 1100s.
The sense that refers to a mound or slope
comes from the Old Norse bakki, which means “hill”
and is related to similar Scandinavian words,
such as the Swedish backe, the Danish bakke,
and the Germanic bank-ōn.
The first records of bank
referring to a place where money is kept come from the 1400s.
This sense comes from the Italian banca,
meaning a “moneychanger’s table.”
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Bank on
Did You Know?
The literal meaning ofItalian banca was “bench,”
but the word was also used for the benchlike counter
at which an early money changer transacted business,
and later to describe the money changer’s shop itself—the bank.
When the banking trade spread from Italy to France,
and then to England,
the Italian word went with it and became our English bank.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Words We're Watching: 'Unbanked' and 'Underbanked'
Follow the money.
A lot of people banksomewhere.
Those who don't are "unbanked," and
those who mostly don’t are "underbanked":
According to FDIC research,
nearly 16 million American adults are unbanked;
an additional 24.5 million areunderbanked,
reliant on services such as payday loans, cash advances
and other "alternative" products.
These men and women arelargely reliant on cash.
— Mikki Kendall, The Los Angeles Times, 2 Jan. 2018
Through Tigo Money,
a service of ours that allows people
to manage funds through mobile devices in Latin America,
we are encouraging entrepreneurship
by allowing businesses and individuals
to accept online payments from unbanked customers.
— Rachel Samrén, The Miami Herald, 4 Oct. 2017
Our preliminary research dates unbanked
to the late 1970s British banking industry,
but it seems to have moved quickly
into the lexicon of its American counterpart.
In the earliest US examples
it's areas that are described as "unbanked" rather than people:
Under statewide banking provisions of the bill,
banks are limited toestablishing three branches in the five-year period.
However, two additional branches can be built in an "unbanked area,"
as long as the branches are within 50 miles of the main office.
An unbanked area is one
where no bank is located within 10 miles of the proposed site.
— The American Banker, 2 Feb. 1982
Underbanked appears to date to about the same time,
and also, originally wasa geographical descriptor:
Although not all Florida bankers may agree,
we believe that Florida has been significantly "underbanked"
in terms of banking offices per capita.
Nationally,
there was one banking office for each 4,688 people as of June 30, 1977.
In California, the average was one office for each 5,562 people.
In contrast,
the Florida average as of that date was one office for each 7,990 people.
— Joel R. Wells, Jr., The American Banker, 13 Aug. 1979
Both words most often describe individuals or populations,
and this is how the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation uses them.
The FDIC has taken a survey every two years since 2009
called "National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households."
The survey, which is done in partnership with
the U.S. Census Bureau,
"measures the share of households that are unbanked,
meaning no one in the household has a bank account.
It also measures how many households are underbanked,
meaning they have a bank account
but look outside the banking system
to meet transaction or credit needs,"
according to a 2016 FDIC press release.
The lexical logic ofboth unbanked and underbanked
is that banking somewhere
(that is bank defined as "to deposit money or have an account in a bank")
makes you banked.
We don't often seethe word banked used that way, but it does occur:
[St. Louis Treasurer Tishaura O. Jones]
said the task force has documented 1,600 newly banked people
in St. Louis, with a 96 percent retention rate.
— Chris King, The St. Louis American, March 2014>
This word too was originallyused to describe places rather than people:
K. Donald Menefee,
who today was elected new president of the bankers
at the conclusion of their 59th annual convention here,
said in an interview that area-wide banking is necessary
if local financial institutions are to experience real growth in the future.
The city itself is"pretty well banked" with more than 15 commercial banks, a similar number of savings and loan associations and dozens of credit union offices.
—William H. Jones, The Washington Post, 19 June 1977
Right now, neither unbanked or underbanked isquite common enough for entry, but we're keeping them in a safe place for possible use later.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Words We're Watching
Words We're Watching: 'Textbanking'
Can we count on you to read this article?
What to Know
As phonebanking is the act
of gathering people to make calls on behalf ofa cause,
such as a political campaign or a donation drive,
textbanking isthe more modern equivalent,
where a group collectively sends out texts
tomany recipients rather than call many individuals on the phone.
In past years, inthe run-up to Election Day,
you might have spent time volunteering at a phone bank,
calling people to encourage them to get out and vote.
If you haven't,
then you might have received a call from such a volunteer yourself.
Usage of 'Phonebank'
The bank in phone bank isdefined in the dictionary
at the third homograph entry for bank:
"a group or series of objects arranged together in a row or a tier
… such as: a row or tier of telephones."
The notioncomes from workers in call centers sitting side by side,
the telephones (back in the days of landlines) spaced out along a table,
like you might remember (if you're old enough)
from watching telethons in the 1980s.
By the mid-1990s,
phonebank had emerged as a logical verb
for calling or receiving calls from a phone bank:
"They could have poured money into the Morales candidacy.
They could have come through with voter registration efforts,
with mail-outs, with phonebanking, with all the nitty-gritty work
that goes into insuring a strong, across-the-board Democratic turnout."
— Linda Camarillo, quoted by Lori Rodriguez, The Houston Chronicle, 7 Nov. 1996
(A different kind of phonebanking
—as in using financial services over the telephone
—was already seeing occasional use by then.)
With newer technologies in place,
strategies for getting out the vote have changed,
and so, a new word has surfaced in the language:
But Covid-19 has supercharged texting as a campaign weapon,
turning virtual text-banking
— where volunteers coordinate their messages
and share tips while sitting comfortably at home
— into this year’s equivalent of knocking on doors or stuffing envelopes.
— David Ingram, NBCNews.com, 29 Oct. 2020
So, you’ve already voted, and taken your selfie at the ballot drop box,
and maybe you’ve even text-banked
and written letters to voters in swing states,
and you’re still on pins and needles about the upcoming Election Day
—what’s a politics junkie to do?
— Julia Silverman, Portland Monthly, 24 Oct. 2020
'Textbanking' Usage
Textbanking isthe act of sending text messages
to a large number of recipients to spread a message.
Unlike with phonebanking,
which alludes to a line of telephones in a row,
there really is nosuch thing as a physical text bank.
With cell phones and mass-text software, of course,
people who are texting others in large quantities
don't needto sit together in the same place,
so, the "bank" part of the word doesn'treally apply anymore.
Nevertheless, the noun phrase text bank
is seeing use for texting parties
—that is, parties where people get together to text others
(such as to request donations):
Eleni Kounalakis, a Democrat running for lieutenant governor in California, is sitting on a couch in San Francisco,
introducing herself to about one voter per second.
Stylus in hand, she’s hosting a “text bank”
with volunteers and using an app called Hustle to rapid-fire her platform
— along with appeals for support — straight to voters’ cellphones.
— Katy Steinmetz, Time, 24 Oct. 2018
Eight months pregnant with her first child — a little girl
— Amanda Padilla imagined a world
where the rights she enjoys as a woman could be rolled back
without Ruth Bader Ginsburg as a bulwark against conservative members of the U.S. Supreme Court.
So she got active,
signing up for phone and text banks
to reach out to other women from her suburban Bloomington home.
— Briana Bierschbach, The Star Tribune (Minneapolis), 25 Sept. 2020
Collins COBUILD English Usage
1. 'bank'
The bank of a river or lake is the ground at its edge.
There are new developments along both banks of the Thames.
She left her shoes on the bank and dived into the lake.
A bank is also a place where you can keep your money in an account.
You should ask your bank for a loan.
2. 'bench' and 'seat'
Don't call a long, narrow seat in a park or garden a 'bank'.
You call it a bench or a seat.
Greg sat on the bench and waited.
She sat on a seat in the park and read her magazine.
Dictionary of Problem Words in English
bank on
This trite expression is overused to mean
“to depend on,”
“to count on”:
“You can bank on his giving you bad advice.”
In this sense the phrase departs from its original meaning
of making bank ingambling games.
The literal meaning of bank on is not “to rely on”
but “to be absolutely certain of”:
“You can bank on this, a gamble that you cannot lose.”
