2020-11-13
ศัพท์ น่าสับสน ชุด N – new
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ความหมาย อาจยืดหยุ่น ขึ้นอยู่กับ ตำแหน่ง/หน้าที่ ในประโยค
Dictionary.com
ออกเสียง new = ‘NYOO’
Dictionary.com
SYNONYM STUDY FOR NEW
New, fresh, novel
describe things that have not existed
or have not been known or seen before.
New refers to something recently made, grown, or built, or recently found, invented, or discovered: a new car; new techniques.
Fresh refers to something that has retained its original properties, or has not been affected by use or the passage of time: fresh strawberries; fresh ideas.
Novel refers to something new that has an unexpected, strange, or striking quality, generally pleasing: a novel experience.
Dictionary.com
PRONUNCIATION NOTE FOR NEW
Following the alveolar consonants [t], [d], and [n],
two main types of pronunciation occur for the “long” vowel
represented by the spellings u, ue, discontinuous u...e, and ew,
as in student, due, nude, and new.
In the North and North Midland U.S.
[oo] immediately follows the alveolar consonant:
[stood-nt], [doo], [nood], and [noo].
In the South Midland and Southern U.S., pronunciations of the type
[styood-nt], [dyoo], [nyood], and [nyoo] predominate.
Both these types are traceable to England,
as well as some less common ones,
for example, those in which the high front vowel [i] substitutes for the [y].
A belief that
the [yoo] pronunciations are more prestigious sometimes leads to hypercorrection,
the insertion of the y sound where historically it does not belong,
leading to such pronunciations as [nyoon] for noon.
Currently in the United States,
a [y] following [s], [z], [th], and [l],
as in sue [syoo], resume [ri-zyoom],
enthusiasm [en-thyoo-see-az-uhm],
and illusion [ih-lyoo-zhuhn], is used by some speakers,
but is considered affected by others.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Choose the Right Synonym for new
Adjective
mean having recently come into existence or use.
NEW may apply to what is freshly made and unused new brick or has not been known before new designs or not experienced before. starts the new job
NOVEL applies to what is not only new but strange or unprecedented. a novel approach to the problem
ORIGINAL applies to what is the first of its kind to exist. a man without one original idea
FRESH applies to what has not lost its qualities of newness such as liveliness, energy, brightness. a fresh start
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Word History
The History of 'Bran(d)-new'
'Spanking' and 'fire' are involved
Brand-new has been used to describe completely new and unused things since the late 16th century.
Brand in the word goes back to Old English and referred to a piece of burning wood.
Fire-new is another 16th-century word whose meaning is similar to brand-new; it was used several times by William Shakespeare, among others.
Your fire-new stamp of honour is scarce current.
— William Shakespeare, Richard III, 1592
… some excellent jests, fire-new from the mint….
— William Shakespeare, Twelfth Night, 1601
Brand-new' goes back to the 16th century, as does 'fire-new'.
Both words referred to the newness of an object fresh from the fire, forge, or furnace.
The newness implied by brand-new and fire-new was originally from something being fresh from the fire, forge, or furnace.
Today, things that are brand-new are regarded as fresh from the manufacturer.
You may be familiar with the variant bran-new and the synonym span-new. Bran-new was developed in the 17th century, probably because it more accuratelyreflects the common pronunciation of brand-new
—much like how minced meat was eventually altered to mincemeat.
The variant has been preserved in literary works—Charles Dickens, Washington Irving, and Mark Twain employed the word—but it is seen infrequently in contemporary sources.
So, the happy schoolmaster put on a bran-new pair of gloves which he had carried in a little parcel in his pocket all the way….
— Charles Dickens, The Old Curiosity Shop, 1841
… his attention was happily called away by the candle-grease from the chandelier … dropping on his clothes. This he loudly complained of, and declared his coat was bran-new.
— Washington Irving, Spanish Papers and Other Miscellanies, Hitherto Unpublished or Uncollected, 1866
We got an old tin lantern, and a butcher-knife without any handle, and a bran-new Barlow knife worth two bits in any store….
— Mark Twain, Huckleberry Finn, 1884
L. Frank Baum also used the variant in reference to the Scarecrow's brains in The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, which makes one stop to think for a second about whether or not the Scarecrow ever got brains from the Wizard or just new cereal bran stuffing.
Hereafter you will be a great man, for I have given you a lot of bran-new brains.
The synonym span-new goes back to at least the 14th century and is from Old Norse spānn, meaning "chip of wood." Span-new probably developed from the idea of something being as fresh as a newly cut chip. (It is also the source of span in spick-and-span.)
… he forthwith took down from the wall a span-new little saddle….
— William Howitt, The Boy's Country Book, 1840
Playful combinations of bran-new and span-new can be found in dialectal English—for example, bran-span and bran span new.
The black station wagon was last year's version of this year's, and I couldn't have told them apart, except that they were both obviously bran-span new.
— Madeleine L' Engle, A Ring of Endless Light, 1980
The Dictionary of American Regional English also documents similar formations with bran-new and fire-new: bran(d)-fire-new and bran(d)-fired-new.
Another word that brand-new has been joined with over time is spanking. Spanking mysteriously appears in the English language around the mid-17th century. It precedes the verb spank by almost 50 years. Initially, the word was used as an adjective to describe things that are remarkable or exceptional in some way.
A table ... Whereon she plac'd a spanking dish.
— Thomas Bridges, Homer Travestie, 1767
In time, the word developed adverbial use, which is often found in the phrase spanking new.
Some New Yorkers long to live in spanking new apartment buildings….
— Nicholas Blanford, The Christian Science Monitor, 23 Aug. 2009
It is from that phrase that we have the expression brand spanking new.
Guinness Book of World Records has come out with its brand-new, brand spanking new book.
— Hoda Kotb, speaking on NBC Today, 18 Nov. 2010
Before extinguishing this word history of brand-new, a few more words must be said of its prominent base.
The noun brand can refer to a mark made by burning with a hot iron.
That sense is only slightly older than brand-new.
It first occurs in the mid-16th century and came to refer to an identifying mark burned into the skin of criminals generally to indicate the nature of their crime.
The routine branding of cattle or horses originated in the United States a century later, but it should be noted that the practice of branding property in general to designate ownership is older.
In 18th-century trade, brand came to be used for a unique mark impressed on goods to indicate origin or ownership.
These brands were commonly burnt on casks of wine and on wooden or metal goods.
A century later, the word developed the familiarsense referring to a class of goods identified by name as being the product of a particular maker,
as in "What brand are those jean?" or "I'm trying a different brand of soap." In the early 1900s, the term brand name comes into play, followed by name brand.
American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language,
new′ness n.
Synonyms: new, fresh, novel2, original
These adjectives describe what has existed for only a short time,
has only lately come into use, or has only recently arrived at a state or position, as of prominence.
New is the most general: a new movie; a new friend; a new opportunity.
Something fresh has qualities of newness such as briskness, brightness, or purity: fresh footprints in the snow; fresh hope of discovering a vaccine.
Novel applies to the new and strikingly unusual: "His sermons were considered bold in thought and novel in language" (Edith Wharton).
Something that is original is novel and the first of its kind: "The science of pure mathematics, in its modern development, may claim to be the most original creation of the human spirit" (Alfred North Whitehead).
Random House Kernerman Webster's College Dictionary
new′ness, n.
describe things that have not existed or have not been known or seen before.
new refers to something recently made, grown, or built, or recently found, invented, or discovered: a new car; new techniques.
fresh refers to something that has retained its original properties, or has not been affected by use or the passage of time: fresh strawberries; fresh ideas.
novel refers to something new that has an unexpected, strange, or striking quality, generally pleasing: a novel experience.
