Abstract:- The objective of this research were to investigate Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and to study the influence of Knowledge Management (KM) on the core competencies of supervisors in the electricity generation process. The paper focuses in particular on the relationship between the KM process and the core competencies of supervisors. The paper is based on personal interviews. Data was collected from 635 supervisors involved in operation and maintenance of power plants utilizing a case study done in Thailand. A framework of the SEM of KM influencing the core competencies of supervisors was developed from a detailed literature review in an attempt to define the relationship between the KM process and the core competencies of supervisors in the electricity generation process. The applicability and validity of the framework were verified by quantitative research methods. Findings -The paper finds that hypotheses were tested using the SEM. Test of hypotheses revealed that the KM process positively and significantly influenced the core competencies of supervisors in the electricity generation process. These findings tend to corroborate our conceptual model and are also in line with the existing literature. The KM process was found to significantly affect the core competencies of supervisors, indicating the importance of the context and background of the KM process performing together in cases that affect the core competency. Originality/value -This paper enhances understanding of the influence of the KM process on the core competencies of supervisors.