Graphs &Trends
Graphs
A graph shows the relationship between two quantities in a way that is easily understood. It is important that graphs should be plotted accurately and the data presented be easily interpreted.
Graphs are used to
- Communicate information to other people.
- Identify trends in different variables (การชี้แจง/ตีความ)
- Identify how one factor affects another (ความสัมพันธ์)
- Help understand what the data represents (วิเคราะห์ข้อมูล)
สิ่งสำคัญที่เป็นตัวกำหนดการเปลี่ยนแปลงของกราฟ ขึ้นอยู่กับ
- Independent variable หรือ โตแปลอิสระ is the factor that is specifically varied in and
experiment. It usually changes in a regular manner, for example time or temperature. This factor is plotted along the horizontal (x) axis of the graph
- Dependent variable หรือ โตแปลตาม is the response observed when the independent variable is altered. Such values 'fluctuate' during an experiment, for example rate or frequency. This factor is plotted along the vertical (y) axis of the graph.
Example
Type of Graphs
- Line graph
- Colum graph or bar graph
3. Histograms
Line graph Interpretation
A trend on a line graph suggests more than just a connection between the two variables. It also implies that manipulation of one variable caused a change in the other variable.
Trends can be described more fully by adding words and phrases such as:
|
gradually |
smoothly |
fluctuated |
erratically |
|
slowly |
reached a peak |
regularly |
became constant |
|
unevenly |
leveled off |
rapidly |
steadily |
