2022-01-10
ศัพท์ น่าสับสน - Set - C – case
แนะนำการใช้ ตามที่ส่วนใหญ่ใช้ แต่ละท้องถิ่น
ความหมาย อาจผันแปร ตาม ตำแหน่ง/หน้าที่ ในประโยค
Dictionary.com
ออกเสียง case = “KEYS”
Dictionary of Problem Words and Expressions:
Case
In origin, case really is two different words,
one derived from a form meaning “receptacle” or “container,”
the other meaning “instance” or “example.”
In both senses, the word has been abused and overused.
Case is slang in such expressions as
“casethe joint” (”to examine the place or premises”) and
“Jack’s a case” (“Jack is an eccentric or peculiarperson”).
The phrase “the case of” is nearly always verbiage
and adds nothing to any statement:
omit it in both speaking and writing.
Dictionary.com:
IDIOMS ABOUT CASE
get / be on someone's case,
Slang.
“to bother or nag someone; meddle in someone's affairs:
Her brother is always on her case about getting married.
Why do you keep getting on my case?
get off someone's case,
Slang.
to stop bothering or criticizing someone
or interfering in someone's affairs:
I've had enough of your advice, so just get off my case.
Dictionary.com:
SYNONYM STUDY FOR CASE
Case, instance, example, illustration
suggest the existence or occurrence of a particular thing
representative of its type.
Case and instance are closely allied in meaning,
as are example and illustration.
Case is a general word, meaninga fact, occurrence, or situation
typical of a class:
a case of assault and battery.
An instance is a concrete factual case
which is adduced to explain a general idea:
an instance of a brawl in which an assault occurred.
An example is one typical case,
usually from many similar ones, used to make clear
or explain the working of a principle
(what may be expected of any others of the group):
This boy is an example of the effect of strict discipline.
An illustration exemplifies a theory orprinciple similarly,
except that the choice may be purely hypothetical:
The work of Seeing Eye dogs is an illustration of what is thought to
be intelligence in animals.
Dictionary.com:
MORE ABOUT CASE
What is a basic definition of case?
A case is an instance or exampleof something,
a container for storing something,
or a matter that is being investigated
by law enforcement or official agents.
Case has many other senses as a noun and a verb.
A case is something you can point to as an example of something.
This sense of case is often used in reference to illness,
such as a patient having a bad case of malaria.
Real-life examples:
If you go out in a thunderstorm withan umbrella and a raincoat,
that would be a case of good judgement.
The stone Sphinx in Egypt is
a case of the amazing building powers of the ancient Egyptians.
Used in a sentence:
I had a minor case of food poisoning yesterday.
A case is also a box or container
that is used to keep something safe.
It is usually small and is often designed specifically for a particular item.
Sometimes, another term is used with case to describe
exactly what is supposed to be stored in the case, as in knife case.
Real-life examples:
Guitars are often stored in guitar cases.
Many people keep their eyeglasses in a glasses case.
Smokers might have a cigarette case.
Used in a sentence:
He tried to break into the jewelry case.
Lastly, a case is a matter or investigation
that law enforcement or other officials are pursuing or working on.
Detectives and other investigators are likely to be assigned
or take on cases that they must research and try to find details about.
Real-life examples:
Police detectives often get assigned murder cases, burglary cases, kidnapping cases,
and many other cases that require investigation.
The famous fictional detective Sherlock Holmes
pursued many interesting cases that required his amazing deductive skills.
Used in a sentence:
The detective gathered clues while investigating the arson case.
Where does case come from?
The first records of case come from before the 1150s.
The sense of case meaning “an instance”
ultimately comes from the Latin cāsus,
meaning “a befalling” or “an occurrence.”
The sense of case meaning “a container”
ultimately comes from the Latin capsa,
meaning “a receptacle for books.”
Dictionary.com:
THE NEW DICTIONARY OF CULTURAL LITERACY, THIRD EDITION
A grammatical category indicating
Whether nouns and pronouns are functioning
as the subject of a sentence (nominative case) or
the object of a sentence objective case,
or are indicating possession (possessivecase).
He is in the nominative case, him is in the objective case,
and his is in the possessive case.
In a language such as English, nouns do not change their form
in the nominative or objectivecase.
Only pronouns do.
Thus, ball stays the same in both “the ball is thrown,”
where it is the subject,
and in “Harry threw the ball,”
where it is the object.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary:
Usage Notes
The Fossil Encased in "Case In Point"
"In point" only lives on in this phrase.
Given that
case can refer to something that serves as an example
and point commonly refers to an idea that you try
to make other people accept or understand,
one could argue that "case and point" is an acceptable phrase
that suggests you have provided an example to prove an assertion.
However,
the correct phrase, attested by centuries of use,
is “case in point.”
The idiom "case in point" dates to the 1600s
and refers to an instance or example that supports,
or is relevant or pertinent to, what is being discussed.
Perhaps unsurprisingly, the phrase began as a legal term
to refer to a judicial precedent to be followed by a judge
when deciding a later similar case.
"In point" likely originated from Anglo-Norman en point
and French en bon point,
and it was often used with modifying words
specifying a type of condition, state, or situation
—for example,
a person might be "in good point" or "in a better point."
(Such constructions were in keeping with the roots of point:
French en bon point means "in good condition.")
Ballet dancers will know en pointe
to be a term used to describe a position
in which the body is balanced on the tips of the toes.
That French phrase was anglicized as "on point" in the 20th century.
Another 20th-century sense of "on point"
refers to something relevant to the matter at hand.
That sense was originally used in legal contexts
but, today, is more often encountered as a general term of approval.
Use of "on point"
in law developed from the earlier use of "in point"
to describe things being appropriate or pertinent to a situation
(as in "the Bible quotation was in point to the topic being discussed").
"In point" is occasionally summoned
as a synonym of "on point" in its legal sense,
but it is chiefly found in the phrase "case in point."
Hence, we can consider "in point" to be a fossil
preserved mainly in this one set phrase.
With that in mind, remember to use "in point"
when writing or speaking of a "case in point"
to help ensure that it stays encased in its English language
amber a while longer.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary:
Case noun
Legal Definition of case
a: a civil or criminal suit or action the judicial power
shall extend to all cases,
in law and equity, arising under this Constitution
— U.S. Constitution art. III
— see also CONTROVERSY, SMALL TAX CASE
— case at bar
: a case being considered by the court
the facts of the case at bar
— case of first impression
: a case that presents an issue or question
never before decidedor considered by the court
— companion case
: a case that is heard with another case
because it involvessimilar or related questions of law
— test case
a representative case whose outcome will serve
as precedent for future cases
and especially for pending cases involving similar orrelated issues
or circumstances and often some of the same parties
NOTE:
A test case is selected from a number of cases
in order to avoid a flood of litigation.
All of the parties to the cases must agree
to accept the outcome of the test case as binding.
a proceeding usually in the form of a suit for injunction
brought to obtain a decision
as to the constitutionality of a statute
b: the reported facts, procedural history, and especially decision in an action
— landmark case
: a case that marks a significant turning point on a particular issue
— leading case
: a case so well reasoned and important in the rules of law
determined andin the principles declared that
it becomes well-known and is frequently cited
by courts and lawyers as settling the points of law ruled upon
and as useful in resolving new questions of law
c: the evidence and argumentspresented by a party in court
— see also CASE STATED
— case in chief
: the main part of a party's case
including arguments for which the party bears the burden of proof
but not including rebuttal
— prima facie case
: a case established by evidence
that is sufficient to raise a presumption of fact
or establish the fact in question unless rebutted
Collins COBUILD English Usage:
case
1. 'in case'
You use in case or just in case to say
that someone has something or does something
because a particular thing might happen.
I've got the key in case we want to go inside.
We tend not to go too far from the office, just in case there should be a bomb scare that would prevent us getting back.
Be Careful!
After in case or just in case,
you use a simple tense or should.
You do not use 'will' or 'shall'.
Be Careful!
You do not use 'in case' or 'just in case'
to say that something will happen
as a result of something else happening.
You do not say, for example,
'I will go in case he asks me'.
You say 'I will go if he asks me'.
He qualifies this year if he gets through his exams.
2. 'in that case'
You say in that case or in which case
to refer to a situation which has just been mentioned
and to introduce a statement or suggestion
that is a consequence of it.
'The bar is closed,' the waiter said. 'In that case,' McFee said,
'allow me to invite you back to my flat for a drink.'
I greatly enjoy these meetings unless I have to make a speech,
in which case I'm in a state of dreadful anxiety.
3. 'in this respect'
You do not use 'in this case'
to refer to a particular aspect of something.
For example,
you do not say
'Most of my friends lost their jobs, but I was very lucky in this case'.
You say 'Most of my friends lost their jobs,
but I was very lucky in this respect'.
The children are not unintelligent
- in fact, they seem quite normal in this respect.
But most of all, there is that intangible thing, the value of the brand.
In this respect, Manchester United, the most famous football club in the world, is unique.
