2021-05-30 ศัพท์ น่าสับสน ชุด – B – bipartisan & partisan & bipartite
2021-05-30
ศัพท์ น่าสับสน ชุด – B – bipartisan & partisan & bipartite
แนะนำการใช้ ตามที่ส่วนใหญ่ใช้ แต่ละท้องถิ่น
ความหมาย อาจผันแปร ตาม ตำแหน่ง/หน้าที่ ในประโยค
Dictionary.com
ออกเสียง bipartisan = ‘bahy-PAHR-tuh-zuhn’
ออกเสียง partisan = ‘PAHR-tuh-zuhn’ – British = ‘pahr-tuh-ZAN’
ออกเสียง bipartite = ‘bahy-PAHR-tahyt’
Dictionary.com
VOCAB BUILDER
What does bipartisan mean?
Bipartisan means including two parties or factions,
especiallyones that typically oppose each other.
Bipartisan isused in the context of political systems
that have two dominant parties.
Bipartisan ismost often used to describe actions
or solutions intendedto counteract partisan politics,
which refers to a situation in whichmembers of each party
vote along party linesand refuse to compromise.
Example:
Approving the budget before the deadline will take a bipartisan effort.
Where does bipartisan come from?
The firstrecords of bipartisan in English come from theearly 1900s.
Bipartisan iscomposed of the prefix bi-, meaning two,
and partisan, which is “a supporter of a group or party, especially one who shows a biased allegiance.”
Partisan isbased on the same root as the word party.
When a governmentis dominated by two political parties,
the two parties usually have deep ideological differences.
This is certainly the case in the United States,
where the Democratic party and the Republican party
disagree on allkinds of things.
When the two parties can’t compromise
because they only stick to their own side,
this is often called partisanship or partisan politics,
which canlead to gridlock.
But sometimes politicianswork with members of the other party
to get things donethat they agree on.
Doing so is calledbeing bipartisan.
(In the U.S., this is sometimes called“crossing the aisle,”
referring tothe aisle in the U.S. Senate that separates the two seating areas where members of each party sit.)
Bipartisan is used in many phrases related to
members of both parties working together,
such as: bipartisan coalition, bipartisan solution, and bipartisan efforts.
It can also be used todescribe legislation
put forward collaborativelyby members of both parties,
as in: bipartisan legislation and bipartisan bill.
Bipartisan does not mean the same thing as nonpartisan.
Nonpartisan means“not supporting or controlled by a political party.”
Some organizations,
like think tanks and charities, labelthemselves as nonpartisan,
typically as a wayto indicate that
they are not tied to the agenda of anyparticular party.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Bipartisan
Did You Know?
Bipartisan isa two-part word.
The firstelement is the prefix bi-, which means "two";
the secondis partisan, a word that traces through Middle French
and north Italian dialect to the Latin part- or pars,
meaning"part."
Partisan itself hasa long history as a word in English.
It has been used as a noun in reference to
a firm adherentto a party, faction, or cause
(especially one exhibiting blind, prejudiced, and unreasoning allegiance), since the 16th century.
The related adjective (meaning "of, relating to, or characteristic of a partisan") appeared in the 19th century,
as did, after a space of some 50 years, the adjective bipartisan.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Our Antedatingof the Week: ’bipartisan’
Our antedating of the week is bipartisan,
defined as“of, relating to, or involving members of two parties; specifically, marked by or involving cooperation, agreement, and compromise between two major political parties.”
Our earliestknown use had been from 1891,
but recentfindings show that we’ve been bipartisan since at least 1880.
It was allayed, however, by a proposition,
equally honorableto all parties,
that the Democratic inspector should tell the truth
and permit the votes to be honestly counted,
and that he should in return receive from the victorious Republicans
a lucrative office on which he had set his heart.
He now enjoys that post, and the bi-partisan principle has again been vindicated.
— The News and Herald (Winnsboro, SC), 8 May 1880
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Trending: ‘bipartisan’
Lookups spiked 1,600% on February 5, 2019
Why are people looking up bipartisan?
Bipartisan spiked in lookups
during the State of the Union address given by President Trump on February 5th, 2019, after numerous commenters and commentators used the word in reference to the President's speech.
What does bipartisan mean?
Bipartisan isdefined as
“of, relating to, or involving members of twoparties,”
or, in specific,
“marked by or involving cooperation, agreement, and compromise between two major political parties.”
The word has been in use since the late 19th century.
Citations
Some scholar ought to prepare and publish
a manual of legislative orpolitical English.
What can be more ridiculousthan to call
such a legislative committee
as has beeninvestigating the Cincinnati election frauds “non-partisan!”
The three Democrats on the committee bring in one report,
the three Republicans another.
Why not call it a “bi-partisan” committee, and be honest?
—The Los Angeles Times, 9 May 1886
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Choose the Right Synonym for partisan
Noun
FOLLOWER, ADHERENT, DISCIPLE, PARTISAN
mean one who gives full loyalty and support to another.
FOLLOWER may apply to people who attach themselves either
to the person or beliefs of another.
an evangelist and his followers
ADHERENT suggests a close and persistent attachment.
adherents to Marxism
DISCIPLE implies a devoted allegiance to the teachings of one chosen as a master.
disciples of Gandhi
PARTISAN suggests a zealous often prejudiced attachment.
partisans of the President
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Partisan and Politics
A partisanis someone who supports one part or party.
Sometimes the support takes the form of military action,
as when guerrilla fighters take on government forces.
But partisan is actually most often used as an adjective,
usually referring to support of a political party.
So, if you're accused of being too partisan,
or of practicing partisan politics,
it means you're mainly interested in
boosting your own party and attackingthe other one.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Partisan
Once again, the week’s top lookups were largely driven
by coverage of Brett Kavanaugh’s nomination to the Supreme Court.
None of these were particularly happy words.
Partisan, prevaricate, whitewash, witch hunt, exculpatory ...
well, exculpatory could bea happy word
to the person who is being exculpated.
But otherwise, these are not words forhaving a great time.
Partisan may be used with a small number of meanings,
and as both adjective and noun.
The adjective sense most often
intended inpolitical discussions of late
is “feeling, showing, orderiving from strong
and sometimes blind adherence to
a particularparty, faction, cause, or person.”
While the noun sense
(“a firm adherent to a party, faction, cause, or person”)
dates back to the middle of the 16th century,
this adjective did not arise until the early 19th.
After people began to use partisan as an adjective
in this manner it did not take long for the word to be paired with politics.
There is nothing more elastic than the creed of a thorough-going party-man. We have before us an amusing illustration of this quality of purely partizan politics, that is too good to be followed by any thing else, and we shall therefore conclude with it.
— Weekly Raleigh Register (Raleigh, NC), 10 Apr. 1827
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Partisan
Throughout the decade (and beyond), this word
- which emphasizes one's allegiance to the part rather than the whole
- characterized America's deeply divided politics.
Example:
The moderate convention speakers
... are expected to stick to safe partisan topics
such as: praise for Bush's leadership.
-Seattle P-I, August 2004
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Bipartite and Medicine
Usually a technical word,
bipartite is commonin medicine and biology.
A bipartite patella, for example, is a split kneecap;
many people are born with them.
Many creatures have a bipartite life cycle,
living life in two very distinct forms.
As one example,
the velellabegins life as a creature that travels with thousands of others
in the form of a kind of sailboat, blown across the ocean's surface with the wind; only laterdoes each velella turn into a tiny jellyfish.
Dictionary of Problem Words in English
bipartisan & partisan & bipartite
Bipartisan ismade up of the prefix bi-, meaning “two,”
and partisan, meaning “an adherent or supporter.”
Thus, we refer to “a strongly partisan member of the Democratic party”
and to “a bipartisan foreign policy supported by Democrats and Republicans.”
Soldiers fighting againstan invader of their country
may be called partisans;
members of a United Nations force
attempting to keep peace in a country may be referred to as bipartisan.
Bipartite means ‘joint,” “shared by two,” “in two parts”:
“Germany and Italy signed a bipartite pact prior to World War II.
After World War II, Germany had a bipartite government
of occupying forces and its own leaders.”
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