2021-05-10 ศัพท์ น่าสับสน ชุด – A – assure & ensure & insure & assurance/insurance
2021-05-10
ศัพท์ น่าสับสน ชุด – A – assure & ensure & insure & assurance/insurance
แนะนำการใช้ ตามที่ส่วนใหญ่ใช้ แต่ละท้องถิ่น
ความหมาย อาจผันแปร ตาม ตำแหน่ง/หน้าที่ ในประโยค
Dictionary.com
ออกเสียง assure = ‘uh-SHOOR’ or ‘uh-SHUR’
ออกเสียง ensure = ‘en-SHOOR’ or ‘en-SHUR’
ออกเสียง insure (chiefly British use)
ออกเสียง assurance = ‘uh-SHOOR-uhns’ or ‘SHUR’
ออกเสียง insurance (chiefly British use) = ‘in-SHOOR-uhns’ or ‘SHUR’
Dictionary.com
ASSURE VS. ENSURE VS. INSURE
What's the difference between assure, ensure, and insure?
Assure usually means
to tellsomeone something with confidence
or to causesomeone to know something with certainty
—it often means the same thing as reassure.
Ensure most commonly means
to guarantee or make certain,
as in Working hard ensures success.
Insure typically means
to guarantee againstloss or harm or,
more specifically, to cover with insurance.
It’s no wonder
there’s confusion between the three words
—all three are verbs
that are based on the Latin root sēcūrus, meaning safe.
Making things even more confusing is the fact
that ensure and insure can be used interchangeably in most senses.
Still, insure is much more commonly used in the context of insurance,
like car insurance, health insurance, and homeowner’s insurance.
These kinds of insurance insure you
—they give you coveragethat provides you
with compensationin certain cases and situations.
Ensure is typically
usedin a more general way in the context of actions
that are done to make sure that something happens or is the case,
as in: We need to ensure that the meeting starts on time.
Assure is always used in the context of communication,
especially in situations in which
someone is trying to make someone else feel better about something.
It’s used in the phrase rest assured.
Here’s a quick cheat sheet to remember
the most common uses of each word:
assure = reassure
ensure = make sure
insure = cover with insurance
Here’s an example of assure, ensure, and insure
used correctly in a sentence.
Example:
She assured me that the company has ensured that
every employee has the opportunity to be insured.
What’s The Difference Between “Assure,” “Ensure,” And “Insure”?
Let’s say you’rein a thorny situation,
and you find yourself wanting to offer comfort.
Do you have a word or two in your back pocket for this moment?
Do you assure your friend it will be alright?
Or do you ensure them they’ll feel better soon?
… Or is the word you’re looking for insure?
Confused? This is a tricky one.
Assure, ensure, and insure ultimately
derive from the Latin word sēcūrus meaning “safe.”
As with many words that shareancestors,
these terms’ meanings can overlap
and, in some cases, they still function as synonyms.
In fact, ensure and insure have a very close history:
insure developed as a spelling variant of ensure
and functioned this way for hundreds of years.
Essentially, they were the same word!
So, what’s the discerning word lover to do?
Well, for one thing,
we can help you focus on several ways assure, ensure,
and insure are used distinctly today.
We assure you it’s not as painful as it sounds!
What does assure mean?
Assure was the first of the three to enter English
with a reflexivesense of “to have confidence, trust, rely.”
Today, the term is most commonly used to mean
“to state with confidence to” or
“to cause to know surely,”
conveying the actionof putting someone’s mind at ease,
as in Despite all the challenges,
she assured us that everything would turn out all right.
While the words ensure and insure do function as synonyms
for assure in some instances,
today this useof assure (“to state with confidence to”) is unique.
As The Chicago Manual of Style notes,
“We ensure events and insure things.
But we assure people that their concerns are being addressed.”
What does ensure mean?
Ensure entered English shortly after assure with the meaning
“to declare earnestlyto; state with confidence to.”
Todayit is widely used to convey the action of securing
or guaranteeing an outcome or development,
as in: This ticket will ensure you get a seat at the event.
What does insure mean?
As we’ve mentioned,
insure entered English as a variant of ensure.
However, in the mid-1600s,
insure picked up a financial sense of
“to pay a sum to secure indemnity to or on,
in caseof loss, damage, or death.”
In general senses, ensure and insure are interchanged,
but this financial sense is what distinguishes insure today.
We primarily use insure to talk about providing or obtaining insurance,
as in: After all his car accidents, the company refuses to insure him again.
Insure can be used to talk about other kinds of risk,
but in that usage, the term is typically followed by the word against,
as in: We insured against disappointment by making an early reservation.
How to use assure, ensure, and insure
As you can see,
all of these terms address the action
of making certain or guaranteeing,
buteach in a slightly different way.
Insure is the only of the three that
explicitlyrefers to insurance policies and financial risk.
The following examples will help clarify its use:
- Before you drive that car, you know you have to insure it, right?
- It cost Armando a lot of money to insure his old house.
To assure is to “declare earnestly” or with confidence, similar to reassure,
a word that appears as a synonym for assure.
To ensure is related to the outcome of a situation.
For example:
- The teacher assured the students that they were prepared for the test.
- Can you assure us that we have enough vaccines for everyone?
- The team needs to practice as much as it can to ensure a decisive victory Saturday.
- With a budget that small, we can’t ensure success in this marketing campaign.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Choosethe Right Synonym for assure & ensure & insure
ENSURE, INSURE, ASSURE, SECURE
mean to make a thing or person sure.
ENSURE, INSURE, and ASSURE are interchangeable in many contexts
where they indicatethe making certain or inevitable of an outcome,
but ENSURE may imply a virtual guarantee
the government has ensured the safety of the refugees,
while INSURE sometimes stresses
the takingof necessary measures beforehand
careful planning should insure the success of the party,
and ASSURE distinctively implies the removal of doubt and suspense from a person's mind.
I assure you that no harm will be done
SECURE implies action taken to guard against attack or loss.
sent reinforcements to secure their position
Choose the Right Synonym for assurance
CONFIDENCE, ASSURANCE, SELF-POSSESSION, APLOMB
meana state of mind or a manner
marked byeasy coolness and freedom from uncertainty, diffidence, or embarrassment.
CONFIDENCE stresses faith in oneself and one's powers without any suggestion of conceit or arrogance.
the confidence that comes from long experience
ASSURANCE carries a stronger implication of certainty and may suggest arrogance or lack of objectivity in assessing one's own powers.
handled the cross-examination with complete assurance
SELF-POSSESSION implies an ease or coolness under stress
that reflectsperfect self-control and command of one's powers.
answered the insolent question with complete self-possession
APLOMB implies a manifest self-possession in trying or challenging situations.
handled the reporters with great aplomb
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Do you ensure or insure?
There is considerable confusion
about whether ensure and insure aredistinct words,
variantsof the same word, or some combination of the two.
They are in fact differentwords,
but with sufficient overlapin meaning
and form as to create uncertainty
as to which should be used when.
We define
ensure as“to make sure, certain, or safe”
and one sense of insure,
“to make certain especially by taking necessary measures and precautions,” is quite similar.
But insure has the additional meaning
“to provide or obtaininsurance on or for,”
which is not sharedby ensure.
Some usage guides recommend using insure in financial contexts
(as in: “she insured her book collection for a million dollars”)
and ensure inthe general sense “to make certain”
(as in: “she ensured that the book collection was packed well”).
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Usage Notes
'Insure' vs. 'Ensure' vs. 'Assure'
How to make sureyou're using them right
Do you find yourself jolted awake in the middle of the night,
seizedwith the paralyzing dread that
you may have used either ensure, insure, or assure
when one of the others was called for,
when writing a letter toa very important person?
We hope not, as it isn't really worth losing sleep over
(but good on you for still writing letters).
Furthermore, not only is there a good chance
your reader also confuses these three words,
but there are many circumstances in which they are in fact interchangeable.
As a means of illustrating this,
let’s look at some of the definitions
for each word found inour Unabridged Dictionary:
Insure
Sense 2: Ensure
Sense 3: Assure
Ensure
Sense 2: Insure
Sense 3: Assure
Assure
Sense 1: Insure
Sense 6: Ensure
Each of these words
has some meanings which are peculiar to it,
some which are not entirely discrete from the others,
and some which overlapalmost entirely.
Beforewe get into an examination of what the differences might be,
it is worth notingthat this is one of the many areas of English
where there is nounanimity of opinion as to what is correct.
An optimist might viewthis as
‘no matter which one I pick some will think me correct.’
A pessimist willinstead think
‘no matter which one I pick some will think me wrong.’
And a cynic will think
‘I do not believe that anyone truly cares about these matters,
and therefore, it makes not a whit of difference which one I choose.’
The cynic would bemostly right, at least for much of the history of English,
as for hundreds of years insure and ensure were simply spelling variants,
and had no moredifference between them than theatre and theater.
It is notuncommmon to find them
used inmuch the same manner,
evenwithin the same sentence.
Suchan introduction, though it may ensure success,
does notnecessarily insure a rapid or brilliant one,
and fora considerable time his character stood much higher
with the profession thanwith the publick.
— The Gentleman’s Magazine (London, Eng.), Oct. 1823
However, in the middle of the 19th century
somebegan to find fault with this,
and proposedassigning meanings to ensure, insure, and assure
inmore orderly fashion.
An instance of suchdifferentiation,
whena new word arises, may be found in the word ‘ensure,’
formerly spelled indifferently ‘ensure’ and ‘insure;’
whereas, at present,
the latter moderefers properly to the periodical payment
of a sum of money during life,
in considerationof a larger sum being paid to relatives at death;
a person doing this is said to ‘insure’ his life;
but to ‘ensure’ his lifeis admittedly beyond any man’s power
….and here we may remark, en passant,
that the words ‘assure’ and ‘assurance’
are wholly incorrect as applied to life or fire insurance.
— Chambers’s Journal, 23 Nov. 1867
We propose no innovation, except that of so limiting the significations of ensure and insure, enure and inure,
that each of these words in en shall become a distinct word,
instead of being as now a various spelling.
— Benjamin Drew, Pens and Types, 1871
Many usage guides have suggested restricting
the use of insure to financial matters,
and employing ensure in general uses
where you mean “to make sure, certain, or safe.”
And we often do this;
when examining the things that we insure
they tend be much more of things
that may be assigned some remunerable value: cars, homes, ourselves.
The things that we ensure, on the other hand,
are more frequently accountability, control, and outcomes.
Assure is differentiated from these two words in that
it may havethe specific meaning of removing doubt
(or attempting to) from someone’s mind.
For the most part we seem to have little trouble
assigningthese words to their now commonly accepted uses.
It is still fairly common to find one used
in a setting where another might be called for.
With only twenty minutes to pose questions
to a busy star headed for the airport,
the publicist insured me that she'd give me more
"in twenty minutes thanmany other actors would in two hours.”
— Richard Porton, Cineaste (New York, NY), Spring 2007
The creative team ensured me that
the stunt would beperformed under strict supervision,
yetwhen you know there's no coming back in case anything goes wrong, the process makesyou vulnerable.
— The Hindustan Times (New Delhi, Ind.), 31 Jul. 2017
If you still feel uncomfortable and itchy when trying to decide
if it is correctto assure your spouse that you will ensure that
the new jobwill leave you insured, you can relax.
Even in the judgy and nitpicky world of English usage if you choose the wrong one here it’s more of a venial sin than a mortal one.
American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language,
as·sur′a·ble adj.
as·sur′er, as·sur′or n.
Usage Note:
Assure, ensure, and insure
all mean "to make secure or certain."
Only assure is used with reference to a person
inthe sense of "to set the mind at rest":
The ambassador assured the prime minister of his loyalty.
Although ensure and insure are generally interchangeable,
only insure is now widely used in American English
inthe commercial sense of "to guarantee persons or property against risk."
Collins COBUILD English Usage
1. 'assure'
If you assure someone that something is true or will happen,
you tell them that it is definitely true or will definitely happen,
often in order to makethem less worried.
"I can assure you that neither of our two goalkeepers will be leaving," O'Leary said.
The government assured the public that there would be no increase in taxes.
2. 'ensure'and 'insure'
In BritishEnglish, to ensure that something happens
means to makecertain that it happens.
His reputation was enough to ensure that he was always welcome.
In AmericanEnglish, this word is usually spelled insure.
I shall try to insure that your stay is a pleasant one.
3. 'insure'
Insure hasanother meaning.
In both British and American English,
ifyou insure your property,
you pay money to a company so that
if the property is lost, stolen, or damaged,
the company will pay you a sum of money.
In thismeaning, the spelling is always insure, not'ensure'.
Insure your baggage before you leave home.
The A-Z of Correct English Common Errors in English Dictionary
Assuranceor insurance?
Insurance companies distinguishbetween these two terms.
ASSURANCE is the technicalterm
given forinsurance against a certainty (e.g. death)
wherepayment is guaranteed.
INSURANCE is the technicalterm
given forinsurance against a risk
(such as fire, burglary, illness)
where payment is made only if the risk materialises
Common Errors In English Usage Dictionary
Assure& ensure & insure
To“assure” a person of something
is to makehim or her confident of it.
According to Associated Press style,
to “ensure” that something happens is to make certain that it does,
and to “insure”is to issue an insurance policy.
Otherauthorities, however,
consider “ensure” and “insure” interchangeable.
Toplease conservatives, make the distinction.
However, it isworth noting that in older usage
thesespellings were not clearly distinguished.
European“life assurance” companies
takethe position that all policy-holders are mortal
and someone willdefinitely collect,
thus, assuring heirs of some income.
Americancompanies tend to go with “insurance”
for coverageof life as well as of fire, theft, etc.
Dictionary of Problem Words in English
assure & ensure & insure
Assure means
“to convince,”
“to guarantee”:
“I assure you of my good intention.
Ensure andinsure mean
“to make certain,”
“to guard against loss”:
“Please insure this package.”
Insure, the preferred spelling,
isapplied to both people and property,
but assure usually refers only to persons.
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