2021-03-24
ศัพท์ น่าสับสน ชุด W – Whiskey & whisky
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Dictionary.com
ออกเสียง ‘whiskey’ or ‘whisky’ = ‘HWIS-kee’ or ‘WIS-kee’
BRITISH DICTIONARY
Whiskey noun
= the usual Irish and US spelling of whisky
Farlex Trivia Dictionary.
Whiskey =
- Strong alcoholic liquors made by distillation, as brandy, whiskey, or gin.
- bourbon –
- Named for Bourbon County, Kentucky,
an American whiskey made from at least 51 percent corn,
plus other grains
(all bourbons are whiskey, but not all whiskeys are bourbon);
whiskey is an alcoholic liquor distilled from grain,
such as corn, rye, or barley, and contains approximately 40 to 50 percent ethyl alcohol by volume.
- scat - Slang for whiskey.
- brand name - The term originated with whiskey, as the producers branded their names on the barrels.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Word History
'Whiskey' and 'Whisky' and Alchemy
Thank the alchemists
Anyone who has overindulged in whiskey
and felt like dying the next day will see
the ironyin the origin of the word whiskey:
it traces back to the Medieval Latin phrase aqua vitae,
meaning "water of life."
The 15th century alchemists
who first used the term aqua vitae were doing so
to refer to distilled spirits.
They were searching for immortality(in addition to wealth and longevity) and must have settled on the name a dram or two shy of overindulgence. (To be fair, it's likely that it was less euphoric drunkenness that made them choose the name than the substance's medicinal properties.)
Their Latin borrowing has endured in English:
aqua vitae is still a generic (and seldom used) term
for a strong alcoholic liquor, like brandy.
Whiskey (as it's typically spelled in the United States;
more on whiskey/whisky below)
is the modern versionof the Hiberno-Scots take on aqua vitae.
It's a shorteningof earlier whiskeybae and usquebaugh,
among many other variants,
all of which are borrowed from either Irish uisce beathadh
or Scottish Gaelic uisge beatha
and refer to a drink traditionally distilled from malted barley.
Aqua vitae inspired coinages in other languages as well:
aquavit (also styled as akvavit),
a Swedish, Danish, and Norwegian take on aqua vitae,
refers toa clear Scandinavian liquor flavored with caraway seeds;
eau-de-vie, which refers to a clear brandy
distilled from the fermented juice of pears, raspberries, or other fruit,
is a French translationof the term.
Now about that spelling:
is your local hipster bar using "whisk(e)y"
as a category heading on its menu because it looks cool,
or is there a distinction that requires parenthetical diplomacy to be accurately inclusive?
Well, whiskey is the usual spelling in the U.S. and Ireland,
while whisky is the usual spelling everywhere else.
The labelson bottles will typically reflect the spelling
favored in the landfrom which they hail
—though some American bourbons
align themselves morewith scotch and use whisky.
American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language,
Word History:
The words water, whiskey, and vodka flow from a common source,
the Indo-the indo European root
“wed- "water, wet."
This root could appear in several guises, as *wed-, *wod-, or *ud-.
Water is a native English word that goes back by way of prehistoric Common Germanic *watar to the Indo-European suffixed
form *wod-ōr, with an o.
Whiskey is a shortened form of usquebaugh,
which English borrowed from Irish Gaelic uisce beatha
and Scottish Gaelic uisge beatha.
This compound descends from Old Irish uisce, "water," and bethad, "of life,"
meaning literally "water of life."
(It thus meant the same thing as the name of another drink, aquavit, which comes from Latin aqua vītae, "water of life.")
Uisce comes from the Indo-European suffixed form *ud-skio-
Finally, the name of another alcoholic drink,
vodka, comes into English from Russian,
where it means literally "little water,"
as it is a diminutive of voda, "water"
—a euphemism if ever there was one.
Voda comes from the same Indo-European form as English water,
but has a different suffix: *wod-ā.
Common Errors In English Usage Dictionary
whisky & whiskey
Scots preferthe spelling “whisky”;
Americansfollow instead the Irish spelling,
So, Kentucky bourbon
is “whiskey.”
