2021-03-18
ศัพท์ น่าสับสน ชุด W – want & wish
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Dictionary.com
ออกเสียง want = ‘WAWNT’
ออกเสียง wish = ‘WISH’
Abused, Confused, & Misused Words by Mary Embree
want
= to desire greatly;
= need;
= lack:
I really want a new car.
Not to be confused with:
wont = accustomed to;
= apt or likely:
He is wont to make mistakes when he hurries.
won't = will not:
I won’t be able to go with you.
Collins COBUILD English Usage
want
1. basic use
If you want something,
you feel a need for it or a desire to have it.
Do you want a cup of coffee?
All they want is some sleep.
In informal conversation,
people sometimes use present progressive
and past progressive forms of want.
I think someone is wanting to speak to you.
They were all wanting to be on the team.
Be Careful!
Don't use present progressive or past progressive forms of want
in formal speech or writing.
However, want can be used in the present perfect progressive,
the past perfect progressive and the future progressive,
in both formal and informal English.
John had been wanting to resign for months.
These new phones are getting very popular
– soon everyone will be wanting one.
2. used with a to-infinitive
You can say that someone wants to do something.
They wanted to go shopping.
I want to ask you a favour, Sara.
Be Careful!
Don't say that someone 'wants to not do something'
or 'wants not to do something'.
Say that they don't want to do it.
I don't want to discuss this.
He didn't want to come.
Instead of using a to-infinitive clause,
you can sometimes use to on its own after don't want.
For example,
instead of saying 'I was asked to go, but I didn't want to go',
you would normally say 'I was asked to go, but I didn't want to'.
Don't say 'I was asked to go, but I didn't want it'
or 'I was asked to go, but I didn't want'.
I could do it faster, but I just don't want to.
He should not be forced to eat it if he doesn't want to.
You can say that you want someone else to do something.
I want him to learn to read.
The little girl wanted me to come and play with her.
Be Careful!
Don't use a that-clause after want.
Don't say, for example, 'I want that he should learn to read'.
3. requests
You don't normally use 'want' when you are making a request.
It is not polite,
for example, to say in a shop 'I want a box of matches, please'.
You should say 'Could I have a box of matches, please?'
or just 'A box of matches, please.'
4. another meaning of 'want'
In British English, in conversation and in less formal writing,
want has another meaning.
If something wants doing, there is a need for it to be done.
We've got a few jobs that want doing in the garden.
The windows wanted cleaning.
Be Careful!
Don't use a to-infinitive in sentences like these.
Don't say, for example,
'We've got a few jobs that want to be done in the garden'.
5. 'be about to'
Don't use 'want to' to say that
someone is going to do something very soon.
Use the expression be about to.
Don't say, for example, 'I was just wanting to leave when the phone rang'.
Say 'I was just about to leave when the phone rang'.
Her father is about to retire soon.
I can't talk now, because I'm just about to go to work.
Collins COBUILD English Usage
wish
Wish can be a noun or a verb.
1. used as a noun
A wish is a longing or desire for something,
often something that is difficult to obtain or achieve.
She told me of her wish to have a baby.
They are motivated by a wish for more freedom.
2. used as a verb
When wish is a verb, it is usually followed by a that-clause.
If you wish that something was the case,
you would like it to be the case,
although you know it is unlikely or impossible.
I wish I lived nearer London.
We never have enough time and we wish we had more.
Be Careful!
Use a past tense in the that-clause, not a present tense.
Don't say, for example, 'I wish I have more friends'.
Say 'I wish I had more friends'.
Don't say 'I wish I have sold my car'.
You say 'I wish I had sold my car'.
I wish I could help you, but I can't.
I envy you. I wish I was going away too.
You use the same tense in the that-clause
when you are talking about the past as you would use
if you were talking about the present.
For example,
you say 'She wished she lived in Tuscany'
and 'She wishes she lived in Tuscany'.
The woman wished she could help them.
He wished he had phoned for a taxi.
When the subject of the that-clause is a singular pronoun
such as I or he or a singular noun phrase,
you can use either was or were after it.
This use of were is rather formal, especially in British English.
Sometimes, I wish I was back in Africa.
My sister occasionally wished that she were a boy.
You can also use could in the that-clause.
I wish I could paint.
He wished he could believe her.
If you wish that something would happen,
you want it to happen,
and you are annoyed or worried because it has not happened already.
I wish he would hurry up!
I wish someone would explain it to me.
If you say to someone that you wish they would do something,
you want them to do it,
and you are annoyed or disappointed
because they have not done it already.
I wish you would leave me alone.
I wish you would find out the facts before you start accusing people.
Be Careful!
Don't use 'wish' with a that-clause
simply to express a wish for the future.
Don't say, for example, 'I wish you'll have a nice time in Finland'.
Say 'I hope you'll have a nice time in Finland'
or 'I hope you have a nice time in Finland'.
I hope I'll see you before you go.
I hope you enjoy the play.
However, you can sometimes express a wish for the future
using wish as a transitive verb with two objects.
May I wish you luck in writing your book.
He wished the newly wed couple every possible happiness.
American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language,
wish′er n.
Usage Note:
Wish is widely used as a polite substitute for want with infinitives:
Do you wish to sit at a table on the terrace?
Anyone who wishes to may leave now.
This usage is appropriate for formal style,
where it is natural to treat the desires of others
with exaggerated deference.
The corresponding use of
wish with a noun-phrase object is less frequent:
Anyone who wishes an aisle seat should see an attendant.
Both usages are likely to sound stilted in informal style,
however, and want may be substituted for wish.
A traditional rule requires the use of were
rather than was in a contrary-to-fact statement that follows wish:
I wish I were (not was) lighter on my feet.
While many people continue to insist on upholding this rule,
the indicative was in such clauses can be found
in the works of many well-known writers.
See Usage Note at if.
Dictionary.com
SYNONYM STUDY FOR WISH
Wish, desire, want
indicate a longing for something.
To wish is to feel an impulse toward attainment
or possession of something;
the strength of the feeling may be of greateror lesser intensity:
I wish I could go home.
Desire, a more formal word, suggests a strong wish:
They desire a new regime.
Want, usually colloquial in use, suggests a feeling of lack
or need that imperatively demands fulfillment:
People all over the world want peace.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Choose the Right Synonym for want
Verb
DESIRE, WISH, WANT, CRAVE, COVET
mean to have a longing for.
DESIRE stresses the strength of feeling and often implies strong intention or aim.
desires to start a new life
WISH sometimes implies a general or transient longing
especially forthe unattainable.
wishes for permanent world peace
WANT specifically suggests a felt need or lack.
wants to have a family
CRAVE stresses the force of physical appetite or emotional need.
craves sweets
COVET implies strong envious desire.
covets his rise to fame
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Noun
POVERTY, INDIGENCE, PENURY, WANT, DESTITUTION
mean the state of one with insufficient resources.
POVERTY may cover a range from extreme want of necessities
to an absence of material comforts.
the extreme poverty of the slum dwellers
INDIGENCE implies seriously straitened circumstances.
the indigence of her years as a graduate student
PENURY suggests a cramping or oppressive lack of money.
a catastrophic illness that condemned them to years of penury
WANT and DESTITUTION imply extreme poverty
that threatens life itself through starvationor exposure.
lived in a perpetual state of want
the widespread destitution in countries beset by famine
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Choose the Right Synonym for wish
Verb
DESIRE, WISH, WANT, CRAVE, COVET
mean to have a longing for.
DESIRE stresses the strength of feeling and often implies strong intentionor aim.
desires to start a new life
WISH sometimes implies a general or transient longing
especially for the unattainable.
wishes for permanent world peace
WANT specifically suggests a felt need or lack.
wants to have a family
CRAVE stresses the force of physical appetite or emotional need.
craves sweets
COVET implies strong envious desire.
covets his rise to fame
Dictionary of Problem Words and Expressions
want & wish
These words share a meaning of
“to long for,” “to crave,” to desire”:
“Don’t you want (wish) to go to the game?”
“She wishes (wants) to sleep now.”
Want also expresses the idea of a lack or need:
“He wants (desires) a job, but he wants (lacks) experience.”
Wish is the word to use when expressing an impulse or hope:
“I wish you were my friend,”
Want (in the sense of need) rather than wish (in the sense of desire) should be used in a polite query
such as “Do you want some more food?”
“Want for” is a correct expression only when the idea to be expressed
is “to have need”:
“We did not want for money on our trip.”
Want should not be accompanied by for
when wishor desire is involved:
”I want (not want for) you to stay.”
The constructions “want out” and “want in” are often heard
but are informal.
It is preferable to say “The dog wants to get out (or wants to get in)”
rather thanthe elliptical “wants out” or “wants in.”
