2020-12-01
ศัพท์ น่าสับสน ชุด P – Port & harbor
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Dictionary.com
ออกเสียง Port =’PAWRT’
ออกเสียง harbor =’HAHR-ber’
Dictionary.com
SYNONYM STUDY FOR HARBOR
Harbor, haven, port
indicate a shelter for ships.
A harbor may be natural or artificially constructed or improved:
a fine harbor on the eastern coast.
A haven is usually a natural harbor that can be utilized by ships
as a place of safety; the word is common in literary use:
a haven in time of storm; a haven of refuge.
A port is a harbor viewed especially in its commercial relations,
though it is frequently applied in the meaning of harbor or haven also:
a thriving port; any old port in a storm.
Farlex Trivia Dictionary
Harbor = First meant "shelter" and "lodging,"
and that is how the word first entered English place-names,
as a "place of shelter; refuge" for a crowd of people.
A port is a haven for vessels and it is equipped forloading and unloading ships,
while a harbor is a haven forvessels but does not necessarily have onshore facilities.
See also related terms for refuge.
Random House Kernerman Webster's College Dictionary
har′bor•er, n.
har′bor•less, adj.
har′bor•ous, adj.
syn:
refer to a shelter for ships.
A harbor is a natural or an artificially constructed shelter and anchorage for ships:
a fine harbor on the eastern coast.
A port is aharbor viewed
esp. with reference to its commercial activities and facilities:
a thriving port.
haven is a literary word meaning refuge, although
occasionally referring to a natural harbor that can be utilized by ships
as a place of safety: to seek a haven in a storm. See also cherish.
Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms. US Department of Defense 2005
harbor
A restricted body of water, an anchorage,
or other limited coastal waterarea and its mineable water approaches,
from which shipping operations are projected or supported.
Generally, a harbor is part of a base,
in which case the harbor defense force
forms a component element of the base defense force
established for the local defense of the base and its included harbor.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
History and Etymology for harbor
Noun
Middle English herberwe, herberowe, herbour, harborow
"quarters, lodgings, field camp of an army, shelter for a traveler,"
going back to Old English herebeorg "shelter, lodgings,"
going back to Germanic *haribergō-
(whence also Old Frisian herberge "lodging, inn,"
Old Saxon heriberga "army camp,"
Old High German heriberga, herberga "army camp, lodging for a traveler, accommodations,"
Old Norse herbergi "inn, room"), from *harja- "body of armed men" + *-beorgō- "shelter, protection," noun derivative from the base of *bergan- "to keep safe" (whence Old English beorgan [strong verb class III] "to defect, defend, preserve,"
Old Saxon gibergan "to protect," Old High German bergan "to save, preserve, conceal," Old Norse bjarga "to save," Gothic bairgan "to keep, preserve"),
going back to dialectal Indo-European *bhergh-, whence also Old Church Slavic nebrěgǫ, nebrěšti "to disregard, neglect," Czech brh "hayrick, cave, hut" (from *bĭrgŭ), Czech brah "hayrick," Polish bróg "hayrick, barn for hay" (from *borgŭ), Lithuanian bìrginti "to be sparing, not spend much," Old Irish commairce "protection, refuge" (from *ḱom-bhorgh-i̯e-) HARRY
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
NOTE: Middle English forms such as herboru and harborow appear to show assimilation of the second element of the compound to variants of burgh "town, fortified dwelling" (see BOROUGH).
— Germanic *bergan- has been associated with *berga- "hill, mountain" (see BARROW entry 1), on the assumption that a high place would be a place of refuge, though the Indo-European base underlying *berga- is *bherǵh-, not *bhergh-.
An etymon bherǵh-, however, would rule out the clearly related Balto-Slavic forms, which do not have a palatovelar stop. The link could only be maintained if the Balto-Slavic base was borrowed from Germanic, but the full display of ablaut and diversification of meaning in Slavic make borrowing unlikely.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Verb
Middle English herberwen, herborewen "to lodge, give shelter to,"
going back to Old English herebeorgian, going back to Germanic *haribergōjan-
(whence also Middle Dutch herbergen "to provide shelter for,"
Old High German heribergōn "to set up quarters for an army, stay as a guest,"
Old Norse herbergja "to shelter [a person], lodge"), derivative of *haribergō- "shelter for an armed force" — more at HARBOR entry 1
Dictionary of Problem Words and Expression
Port & harbor
A portis a place where ships load and unload;
A harboris a body of water providing protection for ships.
Although the terms are somewhat loosely used interchangeably,
port applies particularly to the town or city,
including its commercial aspects, that provides a harbor:
“New York is a great port city with an excellent harbor,”
Both port and harbor have a meaning of “haven,”
a place of comfort, rest, and security: “
any old port in a storm”; “a harbor for weary travelers.”
