2020-11-18
ศัพท์ น่าสับสน ชุด O - obsolete & obsolescent
การใช้ภาษาอังกฤษ ที่ถือว่า ถูกต้องนี้ เป็นไปตามมาตรฐานการใช้ภาษา
การใช้คำอังกฤษ ไม่กำหนดมาตฐาน ถือตามส่วนใหญ่ที่ใช้แต่ละท้องถิ่น
ความหมาย อาจยืดหยุ่น ขึ้นอยู่กับ ตำแหน่ง/หน้าที่ ในประโยค
Dictionary.com
ออกเสียง obsolete = ‘ob-suh-LEET’ or ‘OB-suh-leet’
ออกเสียง obsolescent = ‘ob-suh-LES-uhnt’
Dictionary.com
USAGE NOTE FOR OBSOLETE
Terms and definitions labeled Obsolete
in this dictionary have not been in widespread use
since the mid 1700s.
Unlike some relatively familiar archaic words and phrases, like prithee and thou art,
obsolete words and phrases are not easily understood by a modern reader,
and obsolete senses of current terms,
as found in definitions 13, 14, and 15 of nice,
are even more difficult for a contemporary reader to recognize.
Collins English Dictionary
ˈobsoˌletely adv
ˈobsoˌleteness n
Usage:
The word obsoleteness is hardly everused,
obsolescence standing as the noun form
for both obsolete and obsolescent
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Choose the Right Synonym for obsolete
Adjective
OLD, ANCIENT, VENERABLE, ANTIQUE, ANTIQUATED, ARCHAIC, OBSOLETE mean having come into existence or use in the more or less distant past.
OLD may apply to either actual or merely relative length of existence. old houses an old sweater of mine
ANCIENT applies to occurrence, existence, or use in or survival from the distant past. ancient accounts of dragons
VENERABLE stresses the impressiveness and dignity of great age. the family's venerable patriarch
ANTIQUE applies to what has come down from a former or ancient time. collected antique Chippendale furniture
ANTIQUATED implies being discredited or outmoded or otherwise inappropriate to the present time. antiquated teaching methods
ARCHAIC implies having the character or characteristics of a much earlier time. the play used archaic language to convey a sense of period
OBSOLETE may apply to something regarded as no longer acceptable or useful even though it is still in existence. a computer that makes earlier models obsolete
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Words at Play
"Archaic" and "Obsolete": What'sthe Difference?
When Does the Dictionary Use These Labels?
Ever looked up a word and seen one of the definitions
labeled as archaic or obsolete?
Why do we use them, and what's the difference?
Dictionaries acknowledge the passage of time with statuslabels.
We employ two such labels: obsolete and archaic.
The Explanatory Notes of the Collegiate
describe the useful distinction:
The temporal label obsolete means that there is no evidence of use since 1755:
perdu ...noun ...obsolete
government ...noun ...2 obsolete
Though style rules can seem arbitrary, the date 1755 is anything but:
it represents a milestone in the English language,
the publication of Samuel Johnson's Dictionary.
Johnson's work was in many ways the first modern monolingual dictionary of English.
It included not just "hard" words (as was standard in 17th century dictionaries) but household words,
and used quotations from great writers to illustrate meaning.
The comprehensive nature of Johnson's research
produced a kind of census of the language of mid-18th century Britain.
The label archaic means that "a word or sense once in common use is found today only sporadically or in special contexts"
– words such as thee and thou that we may still hear today,
but that convey the tone of a bygone or more formal era in prayers and poetry.
Although these words are still used and recognized, it is almost always with a stylistic nod to the past.
So, you might still see and hear words labeled archaic,
but they're used to evoke a different time.
Words carrying the obsolete label, by contrast, will only be encountered when visiting the literature of the past,
such as the works of Shakespeare,
who used such words as the verb commune and the adjective accountant.
Words from the mid to late-20th century, however much millenials might disagree, are not considered archaic.
Dictionary of Problem Words and Expression
Obsolete & obsolescent
Obsolete means “no longer in general use,” “discarded,” “out of date”:
“In most sections of this country, the horse and buggy is an obsolete means of transportation.”
“’Gramercy’ is an obsolete word for ‘thanks.’”
Obsolescent means “becoming outdated, outmoded, or out of use.”
Something obsolete has largely been discarded;
something obsolescent is in the process of being discarded:
“The bow and arrow is an obsolete weapon in warfare; the battleship is obsolescent.”
