2020-09-09
170910-2 คำชวนสับสน ในการใช้ ชุด D – Defuse & diffuse
การใช้ภาษาอังกฤษ ที่ถือว่า ถูกต้อง ในที่นี้ เป็นไป ตามมาตรฐาน ของภาษา
การใช้ภาษาอังกฤษ ไม่กำหนดมาตฐาน ถือตามส่วนใหญ่ที่ใช้แต่ละท้องถิ่น
ความหมาย อาจยืดหยุ่น ขึ้นอยู่กับ ตำแหน่ง/หน้าที่ ในประโยค
Dictionary.com
ออกเสียง “defuse” = “dee-FYOOZ”
ออกเสียง “diffuse” =
กริยา = “dih-FYOOZ”
คุณศัพท์ = “dih-FYOOS”
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
defuse or diffuse?
Many people find it difficult to remember
the difference between defuse and diffuse,
and when faced with the need for one of these words
simply grab whichever one first comes to mind.
But it needn’t be this way:
the meanings of these two are quite a bit different,
and there is a simple way to differentiate between them.
Defuse is formed by adding the prefix de- to the word fuse;
you are removing the fuse (either literally or figuratively)
when you defuse a situation, much as defanging something entails removing the fangs.
Diffuse, when used as a verb, tends to carry meanings such as “spread” or “scatter.”
Additionally, diffuse is the only one which may be found used as an adjective.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Usage Notes
'Diffuse' vs. 'Defuse'
Let us defuse the usage bomb that is 'diffuse/defuse' confusion
What to Know
Diffuse can be used as a verb meaning "to spread out"
or an adjective meaning "spread out" or "not concentrated."
It is often confused with defuse which can only be a verb originally meaning "to take the fuse off a bomb" but now usually means "to make less dangerous or tense."
Meaning of Diffuse
First off, only one is ever an adjective:
diffuse as an adjective most often means "not concentrated or localized,"
as in "diffuse lighting" or "a diffuse scent."
It also means "being at once verbose and ill-organized,"
as in "a diffuse explanation that failedto provide any information."
It comes from a Latin word meaning "to spread out."
It's when we venture into verb territory, though, that things can get muddled.
Diffuse the verb comes directly from the adjective:
something diffuse can be said to have diffused or been diffused.
That is, it has spread out, or has been spread out, both literally and figuratively.
Consider the following undeniably difficult situation:
Sounds like things are getting tense with these roomies.
Perhaps there's a way to, ahem, diffuse the situation.
But that, dear friends, is NOT it.
One does not diffuse a situation, unless one is spreading it out,
which, we assert, is hard to do.
No, the word called for in the sentence above is defuse.
It's an entirely different word, although it sounds almost identical to diffuse:
Meaning of Defuse
Defuse is a World War II relic, and in its original meaning
it is merely a sum of its parts: de- and fuse.
It means "to remove the fuse from (a mine, a bomb, etc.)."
Its figurative meaning developed quickly after,
and is now the meaning most of us are most likely to encounter:
"to make less harmful, potent, or tense."
While situations are hard to spread, situations can,
with a little luck, be made less tense,
which is why when it comes to dealing with situations, defuse is your word.
In summary: Diffuse is both a verb and an adjective,
and refers to the spreading of something, or making it less concentrated.
Defuse functions only as a verb and means "to remove the fuse from something."
Abused, Confused, & Misused Words
Defuse หมายถึง
to remove the fuse from; to make less dangerous or tense:
His apology defused a potentially ugly situation.
Not to be confused with:
diffuse – to pour out and spread; to scatter widely or thinly; disseminate: diffuse the seeds
COMMON ERRORS IN ENGLISH USAGE
DEFUSE/DIFFUSE
You defuse a dangerous situation by treating it like a bomb and removing its fuse;
to diffuse, in contrast, is to spread something out:
“Bob’s cheap cologne diffused throughout the room, wrecking the wine-tasting."
The A-Z of Correct English Common Errors in English
อธิบาย คำ “defuse” และ “diffuse” ที่ออกเสียงใกล้เคียง แต่ต่างความหมาย
ว่า กริยา ”defuse” หมายถึง “การถอดชนวน จากระเบิด” หรือ
“การทำให้สถานการณ์ ที่อันตราย/รุนแรง ลดลง” เช่น
‘Explosives specialists tried to defuse the grenade.’
‘He had the ability to defuse tense moment with humor.’
และว่า กริยา “diffuse” หมายถึง “ริน/กระจาย” ออกไปในวงกว้าง เช่น
‘The problem is how to diffuse power without creating anarchy.’
‘The moon was fuller than the night before, but the light was diffused by cloud.’
