2023-06-02 ศัพท์ น่าสับสน ชุด J – Judicial & judicious
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Dictionary.com
ออกเสียง Judicial = ‘joo-DISH-uhl’
ออกเสียง judicious = ‘joo-DISH-uhs’
NECTEC’S LEXITRON DICTIONARY
ให้คำแปล Judicial = เกี่ยวกับการพิจารณาคดี
ให้คำแปล judicious = adj. สุขุม รอบคอบ
Dictionary of Problem Words and Expression
Judicial & Judicious
Although these words have a common Latin base
meaning, “judgment”
they have different uses today.
Judicial refers only to justice, courts of law, and judges:
“Judicial proceedings are likely to be slow and involved.”
“The attorney tried to assume a look of Judicial gravely.”
“There is a difference between the Judicial and legislative operations of a government.”
Judicious, like Judicial, refers to wise and balanced judgment
but is not restricted to concerns of law and justice
and has added meaning of “discreet,” “prudent,”
and “expedient”:
“Try to make Judicious use of your money.”
“After careful examination of those present,
Sam made a Judicious choice of a dancing partner,”
Abused, Confused, & Misused Words by Mary Embree
judicial
= pertaining to a judge;
= judging; forensic
Not to be confused with:
judicious = using sound judgment; practical
Dictionary.com
SYNONYM STUDY FOR JUDICIOUS
Judicious & judicial
both refer to a balanced and wise judgment.
Judicious implies the possession and use
of discerning and discriminating judgment:
a judicious use of one's time.
Judicial has connotations of
judgments made in a courtroom
and refers to a fair and impartial kind of judgment:
cool and judicial in examining the facts.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Choose the Right Synonym for judicious
WISE, SAGE, SAPIENT, JUDICIOUS, PRUDENT, SENSIBLE, SANE
mean having or showing sound judgment.
WISE suggests great understanding of people and of situations
and unusual discernment
and judgment in dealing with them.
wise beyond his tender years
SAGE suggests wide experience, great learning, and wisdom.
the sage advice of my father
SAPIENT suggests great sagacity and discernment. the sapient musings of an old philosopher
JUDICIOUS stresses a capacity for reaching wise decisions
or just conclusions.
judicious parents using kindness and discipline in equal measure
PRUDENT suggests the exercise of restraint
guided by sound practical wisdom and discretion.
a prudent decision to wait out the storm
SENSIBLE applies to action guided and restrained
by good sense and rationality.
a sensible woman who was not fooled by flattery
SANE stresses mental soundness, rationality, and level headedness.
remained sane even in times of crises
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Usage Notes
'Judicial' v. 'Judicious': We'll Settle The Case
If your judgment is sound, use 'judicious.'
What to Know
Judicious and judicial have close origins
but their meaning shave split in modern English.
"Judicious" means "having or exercising good judgement,"
while "judicial" is reserved more strictly
for subjects relating to judges and law,
such as the "judicial branch" of government.
The adjectives judicial and judicious
are close etymological relatives,
which often leads people to believe that
they have meanings that overlap.
At one time they did, indeed, share a sense:
"having or exercising sound judgment";
however, in modern English,
only judicious is used in that sense.
Before examining current usage of both words,
let's look at their dossiers
to see how this overlap in the past came about
—and if you have ever made "a judicial decision"
and thought that meant it was based on sound reasoning,
we'll see if that usage should be, uh, overruled.
Origins of Judicious and Judicial: Judex
Judicial is the older, first recorded in the 14th century.
It is ultimately from the Latin noun judex.
In Roman law, that noun denoted
"an individual appointed to hear and determine a case,"
or, more simply, "a judge."
Judex was formed from jus, meaning "law or right,"
and the ending -dic or -dex—from the verb dicere,
meaning "to decide" or "to say."
Judex passed into Anglo-French and was taken into English
in the 1300s, becoming the noun judge.
(The Latin verb judicare became juger in Anglo-French
and was also borrowed into English—earlier, in the 13th century—as juggen.
In time, that Middle English word
evolved into the modern verb judge.)
From judex was also derived the Latin noun judicium,
which was used for such things as legal proceedings or a trial,
a panel of judges, a judgment or verdict,
or a considered opinion.
Judicium, in turn, became the source of
the Latin adjectives judicialis (adopted into English as judicial)
and judiciarius (adopted as judiciary,
which is often seen in the phrase "judiciary committee,"
referring to a committee that oversees the administration of justice).
In French, justicium was used to form the adjective judicieux,
which English borrowed in the late 16th century
as judicious, meaning "having or exercising sound judgment."
Modern Distinction
Although linguistic cousins, the distinction, nowadays,
between the words' principal senses remains clear:
judicial has to do primarily with judges and the law
(as in "judicial power" and "the judicial branch of the government"),
while judicious has come to suggest
sound judgment of a general kind (as in "a fair and judicious critic," "a judicious shopper," or " a judicious use of resources")
.
Historically, however, that was not always the case.
Apparently, the notion that a person making a judicial decision
in accordance with law is making a judicious one as well
(being within good reason)
led people to use the words interchangeably.
During the 17th century,
judicious was commonly used as a synonym for judicial.
This use of judicial in place of judicious is understandable,
but it is not common and the majority rules against it.
Most writers will choose judicious in its place,
and you may want to, too,
to avoid being put on trial for adjective misuse.
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