2021-04-17
ศัพท์ น่าสับสน ชุด – A – all & all of
แนะนำการใช้ ตามที่ส่วนใหญ่ใช้ แต่ละท้องถิ่น
ความหมาย อาจผันแปร ตาม ตำแหน่ง/หน้าที่ ในประโยค
Dictionary.com
ออกเสียง all = ‘AWL’
Abused, Confused, & Misused Words by Mary Embree
All = the totalentity of:
All of us are going.;
= whole number or amount:
giving it all away
Not to be confused with:
awl = a pointed tool for boring holes:
The carpenter used an awl to make a hole for the doorknob.
Dictionary.com
USAGE NOTE FOR ALL
Expressionslike all the farther and all the higher
occur chiefly in informal speech:
This is all the farther the bus goes.
That's all the higher she can jump.
Elsewhere as far as and as high as are generally used:
This is as far as the bus goes. That's as high as she can jump.
Although some object to the inclusion of of
in such phrases as all ofthe students
and all of the contracts and prefer to omit it,
the construction is entirely standard.
See also already, alright, altogether.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Choose the Right Synonym for all
Adjective
mean including everythingor everyone without exception.
WHOLE implies that nothing has been omitted, ignored, abated, or taken away.
read the whole book
ENTIRE may suggest a state of completeness or perfection to which nothing can be added.
the entire population was wiped out
TOTAL implies that everything has been counted, weighed, measured, or considered.
the total number of people present
ALL mayequal WHOLE, ENTIRE, or TOTAL.
all proceeds go to charity
American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language,
All
Usage Note:
The construction all that is used informally
in questions and negative sentences
to mean "to the degree expected."
In the late 1960s, the Usage Panel rejected its use,
but resistance to all that has waned dramatically.
In our 2016 survey, 87 percent of the Panel found
the construction acceptable in the sentence
The movie is not all that interesting.
Some stigma lingers, however;
many of the Panelists who accepted this example sentence
commented that this use of all that would be much less acceptable
in formal writing than in colloquial speech.
Sentences of the form All X's are not Y may be ambiguous.
All of the departments did not file a report
may mean that some departments did not file, or that none did.
The first meaning can be expressed unambiguously by the sentence
Not all of the departments filed a report.
The second meaning can be more clearly phrased as
None of the departments filed a report or
All of the departments failed to file a report.
The same problem can arise with other universal terms
such as every in negated sentences,
as in the ambiguous
Every department did not file a report.
See Usage Note at every.
Word History:
In the late 17th and early 18th centuries,
groups of immigrants from southwestern Germany, Alsace,
and Switzerland settled in Pennsylvania.
The groups spoke closely related dialects of German
that eventually merged into a new, distinctly American variety of German
that came to be known as Pennsylvania Dutch.
(The word Dutch in this expression comes from Deitsch,
the Pennsylvania German equivalent of Deutsch,
the standard German word for "German."
The spelling of the word as Dutch has
undoubtedly been influenced by the English word Dutch.
English Dutch comes from the Middle Dutch word Dūtsch,
meaning "Dutch" or "German,"
that is the Dutch equivalent of the German word Deutsch.)
Pennsylvania Dutch, which is still spoken in some communities in Pennsylvania today
—notably by the Amish
—has contributed a number of words to American English,
including dunk, hex, smearcase, snollygoster, spritz,
and perhaps snickerdoodle.
The dialect has also left other traces in the grammar
and usage of English in Pennsylvania.
For instance, in German, the word alle, literally meaning "all,"
can be used idiomatically to mean "all gone, used up, at an end."
The standard German sentence Der Kaffee ist alle
(word for word, "The coffee is all") means "The coffee is all gone"
or "The coffee has been used up," for example.
Some Pennsylvanians, too, may say The coffee is all
to mean "The coffee is all gone"—
the use of the English word all to mean "all gone"
reflects the influence of Pennsylvania Dutch
and reminds us of the days when many Pennsylvanians
were bilingual in English and Pennsylvania Dutch
and would switch back and forth between them in their daily lives.
Random House Kernerman Webster's College Dictionary
usage:
Expressions like all the farther and all the higher
occur chiefly in informal speech:
This is all the farther the bus goes.
That's all the higher she can jump.
Elsewhere as far as and as high as are generally used:
as far as the bus goes; as high as she can jump.
The construction all of
(all of the students; all of the contracts)
is entirely standard.
Some people object to it, however, and omit the of.
See also already, alright, altogether.
Collins COBUILD English Usage
all
1. used as a determiner
You use all immediately in front of the plural form of a noun
to talk about every thing or person of a particular kind.
When you use all in front of the plural form of a noun,
you use a plural form of a verb after it.
There is built-in storage space in all bedrooms.
All boys like to eat.
You can use all immediately in front of an uncountable noun
when you are making a general statement about something.
When you use all in front of an uncountable noun,
you use a singular form of a verb after it.
All research will be done by experts.
All crime is serious.
2. used with other determiners
If you want to say something about every thing or person in a group,
you use all or all of, followed by the, these, those,
or a possessive determiner, followed by the plural form of a noun.
Staff are checking all the books to make sure they are suitable.
All my friends came to my wedding.
All of the defendants were proved guilty.
If you want to say something about the whole of a particular thing,
you use all or all of, followed by the, this, that,
or a possessive determiner,
followed by an uncountable noun or the singular form of a countable noun.
They carried all the luggage into the hall.
I want to thank you for all your help.
I lost all of my money.
3. used in front of pronouns
You can use all or all of in front of the pronouns
this, that, these, and those.
Oh dear, what are we going to do about all this?
Maybe all of that is true, but that's not what I asked.
However, in front of personal pronouns you must use all of.
Don't use 'all'.
Listen, all of you.
It would be impossible to list all of it in one programme.
Don't use 'we' or 'they' after all of.
Instead you use us or them.
He discussed it with all of us.
All of them were tired.
4. used after the subject
All can also be used after the subject of a clause.
For example, instead of saying 'All our friends came',
you can say 'Our friends all came'.
When there is no auxiliary verb, all goes in front of the verb,
unless the verb is be.
We all felt guilty.
If the verb is be, all goes after be.
They were all asleep.
If there is an auxiliary verb, you put all after it.
It will all be over soon.
If there is more than one auxiliary verb,
you put all after the first one.
The drawers had all been opened.
All can also come after the direct or indirect object of a verb
when this object is a personal pronoun.
We treat them all with care.
I admire you all.
5. used as a pronoun
All can be a pronoun meaning 'everything' or 'the only thing'.
It is often used like this in front of a relative clause.
It was the result of all that had happened previously.
All I remember is his first name.
6. 'every'
Every has a similar meaning to all. 'Every teacher was at the meeting' means the same
as 'All the teachers were at the meeting'.
However, there is a difference between all and every
when you use them with expressions of time.
For example, if you spend all day doing something,
you spend the whole of one day doing it.
If you do something every day, you keep doing it each day.
The airport was closed all morning after the accident.
She goes running every morning.
Dictionary of Problem Words in English
All
When preceding a pronoun, all must be followed by of
(all of them, not all them or all us)
When all is followed by a noun, of may be omitted
and often isby speakers and writers
who wish to avoid using an unnecessary word:
“All (or
all of) the workers went on strike.”
