2020-12-08
ศัพท์ น่าสับสน ชุด P – Propose & purpose
แนะนำการใช้ ตามที่ส่วนใหญ่ใช้ แต่ละท้องถิ่น
ความหมาย อาจผันแปร ตาม ตำแหน่ง/หน้าที่ ในประโยค
Dictionary.com
ออกเสียง Propose = ‘pruh-POHZ’
ออกเสียง purpose = ‘PUR-puhs’
Abused, Confused, & Misused Words by Mary Embree
Propose =
to offer a matter for consideration; suggest:
He proposed an item for the agenda.;
to make an offer:
propose marriage; proffer, tender, present
Not to be confused with:
prepose – to place (a grammatical form) before a related grammatical form:
The adverb “out” of “put the light out” is preposed in “put out the light.”
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Choose the Right Synonym for purpose
Noun
INTENTION, INTENT, PURPOSE, DESIGN, AIM, END, OBJECT, OBJECTIVE, GOAL
mean what one intends to accomplish or attain.
INTENTION implies little more than what one has in mind to do or bring about.
announced his intention to marry
INTENT suggests clearer formulation or greater deliberateness.
the clear intent of the statute
PURPOSE suggests a more settled determination.
being successful was her purpose in life
DESIGN implies a more carefully calculated plan.
the order of events came by accident, not design
AIM adds to these implications of effort directed toward attaining or accomplishing.
her aim was to raise film to an art form
END stresses the intended effect of action often in distinction or contrast to the action or means as such.
willing to use any means to achieve his end
OBJECT may equal END but more often applies to a more individually determined wish or need.
his constant object was the achievement of pleasure
OBJECTIVE implies something tangible and immediately attainable.
their objective is to seize the oil fields
GOAL suggests something attained only by prolonged effort and hardship.
worked years to reach her goals
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Usage Notes
'For All Intensive Purposes': An Eggcorn
What's an "intensive" purpose, anyway?
What to Know
For all intents and purposes is a phrase meaning "essentially" or "in effect."
It is often mistaken as for all intensive purposes
because when spoken aloud these two phrases sound very similar.
These mistakes,
where incorrect words and phrases are replaced
but the meaning remains the same, are known as eggcorns.
In a 1546 Act of Parliament, the phrase "to all intents, constructions, and purposes"
was used to convey that King Henry VIII had unlimited power to interpret laws.
Apparently, the people of England took a liking to the phrase
—just not the "constructions" part.
Thereafter, the phrase began appearing in legal documents and other writings
in forms such as "to all intents" and"to all intents and purposes."
Nowadays, the latter phrase has survived—chiefly in British English
—and "for all intents and purposes" was popularized in AmericanEnglish.
What Does For All Intents and Purposes Mean?
Both constructions imply that one thing may not be exactly like another thing
but it, nevertheless, has the same effect or gives the same result.
In other words, the phrase means "in effect" or "essentially."
In January, 2011, Jennings and another former champion, Brad Rutter, played a two-game match against the computer, which was filmed in a single day.
Heading into the final "Final Jeopardy!," the humans were so far behind that, for all intents and purposes, they were finished. — Elizabeth Kolbert, The New Yorker, 19 Dec. 2016
In many ways, a composer's job could be seen as one of the toughest in film—music, to all intents and purposes, ultimately shapes the tone a director can only hope to convey; the score a key contribution to the success of the end product's outcome. — Jacob Stolworthy, The Independent, 3 Nov. 2017
What is an Eggcorn?
When spoken aloud, you may find that "for all intents and purposes"
sounds a lot like "for all intensive purposes,"
but that does not legitimize the latter as a variant.
Intensive is an adjective, meaning "highly concentrated" or "exhaustive," and
intents is a noun, meaning "purposes." They're not exactly interchangeable. (That aside, what exactly is "a highly concentrated purpose"? We're not sure, either.) Nevertheless, you will encounter "for all intensive purposes" in both speech and print.
Finally, it must be noted that Dayton vowed to make long-term structural changes to the state budget to avoid deficits. For all intensive purposes, those appear to be lacking.— The St. Cloud (Minnesota) Times, 29 Apr. 2013
When Kokta hit a baseline jumper with 3:18 left in the first it was 11-0 and for all intensive purposes the game was over. — The Milwaukee (Wisconsin) Journal Sentinel, 20 Dec. 2012
Static prices, in combination with pressures on household budgets, finding sufficient deposit monies, and the overall uncertainty over the economy as a whole, has meant that Britain's housing market has to all intensive purposes kicked off the New Year in a rather sluggish manner. — The Birmingham Post, 16 Feb. 2012
When mistaken formations of words or phrases
are used in a seemingly logical or plausibleway,
like "for all intensive purposes,"
it's known as an eggcorn.
(The word eggcorn itself comes from people hearing the word
acorn as eggcorn enough that linguists adopted it as the term.)
A similar mishearing that is a linguistic venial sin
goes by the name mondegreen.
Unlike a mondegreen, however, an eggcorn generally retains
the same meaning as the original form (e.g., "for all intensive purposes").
Perhaps, you were one of the schoolchildren who stood up each morning, hand on heart,
to pledge allegiance "to the Republic for Richard Stans"
(instead of "to the Republic for which it stands").
If so, you've been duped by the mondegreen.
One of the earliest recorded examples of the eggcorn "for all intensive purposes"
is in a May 1870 issue of the Indiana newspaper The Fort Wayne Daily Gazette:
He has never had a representative in Congress nor in the State Legislature nor in any municipal office, and to all intensive purposes, politically speaking, he might have well have been dead.
This use of the phrase in an edited newspaper
implies that it was already commonly used in speech
—enough so that it escaped the eyes of the writer of the article,
those of a copyeditor, and probably a majority of readers.
If you're one of the many whose eyes twitch when they see this eggcorn,
consider this article your vindication.
If it's coming as news to you, this is why that editor/friend/Internet stranger got so mad.
Should you decide to throw caution to the wind and enjoy "intensive purposes"
in the future, we suggest restricting it to speech. There's much less of a paper trail there.
Collins COBUILD English Usage
propose
1. suggestions
If someone proposes a plan or idea,
they suggest it so that other people can think about it and decide on it.
British Airways has proposed a one-way surcharge of $57.
This would help them to become accustomed to the methods we proposed.
You can say that someone proposes that something should be done
or proposes that something be done.
They proposed that political strikes should be made illegal.
The staff association proposed that a mediator be nominated.
2. intentions
However, if you intend to do something yourself,
you can say that you propose to do it.
I propose to focus attention on one type of resource.
I propose to undertake a further and thorough review of the documentary evidence.
You can also say that you propose doing something.
So what do you propose doing now?
I do not propose to get deeply involved in it.
I do not propose to discuss this matter.
Dictionary of Problem Words and Expression
Propose & purpose
In the meaning of “to intend,” these words are interchangeable:
“I propose (or purpose) to go to headquarters myself.”
Propose, much the more commonly usedword,
also means “to suggest” and “to nominate”:
“I propose that we send Jim.”
Propose is pronounced “pruh-POHZ,”
Purpose is pronounced “PUHR-puhs,”
but as a verb it may be pronounced “PUHR-puhs,” or “puhr-POSE”
One purposes for oneself; one proposes to others.
