2020-12-08
ศัพท์ น่าสับสน ชุด P – Prone & supine
แนะนำการใช้ ตามที่ส่วนใหญ่ใช้ แต่ละท้องถิ่น
ความหมาย อาจผันแปร ตาม ตำแหน่ง/หน้าที่ ในประโยค
Dictionary.com
ออกเสียง Prone = ‘PROHN’
ออกเสียง supine – Adj.= ’soo-PAHYN’ – Noun = ‘SOO-pahyn’
Farlex Trivia Dictionary.
Prone
Bellicose orients "prone to fighting" toward an individual,
while belligerentrefers to an organized body,
a national or politicalentity
—a person is bellicose,a nation is belligerent.
Grovel is a back-formation from groveling
—which first meant "face downward in a prone or prostrate position."
Prone is lying on your face
—facing downwards
—which is also true for prostrate,
but only in expressing adoration
or begging for protection;
supine is lying on your back.
- kratogen –
The dormant area of land lying next to one that is prone to earthquakes.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Choose the Right Synonym for prone
PRONE, SUPINE, PROSTRATE, RECUMBENT
mean lying down.
PRONE implies a position with the front of the body turned toward the supporting surface.
push-ups require a prone position
SUPINE implieslying on one's back and suggests inertness or abjectness.
lying supine on the couch
PROSTRATE implies lying full-length as in submission, defeat, or physical collapse.
a runner fell prostrate at the finish line
RECUMBENT implies the posture of one sleeping or resting.
a patient comfortably recumbent in a hospital bed
The Difference Between Prone, Supine, and Prostrate
In literal use,
prone and supine indicate contrasting positions of the body:
a person lying prone is facing downward
while a person lying supine is face up.
Both prone and supine also have meanings
that have nothing to do with physical position.
Supine, in keeping with the image of one lying comfortably idle,
can be applied to those who are willing to be controlledby others,
or who show mental or moral slackness,
as in "supine obedience" or "supine inaction."
Prone is used in the sense of "having a tendency or inclination,"
as in "prone to worry" or "accident-prone."
This usage is similar to such words as apt, liable, or likely
(as in "apt to be late"),
but in many instances prone implies a vulnerability to attack or damaging influence,
in keeping with the image of one lying face down and unable to see what is approaching.
The word prostrate toohas meanings to do with body position.
It is used with the very specificmeaning
of "stretched out with face on the ground in adoration or submission,"
but is also used simply to mean "lying flat."
In figurative use,
prostrate means "completely overcome and lacking vitality, will, or power to rise,"
as in "prostrate in fear."
So while prone, supine, and prostrate
have specific meanings with regard to body position,
they also come with situational connotations in many cases:
prone suggests exposure or vulnerability;
supine connotes a position of weakness or passivity; and
prostrate implies submission in the face of being overcome.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Choose the Right Synonym for supine
Adjective
PRONE, SUPINE, PROSTRATE, RECUMBENT
mean lying down.
PRONE implies a position with the front of the body turned toward the supporting surface.
push-ups require a prone position
SUPINE implies lying on one's back and suggests inertness or abjectness.
lying supine on the couch
PROSTRATE implies lying full-length as in submission, defeat, or physical collapse.
a runner fell prostrate at the finish line
RECUMBENT implies the posture of one sleeping or resting.
a patient comfortably recumbent in a hospital bed
INACTIVE, IDLE, INERT, PASSIVE, SUPINE
mean not engaged in work or activity.
INACTIVE applies to anyone or anything not in action or in operation or at work.
on inactive status as an astronaut inactive accounts
IDLE applies to persons that are not busy or occupied or to their powers or their implements.
workers were idle in the fields
INERT as applied to things implies powerlessness to move or to affect other things;
as applied to persons it suggests an inherent or habitual indisposition to activity.
inert ingredients in drugs an inert citizenry
PASSIVE implies immobility or lack of normally expected response to an external force or influence
and often suggests deliberate submissiveness orself-control.
passive resistance
SUPINE applies only to persons and commonly implies abjectness or indolence.
a supine willingness to play the fool
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
The Difference Between Prone, Supine, and Prostrate
Adjective
In literal use,
prone and supine indicate contrasting positions of the body:
a person lying prone is facing downward while a person lying supine is face up.
Both prone and supine also have meanings that have nothing to do with physical position.
Supine, in keeping with the image of one lying comfortably idle,
can be applied to those who are willing to be controlled by others,
or who show mental or moral slackness, as in"supine obedience" or "supine inaction."
Prone is used in the sense of "having a tendency or inclination,"
as in "prone to worry" or "accident-prone."
This usage is similar to such words as apt, liable, or likely (as in "apt to be late"),
but in many instances
prone implies a vulnerability to attack or damaging influence,
in keeping with the image of one lying face down and unable to see what is approaching.
The word prostrate too has meanings to do with body position.
It is used with the very specific meaning of
"stretched out with face on the ground in adoration or submission,"
but is also used simply to mean "lying flat."
In figurative use,
prostrate means "completely overcome and lacking vitality, will, or power to rise,"
as in "prostrate in fear."
So while prone, supine, and prostrate
have specific meanings with regard to body position,
they also come with situational connotations in many cases:
prone suggests exposure or vulnerability;
supine connotes a position of weakness or passivity; and
prostrate implies submission in the face of being overcome
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Usage Notes
Prone vs. Supine vs. Prostrate
Laying out the differences
What to Know
Regarding body positioning,
prone generally means lying face down,
supine means lying face up, and
prostrate means stretched out lying flat, often submissively.
The words also have other uses where
"prone" can mean "having a tendency" and connotes vulnerability,
while "supine" suggests a "willful inactivity or lethargy."
Meanings of Prone and Supine
In general use,
prone and supine indicate contrasting positions of the body:
a person lying prone is facing downwardwhile a person lying supine is face up.
If you didn't already know this distinction,
you can sometimes infer it from clues in the context:
Just now, she chose to drink from the creek, lying prone on the ground, her face half-buried in the water, and this, not because she was thirsty, but because it was a new way to drink.
—Frank Norris, The Octopus: A Story of California, 1901
You could visit the aft cabin by lying supine on a wheeled cart and pulling yourself along an overhead rope through a tunnel 85 feet long and two feet in diameter.—Daniel Ford, Air & Space, April/May 1996
Non-physical Definitions
Both prone and supine also have meanings
that have nothing to do with physical position.
Supine, with its image of one lying comfortably idle,
shows use in the sense of "mentally or morally slack" or "permissively inactive":
Prone is used in the sense of "having a tendency or inclination,"
as in "prone to worry" or "accident-prone."
This usage is similar to such words as apt, liable, or likely (as in "apt to be late"),
but in many instances prone implies a vulnerability to attack or damaging influence,
much like one who is lying face down and cannot see what is approaching:
Prostrate Meaning
And then there is prostrate,
which means "stretched out with face on the ground in adoration or submission"
or "completely overcome and lacking vitality, will, or power to rise."
So while prone, supine, and prostrate have specific meanings with regard to position,
they also come with situational connotationsin many cases:
prone suggests exposure or vulnerability;
supine connotes a position of willful inactivity; and
prostrate often describes a giving in to forces of lethargy or submission.
In summary:
A person lying prone is facing downward.
A person lying supine is face up.
Prostrate can be applied to someone either face up or face down:
a prostrate person is eitherstretched out
with their face on the ground in adoration or submission,or simply lying flat.
Common Errors In English Usage Dictionary
“Prone” (face down) is often confused with
“supine” (face up).
“Prostrate” technically also means “face down,”
but is most often used to mean simply “devastated.”
See also “prostate/prostrate.”
