2020-11-05
ศัพท์ น่าสับสน ชุด P – Prerogative
แนะนำการใช้ ตามที่ส่วนใหญ่ใช้ แต่ละท้องถิ่น
ความหมาย อาจผันแปร ตาม ตำแหน่ง/หน้าที่ ในประโยค
Dictionary.com
ออกเสียง Prerogative = ‘pri (puh)-ROG-uh-tiv’
Dictionary.com
HISTORICAL USAGE OF PREROGATIVE
The English noun prerogative has always been a legal or political term,
first in Latin, then in Old French and Anglo-French.
In Latin, praerogātīva was the tribe or century
(a company of soldiers, also one of the units into which Roman citizens were assigned for voting) to which the first vote fell by lot (this vote was counted before the other centuries or tribes voted and was very influential).
Praerogātīva also meant “the verdict or vote of this tribe or century; a prior verdict, election, right, or claim.”
Medieval Latin developed the sense ““a previous choice, sure sign, special right, privilege,” and in Anglo-French and Old French prerogative meant “a privilege accorded to certain dignitaries, a special right or privilege exercised by the monarch.”
By the early 15th century, Middle English prerogative meant “a precedence, superiority, or preeminence,” a meaning now obsolete.
The common thread that remains in the current sensesof the word in English are aspects of meaning related to a right, privilege, or power.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
prerogative
Did You Know?
In ancient Rome, voting at legal assemblies was done by group,
with the majority in a group determining its vote.
The group chosen to vote first on an issue was called the "praerogativa"
(that term traces to a verb meaning "to ask for an opinion before another").
Because the first vote was considered to be of great importance,
Latin speakers also used the noun "praerogativa" to mean "preference"
and later "privilege."
As "praerogativa" passed through Anglo-French and Middle English,
its spelling shifted to create the noun we know today.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
History and Etymology for prerogative
Middle English prerogatif, prerogative, borrowed from Anglo-French, borrowed from Latin praerogātīva
"the Roman century on which the lot fell to vote first, the verdict of that century
(seen as predicting the outcome of the whole vote), omen, prior choice, prior right or claim," (short for centuria praerogātīva "century voting first"), from feminine of praerogātīvus "appointed by lot to vote first," from prae- PRE- + rogātus, past participle of rogāre "to ask, ask (an assembly for a decision)" + -īvus -IVE
— more at ROGATION
NOTE: Latin praerogātīvus was probably formed in the manner indicated,
rather than as a derivative of praerogāre
"to ask or propose beforehand, pay in advance," not attested before the 4th century A.D.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Prerogative
Prerogative had a spike in lookups,
after President Trump announced that he was postponing the upcoming trip of Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi; Trump wrote
“Obviously, if you would like to make your journey by flying commercial, that would certainly be your prerogative.”
We define prerogative as “an exclusive or special right, power, or privilege,"
such as applies to “one belonging to an office or an official body,”
“one belonging to a person, group, or class of individuals,” or
“one possessed by a nation as an attribute of sovereignty."
The word comes from Latin; in ancient Rome a praerogativa
was the word for a group in a legal assembly that was chosen to vote first.
Common Errors in English Usage Dictionary
“Prerogative” is frequently both mispronounced and misspelled as “perogative.”
It may help to remember that the word is associated with
