2020-10-16 ศัพท์ น่าสับสน ชุด I – Impertinent - irrelevant

Revision I

2020-10-16

ศัพท์ น่าสับสน ชุด I – Impertinent - irrelevant

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Dictionary.com

ออกเสียง Impertinent = ‘im-PUR-tn-uhnt’

ออกเสียง irrelevant = ‘ih-REL-uh-vuhnt’

Dictionary.com

SYNONYM STUDY FOR IMPERTINENT

Impertinent, impudent, insolent

refer to bold, rude, and arrogant behavior.

Impertinent, from its primary meaning ofnot pertinent and hence inappropriate or out of place, has come to imply often an unseemly intrusion into what does not concern one, or a presumptuous rudeness toward one entitled to deference or respect:

an impertinent interruption, question, manner toward a teacher.

Impudent suggests a bold and shameless impertinence: an impudent speech, young rascal. Insolent suggests insulting or arrogantly contemptuous behavior:

unbearably insolent toward those in authority.

Dictionary.com

PRONUNCIATION NOTE FOR IRRELEVANT

The pronunciation of irrelevant [ih-rel-uh-vuhnt], as [ih-rev-uh-luhnt],

as if spelled irrevelant, is the result of metathesis, the transposition of two sounds,

in this case, the [l] and the [v].

Relevant, the base word, is occasionally subject to the same process.

Analogy with words like prevalent and equivalent may play a role.

A similar reordering of the [l] and [v] consonant sounds, although not a strict one-to-one metathesis, can be heard for Calvary [kal-vuh-ree] when pronounced [kav-uhl-ree].

Here the transposition is reinforced by the existence of the familiar word cavalry.

Random House Kernerman Webster's College Dictionary,

ir•rel′e•vant•ly, adv.

pron: The pronunciation of irrelevant as (ɪˈrɛv ə lənt) as if spelled irrevelant,

is the result of metathesis, the transposition of two sounds, in this case, the (l) and the (v). relevant, the base word, is occasionally subject to the same process.

Analogy with words like prevalent and equivalent may play a role.

American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language

ir·rel′e·vant·ly adv.

Synonyms: irrelevant, extraneous, immaterial, impertinent
These adjectives mean not pertinent to the subject under consideration:

ignored irrelevant comments during the discussion;

 a question extraneous to the topic of the presentation;

an objection that was declared to be immaterial to the case;

deleted the impertinent facts from the report.

Antonym: relevant

Merriam-Webster Dictionary

Choose the Right Synonym for impertinent

IMPERTINENT, OFFICIOUS, MEDDLESOME, INTRUSIVE, OBTRUSIVE

mean given to thrusting oneself into the affairs of others.

IMPERTINENT implies exceeding the bounds of propriety in showing interest or curiosity or in offering advice. resented their impertinent interference

OFFICIOUS implies the offering of services or attentions that are unwelcome or annoying. officious friends made the job harder

MEDDLESOME stresses an annoying and usually prying interference in others' affairs. a meddlesome landlord

INTRUSIVE implies a tactless or otherwise objectionable thrusting into others' affairs. tried to be helpful without being intrusive

OBTRUSIVE stresses improper or offensive conspicuousness of interfering actions. expressed an obtrusive concern for his safety

Did You Know?

English speakers adopted both impertinent and pertinent from Anglo-French in the 14th century. Both words derive from the present participle of the Latin verb pertinēre, meaning"to pertain." Initially, impertinent was used for things that are simply not relevant. Over time, it came to be usedof things that are not only irrelevant but rudely or inappropriatelyso, and later for people who are just straight-out rude.

Common Errors in English Usage Dictionary

IMPERTINENT/IRRELEVANT

“Impertinent” looks as if it ought to mean the opposite of “pertinent,”

and indeed it once did;

but for centuries now its meaning in ordinary speech has been narrowed to “impudent,” specifically in regard to actions or speech toward someone regarded as socially superior. Only snobs and very oldfashioned people use “impertinent” correctly; most people would be well advised to forget it and use “irrelevant” instead to mean the opposite of “pertinent”