2020-10-05 ศัพท์ ที่มักสับสน ชุด G – Guarantee & guaranty

Revision G

2020-10-05 

151216-4 ศัพท์ ที่มักสับสน ชุด G – Guarantee & guaranty

16 ธันวาคม 2015 12:07 น.

http://www.gotoknow.org/posts/598502

การใช้ภาษาอังกฤษ ที่ถือว่า ถูกต้อง ในที่นี้ เป็นไป ตามมาตรฐาน ของภาษา

การใช้ภาษาอังกฤษ ไม่กำหนดมาตฐาน ถือตามส่วนใหญ่ที่ใช้แต่ละท้องถิ่น

ความหมาย อาจยืดหยุ่น ขึ้นอยู่กับ ตำแหน่ง/หน้าที่ ในประโยค

Dictionary.com

ออกเสียง Guarantee = ‘gar-uhn-TEE’

ออกเสียง Guaranty = ‘GAR-uhn-tee’

Abused, Confused, & Misused Words by Mary Embree

Guarantee หมายถึง

a promise or assurance of quality or durability:

It has a one-year guarantee that covers parts and labor.

Not to be confused with:

guaranty – a warrant; pledge; something taken as security:

He left his gold watch as a guaranty that he would bring the car back.

Dictionary of Problem Words and Expression

Guarantee – guaranty

A guarantee is a promise or assurance that something is of specified content or quality or that it will perform satisfactorily:

“This percolator carries an unconditional five-year guarantee.”

Guarantee and guaranty are synonymous when used to mean a warrant, pledge, or assurance that someone else’s obligation or debt will be fulfilled: “This bond will serve as a guaranty for his appearance in court.”

Guarantee can be used as both noun and verb;

Guaranty is primarily a noun and has limited use as a verb.

Merriam-Webster Dictionary

Word History

Warranty vs. Guarantee

A warranty is a guarantee of the integrity of a product and of the maker’s responsibility for it.

In a sense, guarantee is the more general term

and warranty is the more specific (that is, written and legal) term.

But a closer look at these words shows a relationship that is even closerthan that: they were originally one and the same.

Though today the words have subtly different meanings

—'warranty' is more specific and 'guarantee' is more general—they were originally the same word.

The root of both words is the Old Frenchword garantie, which comes from the verb garantir, meaning“to protect,” “to warrant,” or “to guarantee.”

Unlike most words in French, which descend directly from Latin, this word has roots in the Germanic language spoken by the Franks called Old Low Franconian (an ancestor of modern Dutch).

In French this language is called Francique (pronounced \frahn-seek\)—the language of the Franks. The Old Low Franconian word was warjan, meaning “to guarantee as true.” Germanic words from this period that began with an initial w- sound evolved to begin with gw-, and subsequently lost the w in some areas, leaving only initial g-. In the northernmost dialects of Old French this change never happened, and the w- was simply retained.

Therefore, by the time these words crossed the English Channel some 200 to 300 years later, there were two separate words: warranty and guarantee.

The reason that warranty is spelled with two r's is that it was later influenced by warrant, which developed separately from the same root word.

Both warrant and warranty have legal uses today, but we associate the former with judges and the latter with tiny-print documents that come with new purchases.

Just to make things more complicated, their spellings crossed again in English, with the addition of warrantee (“a person to whom a warranty is made”) and guaranty (“a formal promise to pay a debt”).

Other pairs of words that similarly share original w- roots but added a word that begins with g are guard and ward and gallop and wallop.