The Western Metaphysics
The Western Metaphysics
By. Uthai Eksaphang
Early Greek metaphysics. The Greeks were not religious. The Greeks do not refer to mythology. But the Greeks looked at problems, and they used reasoning to answer them.
In the historical concept of metaphysics The Greeks are divided into 2 periods:
1.Pre-Cartesean Starting from ancient Greece
2.Post-Cartesean Beginning of modernism, he praised Desgard as the father of modern Western metaphysics or philosophy.
Ancient Greek philosophy is divided into 3 periods:
1. The beginning Starting from Thales - before Socrates
2. The heyday began with Socrates - the death of Aristotle.
3. The decline began with the death of Aristotus - Emperor Yusini Anus.
The Greeks are a wonderful tribe. They are geniuses in many subjects. Europeans and Americans developed and utilized the idea of the Greeks. For this reason, Europeans and Americans flourished. Thus the western world is better than the eastern world.
The Myeletus school was the first philosophical school of Greece. Now this office is in Turkey.
A. In the beginning there were 3 important philosophers who were interested in the problem of matter (The Problem Matter). He was interested in the existence (Being) of existing objects in the world and the universe.
1.Thales B.C. 624-546 He was born in Myletus. He was the founder of the Myletus Philosophy.He was the father of ancient Western philosophy.
Thales’s metaphysics.
He questioned What is the primary element of the world ..?
He replied that water is the first element of the world. Because the world and everything are born from water ... and everything is broken. Everything returned to water.
Because water can bind to a solid.
Water is soluble to a liquid.
Water can evaporate into steam.
Water is a living thing.Thales insists that water is a living thing. (All matter is alive.)
2. Anaximander B.C. 610-546 He was born in Myletus. He was interested in astronomy, geography, cosmology.
He made a map of the world.
He was the first to spread the sundial to the Greeks.
Anaximander’s metaphysics
He questioned What is the primary element of the world ..?
He replied, The Infinite. It has no image. (Formless Material) It is invisible with flesh eyes. But it is an eternal thing. Everything in the world is born of The Infinite.
What is The Infinite ..?
He said the original world was in a liquid state.
The first animal is fish. And the first one came from the fish.
3. Anaximenes B.C. 585-528 He was born in Myletus.
He is an Anaximander follower.
Anaximenes’s Metaphysics
He questioned What is the primary element of the world ..?
He replied that the air was the primary element of the world.
Because air extends endlessly. Air has the power to move all the time. Air makes everything happen.
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