เผยแพร่เรื่องtopic(2)

Exercise 5

Choose the best topic for each paragraph. Circle your answers.

Cats and dogs are both popular pets. But cats are nicer pets in some ways. First, cats are

cleaner.They stay very clean and they do not make the house dirty. Cats are also quieter than dogs.

They usually do not make a lot of noise. Cats are safer, too. Dogs sometimes bite people, but cats

almost never do. And finally, cats are easier to take care of. You do not have to spend much time

with a cat. In fact, many cats prefer to be alone.

The best title of the paragraph is ................................…..

a. Cats and dogs

b. The cleaner pets

c. The popular pets

d. Cats prefer to be alone

The kingdom of Jordan is an Arab country, surrounded almost entirely by other Arab

countries. On the north it is bounded by Syria and on the northeast by Iraq. On the east and south it is bounded by Saudi Arabia. Its neighbor to the west is Israel.

The best title of the paragraph is ........................................

a. Jordan’s Eastern Neighbor

b. The Climate of Jordan

c. Jordan’s Resources

d . Jordan’s Neighbor

3.The job of the young doctor is not easy. Doctors often spend many hours with a patient.

There are usually more patients waiting. So doctors do not have much free time during the day.

They often have to work all night in hospital too. Or they may have to go somewhere suddenly

when someone is ill. A doctor’s decision may mean life or death for the patient. Even when the

doctors are very tired, they have to think very carefully.

The best title of the paragraph is .....................................

a. A doctor’s job

b. A patient’s life

c. A doctor’s decision

d. A doctor and his patients

4. From the earliest times men have travelled on water. They made their settlements near

water, and they used it for their animals and plants. Later on, the rivers and then the seas became

man’s highways Wars have been waged and treaties signed, and civilizations have lived and

died all because of water.

The best title of the paragraph is ........................................

a. Civilizations of the Past

b. Rivers and Seas as Highways

c. The Importance of Water to Man

d. Early Man’s Care of Animals and Plants

5. Tepees were used as homes by the American Indian as he moved around looking for better

buffalo hunting grounds and richer soil. They could be put up or taken down in minutes, so

the Indian could be extremly mobile.

The best title of the paragraph is .....................................

a. Tepees in America

b. Homes in America

c. Home for Indians

d. Tepees as homes

6. After many years of controvercy, the dangers of smoking have been conclusively proven by

scientific research. Research undertaken by the United States Surgeon General’s Office has proved

that smoking is a major cause of cancer of the lungs and larynx. In fact, it was found that in

comparison with nonsmokers, heavy smokers are twenty times more likely to develop lung cancer.

The best title of the paragraph is .....................................

Lung Cancer
Scientific Research
Dangerous of Smoking
Smokers and Nonsmokers

7. India – the land of tigers, elephants, one – horned rhinoceros has always fascinated the world The forest of this country are dense and widespread, their wildlife varied and exotic. In the begin of this country, a major part of the sub-continent was wild country but/as science and technology took man forward it gradually deprived the land of its forests and scrub-land. There are over 350 species of mamals and 1,200 species of birds by the lastest records.

The best title of the paragraph is .....................................

a. Forests in India

b. Wildlife in India

c. India, the Exotic Land

d. The Geographical Diversity of India

8. As trees grow old they add a new ring for each year; this discovery, it seems, was first made

by Leonardo da Vinci, the famous Italian painter and scientist. It took along time, however, before

the serious study of tree rings started; this was done in Arizona by Andrew Ellicott Douglas.

The best title of the paragraph is .....................................

a. The Ring

b. Discovery of Tree Rings

c. The famous Italian Painter

d. The Scientist Leonardo da Vinci

9. Many desert animals are nocturnal. They slept during the day in burrows below the surface

of the desert or hide in shaded areas. They come out at night to eat. Some desert animals do not

need you drink water. They get water from the foods they eat. Most desert animals are small.

The best title of the paragraph is .....................................

Ways Dessert Animals Survive
A Harsh Environment
Animal Survival
Arabian Camels

10. Have you ever seen children in costumes and masks ringing doorbells and crying out,

“Trick and Treat?” This is a very common sight every on October 31. The children are celebrating

Halloween. On this holiday children dress up as witches, ghosts,goblins, and other characters.

They ring belldoors and ask for a piece of candy or some bubble gum or even a few pennies.

The best title of the paragraph is .....................................

Ringing doorbells
Celebrating Halloween
Witches, ghosts and boblins.
An annual holiday on October 31.

ใบความรู้ที่4

Topic sentence

Topic sentence คือ ประโยคที่ประกอบด้วย Topic noun และเป็นประโยคที่เป็นศูนย์รวมของความคิดภายในย่อหน้าหรือภายในเรื่องนั้นๆและ Topic sentence จะตอบคำถามว่า What is the paragraph about? ได้เสมอ Topic sentence มักมีตำแหน่งประจำภายในย่อหน้า ตำแหน่งที่พบมากที่สุดของ

Topic sentence คือต้นย่อหน้า รองลงมาคือ ท้ายย่อหน้า และตำแหน่งที่พบน้อยที่สุดคือ กลางย่อหน้า

ตำแหน่งของ Topic sentence จะเป็นตัวกำหนดทิศทางการเลื่อนไหลของข่าวสารข้อมูลภายในย่อหน้า และเกี่ยวข้องกับเจตนาหรือจุดมุ่งหมายของผู้เขียน (Purpose) ชนิดหรือประเภทของเนื้อหา

(Fields of information) ก็มีส่วนในการกำหนดตำแหน่งของ Topic sentence

Topic sentence และ Main Idea มีลักษณะที่คล้ายกันมาก

Example

The bird called “Liverbird” is the traditional mascot for the city of Liverpool. It was a symbol used by the ruler of the city in the 16^th century. When you visit the city of Liverpool, Liverbird statues are found everywhere.

What is the topic sentence? (Ask yourself what the paragraph is about.)

The topic sentence is the first sentence in the paragraph.(ประโยคที่ 1 ค่ะ)

Everything else supports that idea. (ประโยคอื่นๆเป็นแค่สนับสนุนเท่านั้น)

จากรูปภาพนักเรียนลองสังเกต topic sentence (ภาพกลุ่มคนเล่นน้ำที่ชายทะเล)

Topic sentence (main idea) : Playing on the beach

is nice.

(ภาพคนกำลังเต้นรำ) Topic sentence (main idea) : Dancing is fun.

Excerise 6

Underline the topic sentence

¹The government house was not luxurious by American standards. ²The walls were clay,

the floor was composed of clay and garden dirt, and the roof was a thatched mat. ³The doors

and the windows were merely holes in the wall. ⁴There was no furniture whatever.

¹ Cost were low that year and the output high. ²There was a good man for every job and the

market remained firm. There were no losses by fire. ³All in all it was the best year in the

company’s history.

^.1There are deer in abundance here. ²The whole area is great country for hunters and

fishermen.³ There are bears, occasional mountain lions, and coyotes. ⁴To the east there are

streams full out trout and there are ducks, geese and a few pheasants.

¹ Many of the strange plants came in by accident. ²They were in bags of seeds brought in

by the missionaries fathers and the merchants. ³They were picked up along the way by wagon

wheels of the pioneers and hooves of their animals. ⁴They clung to the hides of the cattle. And

seeds were brought in by travellers on the mud of their boots and in their clothes.

¹What then is amnesia? ²If you say only that it is loss of memory, you include in the

group of amnesiacs any man who forgets his wife’s birthday or go off to the office without his

wrist watch. 3Actually, amnesia is something a bit more sinister. ⁴It is loss of memory, to be sure,

but it is of the sort brought on by injury, overwork, worry or nasty blow on the head.

¹ Running and jogging require little equipment. ²People can run and jog almost anywhere

and in almost any weather.³There are relatively few injuries from these activities, fewer than

there are in such contact sports as football, basketball, or soccer. ⁴Also, people can runor jog

all by themselves.

¹There are several different kinds of classes on college and university campuses.

²Professors usually teach large undergraduate classes. ³They give formal lectures. Students have

to listen and take notes.Then teaching assistants (T.A.S.) lead discussion groups.⁴ In graduate

seminars, small groups of students discuss their ideas with their instructor and classmates.

¹One of the most interesting animals in the world is the great grey kangaroo, found in great

numbers in Australia.² One of its characteristics of special note is its size and shape. ³ It is

sometimes 10 feet in length from the tip of the nose to the end of the tail and weighs as much

as 200 pounds1 Its long strong tail is used as a prop when the kangaroo stands on its two hind

legs.4 The kangaroo is a very swift rumner. It can clear as many as twenty feet at one leap.

¹ Air pollution is dirt in the air. This is a big problem in some part of the world. ²People make it

by burning fuel in buses, cars factories, homes, schools and trains. ³The smoke from burning fuel

has poison gases and dust. ⁴These enter the air and make is dirty.

10.

¹The Japanese macaque is an dangerous monkey. ² It lives in an area farther noth than any other primate except human. ³The Japanese call this animal the snow monkey because it can be found

in the snowy regions of Japan. ⁴ Ironically, some troops of macaque have been relocated in

Taxas to ensure their survival.