In AUS cattle industry language (as learned from ABC/Landline episodes ;-)

‘cattle’ is used in generic sense (always plural; both sexes, ages,…)‘stock’ for cattle on a property – stockyard is a cattle holding (fenced/enclosed) area ‘cow’ for female cattle – dairy cow/milk cow; ‘bull’ for male; ‘calf’ for baby;‘steer’ for castrated male cattle;‘yearling’ for about 1 year old cattle (born last season)‘heifer’ (pronounced “heffer”) for young (female) cow – becomes ‘cow’ after calving

‘ox’ and ‘bullock’ usually used for ‘work’ (not ‘meat’ of ‘beef’) cattle.