Thank you Doctor ป.

for sharing a modern example in medical history. We usually 'trust' in sources of information because we are brought up to respect our teachers.

I too have problems with 'inference' and deductive reasoning. In my limited math-speak: "given premises/initial set A, if b (conforms to A) then (conclude) c (a value in A)" is also listed in the 10 sources of information the Buddha told the Kaalaamas.

We note that the Buddha promoted the use of information for 'good' but not for the good of information sources.

We have a narrow pathway to make information 'true' and 'good'.

I like the way most suttas in the Tipitaka begin - "Eva.m me sutta.m" (This is what I have heard). There is no force to make us believe. We can listen and test the information for ourselves. What if we use another test criteria NOT given in Kaalaama sutta?