2023-03-31 ศัพท์ น่าสับสน ชุด I – Impertinent & irrelevant

Revision I

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Dictionary.com

ออกเสียง Impertinent = ‘im-PUR-tn-uhnt’

ออกเสียง irrelevant = ‘ih-REL-uh-vuhnt’

 

Common Errors in English Usage Dictionary

IMPERTINENT & IRRELEVANT

“Impertinent” looks as if it ought 

to mean the opposite of “pertinent,” 

and indeed it once did; 

but for centuries now 

its meaning in ordinary speech 

has been narrowed to “impudent,” 

specifically in regard to actions or speech 

toward someone regarded as socially superior.

 

Only snobs and very old-fashioned people 

use “impertinent” correctly; 

most people would be well advised to forget it 

and use “irrelevant” instead to mean the opposite of “pertinent”

 

Dictionary.com

SYNONYM STUDY FOR IMPERTINENT

Impertinent, impudent, insolent 

refer to bold, rude, and arrogant behavior. 

Impertinent, from its primary meaning of not pertinent 

and hence inappropriate or out of place, 

has come to imply often an unseemly intrusion into 

what does not concern one, or a presumptuous rudeness 

toward one entitled to deference or respect: 

an impertinent interruption, question, manner toward a teacher. 

 

Impudent suggests a bold and shameless impertinence: 

an impudent speech, young rascal. 

 

Insolent suggests insulting 

or arrogantly contemptuous behavior: 

unbearably insolent toward those in authority.

 

Dictionary.com

PRONUNCIATION NOTE FOR IRRELEVANT

The pronunciation of irrelevant [ih-rel-uh-vuhnt], 

as [ih-rev-uh-luhnt], 

as if spelled irrevelant, 

is the result of metathesis, 

the transposition of two sounds, 

in this case, the [l] and the [v]. 

Relevant, the base word, is occasionally 

subject to the same process. 

 

Analogy with words like prevalent 

and equivalent may play a role. 

 

A similar reordering of the [l] and [v] consonant sounds, although not a strict one-to-one metathesis, 

can be heard for Calvary [kal-vuh-ree] 

when pronounced [kav-uhl-ree]. 

Here the transposition is reinforced by 

the existence of the familiar word cavalry.

 

Random House Kernerman Webster's College Dictionary, 

ir•rel′e•vant•ly, adv.

pron: The pronunciation of irrelevant 

as (ɪˈrɛv ə lənt) as if spelled irrevelant, 

is the result of metathesis, 

the transposition of two sounds, 

in this case, the (l) and the (v). 

relevant, the base word, is occasionally subject to 

the same process. 

Analogy with words like prevalent 

and equivalent may play a role.

 

American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language

ir·rel′e·vant·ly adv.

Synonyms: irrelevant, extraneous, immaterial, impertinent
These adjectives mean not pertinent 

to the subject under consideration:

 

ignored irrelevant comments during the discussion;

a question extraneous to the topic of the presentation; 

an objection that was declared to be immaterial to the case; 

deleted the impertinent facts from the report.

Antonym: relevant

 

Merriam-Webster Dictionary

Choose the Right Synonym for impertinent

IMPERTINENT, OFFICIOUS, MEDDLESOME, 

INTRUSIVE, OBTRUSIVE 

mean given to thrusting oneself into the affairs of others.

 

IMPERTINENT implies exceeding the bounds of propriety 

in showing interest or curiosity or in offering advice.  

resented their impertinent interference  

 

OFFICIOUS implies the offering of services or attentions 

that are unwelcome or annoying. 

officious friends made the job harder 

 

MEDDLESOME stresses an annoying and usually 

prying interference in others' affairs.  

a meddlesome landlord 

 

INTRUSIVE implies a tactless or otherwise objectionable 

thrusting into others' affairs.  

tried to be helpful without being intrusive 

 

OBTRUSIVE stresses improper or offensive 

conspicuousness of interfering actions.  

expressed an obtrusive concern for his safety 

 

Did You Know?

English speakers adopted both impertinent and pertinent 

from Anglo-French in the 14th century. 

Both words derive from the present participle of 

the Latin verb pertinēre, meaning "to pertain."

Initially, impertinent was used for things 

that are simply not relevant. 

Over time, it came to be used of things 

that are not only irrelevant but rudely or inappropriately so, 

and later for people who are just straight-out rude.