2022-09-07
2020-10-11
(51223-2) ศัพท์ น่าสับสน ชุด H – hold & hole & whole
การใช้ภาษาอังกฤษ ที่ถือว่า ถูกต้อง ในที่นี้ เป็นไป ตามมาตรฐาน ของภาษา
การใช้ภาษาอังกฤษ ไม่กำหนดมาตฐาน ถือตามส่วนใหญ่ที่ใช้แต่ละท้องถิ่น
ความหมาย อาจยืดหยุ่น ขึ้นอยู่กับ ตำแหน่ง/หน้าที่ ในประโยค
Ref.: http://www.gotoknow.org/posts/683778
Dictionary.com
ออกเสียง hole & whole = ‘HOHL’
ออกเสียง hold = “HOHLD”
Common Errors In English Usage Dictionary:
HOLD YOUR PEACE & SAY YOUR PIECE
Some folks imagine that
since these expressions are opposites,
the last word in each should be the same;
but in fact, they are unrelated expressions.
The first means “maintain your silence,”
and the other means literally “speak aloud a piece of writing”
but is used to express the idea of making a statement.
The A-Z of Correct English Common Errors in English Dictionary:
hole or whole?
Use these exemplar sentences as a guide:
She ate the WHOLE cake by herself.
You have a HOLE in your sock.
Dictionary.com
SYNONYM STUDY FOR HOLE
Hole, cavity, excavation
refer to a hollow place in anything.
Hole is the common word for this idea:
a hole in turf.
Cavity is a more formal or scientific term
for a hollow within the body
or in a substance,
whether with or without a passage outward:
a cavity in a tooth; the cranial cavity.
An excavation is an extended hole
made by digging out or removing material:
an excavation before the construction of a building.
SYNONYM STUDY FOR WHOLE
Whole, total
mean the entire or complete sum or amount.
The whole is all there is;
every part, member, aspect;
the complete sum, amount, quantity of anything,
not divided; the entirety:
the whole of one's property, family.
Total also means whole, complete amount, or number,
but conveys the idea of something added
together or added up:
The total of their gains amounted to millions.
Abused, Confused, & Misused Words by Mary Embree
hole
= an opening in something
or an unoccupied space
a playing period in golf:
We only had time to play nine holes.;
a lack or a fault:
Your reasoning is full of holes.
Not to be confused with:
whole = a single entity comprised of a collection of parts
including all of an entity:
This requires your whole attention.
Collins COBUILD English Usage
whole
1. 'the whole of' and 'whole'
When you talk about the whole of something,
you mean all of it.
We were there for the whole of July.
I felt pain throughout the whole of my body.
Instead of using the whole of
in front of a noun phrase beginning with the,
you can simply use whole after the.
For example,
instead of saying 'The whole of the house was on fire',
you can say 'The whole house was on fire'.
I spent the whole day in the library.
They're the best team in the whole world.
You can use whole in a similar way after
this, that, or a possessive.
I just want to say how sorry I am about this whole business.
I've never seen anything like this in my whole life.
You use whole after a to emphasize that
you mean all of something of a particular kind.
We worked on the project for a whole year.
I drank a whole pot of coffee, and I still felt tired.
You can also use whole like this in front
of the plural form of a noun.
There were whole paragraphs in the article that I didn't understand.
Be Careful!
In front of plurals,
whole does not have the same meaning as all.
If you say 'All the buildings have been destroyed',
you mean that every building has been destroyed.
If you say 'Whole buildings have been destroyed',
you mean that some buildings have been destroyed completely.
2. 'as a whole'
You use as a whole after a noun to emphasize that
you are talking about all of something and
regarding it as a single unit.
Is this true just of some classes, or of the school as a whole?
In the country as a whole, average house prices went up by 19%.
3. 'on the whole'
You add on the whole to a statement to show that
what you are saying is true in general
but may not be true in every case.
I didn't enjoy the food because on the whole I don't really like fish.
On the whole it's not a good idea to ask him questions.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
History and Etymology for hole
Noun
Middle English hole, holle,
going back to Old English hol "hollow place, cave, pit,"
noun derivative from neuter of hol "hollow, deeply concave, sunken,"
going back to Germanic *hula- (whence also Old Saxon &
Old High German hol "hollow,"
Old Norse holr), probably going back to Indo-European *ḱuH-ló-
(with assumed shortening of pretonic vowel),
zero-grade derivative of a base *ḱeu̯H- "hollow,"
whence, with varying ablaut and suffixation,
Greek koîlos, kóïlos "hollow, deep" (from *ḱou̯H-ilo-),
Latin cavus "hollow, concave" (from *ḱou̯H-o-),
Middle Irish cúa "hollow space, cavity,"
Middle Welsh ceu "hollow, empty" (both from *ḱou̯H-i̯o-?),
Old Church Slavic sui "vain, empty" (from *ḱou̯H-i̯o-)
Verb
Middle English holen, going back to
Old English holian, derivative of hol HOLE entry 1
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Choose the Right Synonym for whole
Adjective
PERFECT, WHOLE, ENTIRE, INTACT
mean not lacking or faulty in any particular.
PERFECT implies the soundness
and the excellence of every part, element,
or quality of a thing frequently as
an unattainable or theoretical state.
a perfect set of teeth
WHOLE suggests a completeness
or perfection that can be sought, gained,
or regained.
felt like a whole person again after vacation
ENTIRE implies perfection
deriving from integrity, soundness,
or completeness of a thing.
the entire Beethoven corpus
INTACT implies retention of perfection
of a thing in its natural or original state.
the boat survived the storm intact
