2022-01-26
ศัพท์ น่าสับสน - Set – C - congenial & genial
แนะนำการใช้ ตามที่ส่วนใหญ่ใช้ แต่ละท้องถิ่น
ความหมาย อาจผันแปร ตาม ตำแหน่ง/หน้าที่ ในประโยค
Dictionary.com:
ออกเสียง congenial = “kuhn-JEEN-yuhl”
ออกเสียง genial = “JEEN-yuhl” or “JEE-nee-uhl”
Dictionary of Problem Words and Expressions:
congenial & genial
Congenial means
“compatible,”
“allied in spirit, temper, and feeling,”
“suited to one another”:
“The players on this team are congenial.”
“At the party you will find a congenial atmosphere.”
Genial means
“cordial,”
“cheerful,”
“sympathetic”:
“Our host was in a genial mood.”
Genial also means
“favorable for growth or comfort”:
“They enjoy the genial climate of Florida.”
A group of genial persons is likely to find that they are congenial with each other.
Dictionary.com:
MORE ABOUT CONGENIAL
What does congenial mean?
Congenial means friendly, pleasant, or agreeable.
Someone who’s congenial is easy to get along with.
It’s especially used to describe people and their personalities,
but it can also describe atmospheres marked by friendliness,
as in a congenial workplace.
The noun congenialityrefers to the quality of being congenial.
Less commonly, congenial can mean well suited or well matched,
as in It’s a very congenial friendship—they share several interests.
The word compatibleis a close synonym of this sense of congenial.
Example:
You won’t find a more congenial person than Jess
—she has a kind word for everyone she meets.
Where does congenial come from?
The first records of the word congenial come from the 1600s.
It’s essentially a combination of con-, meaning “same” or “together,”
And genial, meaning “warmly and pleasantly cheerful,”
from the Latin geniālis, “festive, jovial, pleasant.”
The words congenial and genial can be used as synonyms.
Similar adjectives are Affable, Amiable, Convivial, and Cordial.
A person who’s considered congenial
usually isn’t just friendly and pleasant
when they have to be or when it suits them
—they’re friendly and pleasant all the time.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary:
The History of Congenial Is Spiritual
According to ancient mythology,
each person at birth was assigned a guardian spirit.
The Latin name for this attendant spirit was Genius.
Two people who get along well together
can be thought of as sharing a similar spirit.
They might even be described by a word
combining the Latin prefix com- (meaning "with, together")
and genius—in English congenial.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary:
Choose the Right Synonym for genial
Adjective (1)
Gracious, Cordial, Affable, Genial, Sociable
mean markedly pleasant and easy in social intercourse.
Gracious implies courtesy and kindly consideration.
the gracious award winner thanked her colleagues
Cordial stresses warmth and heartiness.
our host was cordial as he greeted us
Affable implies easy approachability and readiness to respond pleasantly to conversation or requests or proposals.
though wealthy, she was affable to all
Genial stresses cheerfulness and even joviality.
a genial companion with a ready quip
Sociable suggests a genuine liking for the companionship of others.
sociable people who enjoy entertaining
Merriam-Webster Dictionary:
Did you know?
Genial derives from the Latin adjective genialis,
meaning "connected with marriage."
When genial was first adopted into English in the mid-16th century,
it meant "of or relating to marriage,"
a sense that is now obsolete. Genialis was formed in Latin by
combining the -alis suffix (meaning "of, relating to, or characterized by") with genius, meaning "a person's disposition or inclination."
As you may have guessed, Latin genius is the ancestor of the English word genius,meaning "extraordinary intellectual power"
—so it's logical enough that genial eventually developed a sense (possibly influenced by the German word genial) of "marked by very high intelligence."
Merriam-Webster Dictionary:
Word History
The Surprising History of 'Genial'
You'll look at it differently after reading this
At its most basic,genial is an agreeable little word
meaning "cheerful and pleasant." It's easy to like genial people.
We hope to encounter them in retail experiences;
we like doctors and teachers we can describe as "genial";
we might even try to be genial folks ourselves.
But this word is more than its most common use.
It began life in the mid-1500s with a meaning that may have made
our grandparents blush: "of or relating to marriage or generation,"
as in "the genial bed."
And if the example doesn't make it clear enough,
we'll point out that generation here
has to do with the baby-making procreation kind of generation,
not the group of people born and living during the same time period.
This original meaning is hardly surprising when we consider
the word's Latin origin: it comes directly from genialis,
which itself comes from Latin gignere, which means "to beget"
—that is, to become the father of someone.
Between genialis and gignere etymologically, however,
there's the Latin word genius,
which is also the source of our word genius.
Genius originally referred to one of the special spirits
that the ancient Romans believed accompanied each person through life as a protector, but also referred in Latin to "natural inclinations."
That history is apparent in another meaning of genial.
In the mid-1600s, the word developed the meaning "native, inborn,"
as in "a person's genial predispositions."
And around the same time, another meaning,
"favorable to growth or comfort,"
as in "genial sunshine" or "soil genial to the plant,"
also came into use.
The more common meaning of genius is apparent in another
meaning of genial: "displaying or marked by genius."
That meaning (which have been influenced by German,
in which genial can have the same meaning) is now rare.
And none of the various meanings of genial
is as common as the meaning of "marked by or diffusing sympathy or friendliness,"
as in "We were greeted by her genial assistant."
That meaning developed in the mid-1700s.
There is another word genial
—unrelated to the one we've been treating
—that is likely known only to those with some connection
to the medical field.
It rhymes with denial, and it means "of or relating to the chin."
Like the word chin itself, it traces back to the Greek word genys,
meaning "jaw" or "cheek."
