2022-01-10
ศัพท์ น่าสับสน - Set – C - Carton, cartoon
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Dictionary.com:
ออกเสียง carton = “KAHR-tn”
ออกเสียง cartoon = “kahr-TOON”
Merriam-Webster Dictionary:
Word History
'Cartoon': Not Just For Kids
Early cartoons were not created with children in mind.
A word’s development is sometimes logical, sometimes not.
Often a word with a concrete meaning turns into a metaphor,
like vitriol, which started as a word
meaning “a concentrated sulfuric acid”
and came to mean “harsh and angry words” over time.
“Liquid that burns” became “words that burn.”
Conversely,
there are words that begin with more abstract meanings,
like commodity, a word that originally meant “amount, allotment”
(“the quality or stateof being commodious”) or “usefulness,”
but then became “something that is bought or sold”
—the “quality of being useful” became “a thing that is useful.”
Sometimes the thing becomes the idea;
sometimes the idea becomesthe thing.
Cartoon is a word that shows us a clear progression
in meanings from the concrete TO the abstract inseveral stages.
Today we most frequently use cartoon
to mean “a humorous drawing,” “comic strip,”
or “animated film or TV show,”
but its origins in English begin with fine arts:
cartoon first designated
“a design, drawing, or painting made by an artist
as a model for the finished work.”
This preparatory drawing could be for a
fresco, painting, mosaic, or tapestry,
and often is done in full size on paper
which is traced or copied on a surface to be used for a final work.
Noah Webster’s definition from 1828
was the only one he gives in his dictionary:
CARTOON noun
In painting, a design drawn on strong paper,
to be afterward calked [rubbed] through
and transferred on the fresh plaster of a wall,
to be painted in fresco.
Also, a design colored for working in Mosaic, tapestry etc.
This use of cartoon dates to the 1600s,
when the Italian word cartone, originally meaning “pasteboard,”
was borrowed into English.
Cartoon comes from the same Italian root
(also borrowed into French with the spelling carton),
and though it is most commonly used to mean
“a box made of cardboard,”
it originally meant the material “cardboard” itself in English as in French.
The related word card dates back to the 1400s in English,
and came through French from the ultimate Latin root charta,
meaning “a leaf of papyrus”;
charta is also the ancestor of chart and charter
(Magna Carta literally means “great charter.”)
The use of cartoon to mean "a humorous drawing"
began in the 1800s.
The Oxford English Dictionary shows an early use in
an announcement from the British humor magazine Punch from 1843:
Punch has the benevolence to announce,
that in an early number of his ensuing Volume
he will astonish the Parliamentary Committee
by the publication of several exquisite designs,
to be called Punch's Cartoons!
So cartoon began in Italian as
the word for the material on which a drawing is made,
then became the word for the drawing itself.
Next it came to mean a comic drawing, a series of drawings, or animation.
The final stage in this progression is a metaphorical use
meaning “caricature”:
This usage clearly developed from
the “humorous drawing” or “comic strip” meaning of cartoon,
but keep in mind that
if you hear the word used in an art museum,
it might refer to the kind of sketch that is not a comedy.
Helpful information
when you're trying to figure out exactly
what about that drawing of a chair is meant to be humorous.
