2021-02-04ศัพท์ น่าสับสน ชุด S – Stimulate & stimulant & stimulus
แนะนำการใช้ ตามที่ส่วนใหญ่ใช้ แต่ละท้องถิ่น
ความหมาย อาจผันแปร ตาม ตำแหน่ง/หน้าที่ ในประโยค
Dictionary.com
ออกเสียง stimulate = ‘STIM-yuh-leyt’
ออกเสียง Stimulant = “STIM-yuh-luhnt’
ออกเสียง stimulus = ‘STIM-yuh-luhs’
Farlex Trivia Dictionary.
Stimulate =
aperitif, appetizer = An aperitif is a drink to stimulate the appetite
and an appetizer is a food that does this before a meal.
condiment = From Latin condimentum, from condire, "to pickle, preserve";
condiments are food substances used to heighten
the natural flavor of foods,
to stimulate the appetite, to aid digestion, or preserve certain foods.
innervate, enervate = Innervate means
"to stimulate or give nervous energy," the opposite of enervate.
stimulate = From Latin stimulus, "pointed stick for goading animals."
Dictionary.com
VOCAB BUILDER
What does stimulus mean?
In general, a stimulus is something
that provokes or causes an action orresponse,
as in Failing that test was the stimulus I needed to start studying harder.
The plural of stimulus is stimuli.
Its verb form is stimulate,
which typically means to spur into actionor to invigorate.
In the context of science, a stimulus is anything
that makes an organism or a part of an organism react in some way.
For example, for most plants, sunlight acts as a stimulus
that causes (stimulates) them to growor move toward it.
In economics, a stimulus is an injection of money into an economy
by a government that’s intended to spur (stimulate) economic growth.
This can take many forms,
such as giving money directly to citizensvia stimulus checks.
In this sense, stimulus is usually used in the singular,
especially in phrases
like economic stimulus, stimulus package, and stimulus plan.
Example: Congress has passed an unprecedented stimulus package in response to the 2020 coronavirus pandemic in the hopes of stimulating the economy at a time when so many people have lost income due to being out of work.
Where does stimulus come from?
The first records of stimulus come from the 1600s.
It comes from the Latin word stimulus,
meaning “cattle prod”
—a sharp stick used to poke cattle to get them to keep moving.
In a general sense, that’s what a stimulus does
—it prods something into action.
What that action is varies depending on the context.
Scientifically speaking,
a stimulus is anything that produces a response in an organism
or in a cell or tissue of an organism.
Such stimuli can be internalor external.
Internal stimuli come from insidean organism
—pain and hunger are internal stimuli.
In humans, an external stimulus is anything
that’s detected by the senses—light, noises, things we feel on our skin.
Parents are often told to avoid having newborn babies
around too many stimuli (like bright lights and colors and music)
at once so that they don’t become overstimulated (overwhelmed by all the sensory input).
In psychology, the term stimulus is often used
in the context of conditioned responses
—like the famous example of Pavlov’s dogs salivating at the sound of a bell.
In this case, one stimulus (the sound of the bell)
became associated with another (the presentation of food).
An economic stimulus is a government’s attempt to jump-start an economy, usually when it’s in a recession (a lengthy downturn).
The U.S. government’s stimulus plan in response to the 2020 coronavirus pandemic,
for example, ordered the distribution of stimulus payments
in the form of stimulus checks to individual citizens with income under a certain level.
The money from such checks is intended to serve as emergency financial relief in a time of high unemployment.
But it’s also intended to help stimulate the economy
by allowing (and encouraging) people to keep buying things.
The hope is that more people buying things will allow more businesses to employ more people, which will boost economic recovery.
Not all stimulus measures involve sending money directly.
The phrase stimulus package typically refers to
a whole bundle of government policies
meant to stimulate the economy in some way,
including tax breaks, interest limits, and other actions,
perhaps in addition to payments.
During the recession in 2008, the U.S. government
issued temporary tax cuts to certain households
and businesses with the goal of economic stimulus.
The word bailout is sometimes associated with economic stimulus,
but it has a narrower meaning.
A bailout involves the government providing money
to a company or institution that would failor go bankrupt otherwise.
Stimulus can also be used in a more general way
to refer to anything that acts as motivationor an incentive.
For example, giving kids an allowance might be a stimulus to get them to do their chores.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Choose the Right Synonym for stimulate
PROVOKE, EXCITE, STIMULATE, PIQUE, QUICKEN
mean to arouse as if by pricking.
PROVOKE directs attention to the response called forth.
my stories usually provoke laughter
EXCITE implies a stirring up or moving profoundly.
news that excited anger and frustration
STIMULATE suggests a rousing out of lethargy, quiescence, or indifference.
stimulating conversation
PIQUE suggests stimulating by mild irritation or challenge.
that remark piqued my interest
QUICKEN implies beneficially stimulating and making active or lively.
the high salary quickened her desire to have the job
Common Errors In English Usage Dictionary
Stimulated & stimulus & stimulant
stimulant or stimulus?
Both words are related to ‘stimulate’
but there is a difference in meaning:
A Stimulant is a temporary energizer like drink or drugs.
A Stimulus is something that motivates(like competition).
stimulus (singular) = stimuli(plural)
Dictionary of Problem Words and Expressions
Stimulant & stimulus
Stimulant refers to anything that temporarily
arouses or speeds up mental or physical activity:
“Alcohol, thought to be a stimulant, is actually a depressant.”
A stimulus is something that
arouses to action, that incites activities,
that produce a response:
“Additional pay is a stimulus to harder work.”
“The effect of a stimulant is short-lived;
that of stimulus is stimulants;
that of stimulus is stimuli.
