Basic knowledge of operating systems.
Computers have been developed for many generations. Since theearly days. Until the early computers were built from vacuum tubes.In very large legs. But in today. Computers, integrated circuitsmanufactured from a highly efficient and compact, very easy. But even if the computer has been developed significantly ascompared with the kinds of things it's a different story. The basic structure of a computer system, it still looks the same.
1.1 OS (Operating System: OS) is.
Almost all computer systems, the operating system is an important part of the system. The system is divided into four parts: the hardware, operating system. Applications and users.
• The hardware resources available in the system include the data in / out. CPU And memory. It also includes. Object programAnd microprocessor applications. Which the company created to use as Microsoft's software at a basic level (primitive level) you can work directly with system resources and simple commands such as ADD MOVE the JUMP command will be set to a minimum. it. The circuits inside the computer. Microprocessor instruction set, the program must be translated or interpreted inLanguage forms and instructions in the calculation are compared and the control device input / output.
• Operating System. Program operates as an intermediary between users and hardware. The objective is to provide an environment that users can perform tasks on a computer. It will facilitate the development and applications. Including the allocation of resources. To effectively.
• the application. Is a software program written to perform specific tasks that we want to work as private business. Work in science. Business applications, games database. The translatorWe might call this type of application that the User's Program The program of this type most often used in high-level language development languages such as C, C + +, COBOL, PASCAL, BASIC, etc. An example of a program developed in the business such as accounting costs. Payroll (Payroll Program) program payment (Hire Purchase) products to the system (Stock Program), etc. Each program will have a different form.Requirements or rules of each agency to use. The program of this type can be further modified. (Modifications) in some parts of the program itself. To meet the needs of the program.
These programs are a set of guidelines on the use of system resources. To work. To users of various types. This could be either a person or a computer program. Variables such as language translation systems require high-level language programs into machine language for a programmer so the operating system to control and coordinate the use of system resources to run properly.
• The use of a computer system even though it contains elements of both hardware and software. The computer system will not work if the lack of a single element, including elements of the personnel to manage and control the computer system to operate smoothly. I solve problems that arise with the computer system.Development of various applications, including applications that were developed.
Definition of the operating system. The definition is as follows.
1. Andrew S. Tanenbaum:.
§ An operating system as an extended machine.
§ An operating system as a resource manager.
2. Milan Milenkovic:.
§ An operating system is an organized collection of software extensions of hardware, consisting of control routines for operating a computer and for providing an environment for execution of programs.
3. H. M. Deitel.
§ Operating systems are primarily resource managers; the main resource they manage is computer hardware in the form of processors, storage, input / output devices, communication devices and data. Operating systems perform many functions such as implementing the user interface, sharing hardware among users, allowing users to share data among themselves, preventing users from interfering with one another, scheduling resources among users, facilitating input / output, recovering from errors, accounting for resource. usage, facilitating parallel operations, organizing data for secure and rapid access, and handling network communications.
4. A. Silberschatz, J. Peterson and P. Galvin.
§ An operating system is a program that acts as an intermediary between a user of a computer and the computer hardware.
§ An operating system is similar to a government. The components of a computer system are its hardware, software, and data. The operating system provides the means for the proper use of these resources in the operation of the computer system. Like a government, the operating system performs no useful function by itself. It simply provides an environment within which other programs can do useful work.
5. William S. Davis.
§ The operating system is a set of software routines that sits between the application program and hardware. Because the operating system serves as a hardware / software interface (Fig. 1.2), application programmers and users rarely communicate directly with the hardware.
6. Dr. Teng awful director.
§ How to perform a complex operation, which has been incorporated into the same pattern.
§ The program has been organized as a link between the computers and users. It will facilitate the development and applications. Including the allocation of resources. Efficient as well.
7. Mongkol Aswokwit equipment.
§ Programs that help manage the program and complete control of the machine.
§ Work with highly talented group of programs including the sharing of resources in the system and control the tempo of the program is running to prevent errors and to control the System Software.
It is concluded that the definition of the operating system is a program that has been organized to control the operation of the system. And enhance the functions of the hardware. Use the link between computers and users.
In order to facilitate the development and implementation of various programs. Including the allocation of resources. The effectiveness of the system. In a way that users do not need to know the mechanism or system hardware.
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ความรู้เบื้องต้นเกี่ยวกับระบบปฏิบัติการ
คอมพิวเตอร์ได้ถูกพัฒนามาอย่างมากมายหลายรุ่น ตั้งแต่ยุคแรกๆ จนกระทั่งถึงปัจจุบัน ยุคแรกๆ คอมพิวเตอร์ถูกสร้างขึ้นมาจากหลอดสูญญากาศ มีขานาดใหญ่มาก แต่ในปัจจุบันนี้ คอมพิวเตอร์ผลิตจากแผงวงจรรวมที่มีประสิทธิภาพและมีความสามารถสูง ขนาดเล็ก พกพาได้สะดวกขึ้นมาก แต่ถึงแม้ว่าตัวเครื่องคอมพิวเตอร์ได้ถูกพัฒนาไปอย่างมากจนชนิดเทียบกับอดีตเป็นคนละเรื่องกันก็ตาม โครงสร้างพื้นฐานของระบบคอมพิวเตอร์ก็ยังคงมีลักษณะเหมือนเดิม
1.1 ระบบปฏิบัติการ (Operating System : OS) คืออะไร
ระบบคอมพิวเตอร์แทบทุกระบบถือว่าระบบปฏิบัติการเป็นส่วนสำคัญของระบบ โดยทั่วไประบบคอมพิวเตอร์แบ่งเป็น 4 ส่วน คือ ฮาร์ดแวร์ ระบบปฏิบัติการ โปรแกรมประยุกต์ และผู้ใช้
นิยามเกี่ยวกับระบบปฏิบัติการ ได้มีผู้ให้นิยามไว้ดังนี้
จากนิยามพอจะที่สรุปได้ว่าระบบปฏิบัติการคือกลุ่มโปรแกรมที่ได้รับการจัดระเบียบเพื่อทำหน้าที่ควบคุมการทำงานของระบบ และเสริมการทำงานในส่วนของฮาร์ดแวร์ โดยใช้เป็นตัวเชื่อมโยงระหว่างเครื่องคอมพิวเตอร์และผู้ใช้
ทั้งนี้เพื่ออำนวยความสะดวกในการพัฒนาและการใช้งานโปรแกรมต่างๆ รวมถึงการจัดสรรทรัพยากรต่างๆ ในระบบให้มีประสิทธิผลที่ดี ในลักษณะที่ผู้ใช้ไม่จำเป็นต้องทราบกลไกการทำงานหรือฮาร์ดแวร์ของระบบ
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