2022-08-06 ศัพท์ น่าสับสน - Set – G – gyp & cheat

Revision G

2022-08-06

ศัพท์ น่าสับสน - Set – G – gyp & cheat 

แนะนำการใช้ ตามที่ส่วนใหญ่ใช้ แต่ละท้องถิ่น 

ความหมาย อาจผันแปร ตาม ตำแหน่ง/หน้าที่ ในประโยค

แสดงรายละเอียด จากตำราแต่ละเล่ม ที่เป็นหัวข้อ ต่อไปนี้:

Ref.: http://www.gotoknow.org/posts/

 

Dictionary.com

ออกเสียง gyp = “JIP”

ออกเสียง cheat = “CHEET”

 

Dictionary.com

ORIGIN OF GYP

 

An Americanism dating back to 1885–90; 

         back formation from Gypsy. 

The variants at def. 3, 

         gypper and gypster, 

         are formed from gyp1 + -er1 and -ster respectively

 

USAGE NOTE FOR GYP

The word gyp is a shortening of Gypsy, 

          an insensitive label that has been used 

          as a disparaging slur

‘' for the traditionally nomadic group whose preferred name is Roma.”

 

Gyp in the meanings “to swindle” 

             or “a person who swindles” 

             is further insulting to the Roma, 

             since it stereotypes them as cheats and frauds. 

 

However, many people are unfamiliar with 

            the origin and history of gyp and Gypsy, 

            so these terms are still in use, 

            even among speakers who generally 

            try to avoid disparaging and offensive language.

 

Dictionary.com

More context on gyp

A term you probably want to eject from your vocabulary is gyp,

slang for “to cheat” or “a cheat.” 

It is a shortening of the word gypsy, 

           an often derogatory term for the Roma, 

a nomadic people who have been stereotyped 

           as being swindlers or con artists. 

 

Read our Usage Note for even more context on gyp.

 

Keep in mind …

You don’t have to insult an ethnic group 

           to refer to cheating. 

English has more alternatives for gyp 

           than we can include here.

In place of gyp as a noun, 

           try fraud, racket, rip-off, con, and sham, to name a few.

 

And in place of gyp as a term for 

          a person running a shady operation, 

use charlatan, con artist, crook, double-dealer, swindler, or thief.

 

Plenty more substitutes for gyp 

           can be found a quick click away at Thesaurus.com. 

 

Start with cheat and fraud. 

Both of these do double duty (not double-dealing) 

          as nouns and verbs for various duplicitous endeavors.

 

Common Error in English Usage Dictionary:

GYP/CHEAT

Gypsies complain that “gyp” (“cheat”) 

          reflects bias; 

but the word is so well entrenched

          and its origin so obscure to most users 

          that there is little hope of eliminating it 

          from standard use any time soon.

 

Random House Kerneman Webster’s college Dictionary:

Gyp or gip

v. gypped, gyp•ping,
usage: 

This term, though not used as a deliberate slur, 

           is still sometimes felt to be insulting to the Gypsies.

— Informal: Sometimes Offensive. v.t., v.i.

     1.     to defraud or rob by some sharp practice; swindle; cheat.

     2.     a swindle or fraud.

     3.     Also, gyp′per, gyp•ster (ˈdʒɪp stər) 

             a swindler or cheat.

             [1875–80, Amer.; shortening of Gypsy]

 

Dictionary.com

SYNONYM STUDY FOR CHEAT

Cheat, deceive, trick, victimize 

refer to the use of fraud or artifice deliberately 

         to hoodwink or obtain an unfair advantage over someone. 

 

Cheat implies conducting matters fraudulently, 

        especially for profit to oneself: 

              to cheat at cards. 

 

Deceive suggests deliberately misleading 

        or deluding, to produce misunderstanding 

        or to prevent someone from knowing the truth: 

             to deceive one's parents. 

To trick is to deceive by a stratagem, 

        often of a petty, crafty, or dishonorable kind: 

             to trick someone into signing a note. 

To victimize is to make a victim of; 

        the emotional connotation 

        makes the cheating, deception, 

        or trickery seem particularly dastardly: 

              to victimize a blind man.

 

Merriam-Webster Dictionary:

Choose the Right Synonym for cheat

Verb

CHEAT, COZEN, DEFRAUD, SWINDLE 

mean to get something by dishonesty or deception. 

 

CHEAT suggests using trickery 

               that escapes observation.  

                        cheated me out of a dollar  

 

COZEN implies artful persuading or flattering

               to attain a thing or a purpose.  

                         always able to cozen her grandfather out of a few dollars  

 

DEFRAUD stresses depriving one of his or her rights 

               and usually connotes deliberate perversion of the truth.  

                         defrauded of her inheritance by an unscrupulous lawyer  

 

SWINDLE implies large-scale cheating 

              by misrepresentation or abuse of confidence.  

                          swindled of their savings by con artists 

 

Merriam-Webster Dictionary:

Words at Play CHEAT

In English feudal law, 

             escheat referred to the return of land 

             to the lord of an estate 

             when the tenant died without an heir, 

             as well as to the forfeited property itself. 

 

Officers were appointed by the Crown 

            to manage the escheats and to ascertain 

            who the legal heir was, if there was one. 

            In the absence of a heir, the land was reverted

            —or was escheated—to the Crown.

Both the noun and the verb 

          escheat were often used in the shortened form cheat. 

 

In time, 

           the unfortunate forfeiture of escheat 

           became associated with unscrupulous 

           or unlawful attainments of property. 

 

By the late-16th century, 

         cheat became a verb meaning 

           "to deprive someone of something valuable 

             by deception or fraud" 

           and soon after a noun 

           referring to fraudulent or deceptive acts.