2022-03-14
ศัพท์ น่าสับสน - Set – F - fact
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Dictionary.com:
ออกเสียงfact = “FAKT”
Dictionary of Problem Words and Expressions:
fact
There is no such thing as a “false fact.”
Therefore, “true fact” and “true facts” are wordy expressions.
Don’t say “The true facts are . . . “ omit true.
Suppositions and allegations are preferable to
the expression “loose facts.”
Dictionary.com:
IDIOMS ABOUT FACT
after the fact,
Law. after the commission of a crime:
an accessory after the fact.
before the fact,
Law. prior to the commission of a crime:
an accessory before the fact.
American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language:
fact
Usage Note:
Since the word fact means
"a real occurrence, something demonstrated
to exist or known to have existed,"
the phrases true facts and real facts,
as in
The true facts of the case may never be known,
would seem to be redundant.
But fact has a long history of use
in the sense of "an allegation of fact"
or "something that is believed to be true,"
as in this remark by union leader Albert Shanker:
"This tract was distributed to thousands of American teachers,
but the facts and the reasoning are wrong."
This usage has led to the notion of "incorrect facts,"
which causes qualms among critics who insist that facts must be true.
The usages, however, are often helpful
in making distinctions or adding emphasis.
Collins COBUID English Dictionary:
fact
1. 'fact'
A fact is an item of knowledge or information that is true.
It may help you to know the full facts of the case.
The report is several pages long and full of facts and figures.
Be Careful!
Don't talk about 'true facts' or say, for example, 'These facts are true'.
2. 'the fact that'
You can refer to a whole situation
by using a clause beginning with the fact that.
He tried to hide the fact that he was disappointed.
The fact that the centre is overcrowded is the main thing
that people complain about.
Be Careful!
You must use that in clauses like these.
Don't say, for example, 'He tried to hide the fact he was disappointed'.
3. 'in fact'
You use in fact to show that you are giving more detailed information
about what you have just said.
They've been having financial problems.
In fact, they may have to close down.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary:
Trend Watch
Conway: 'Alternative Facts'
Lookups for 'fact' spiked after Kellyanne Conway
described false statements as 'alternative facts'
22 Jan 2017
Fact (“a piece of information presented as having objective reality”)
spiked dramatically on January 22nd,
following an exchange between Chuck Todd and Kellyanne Conway
on NBC’s Meet the Press that was fraught with epistemological tension.
You're saying it's a falsehood, and Sean Spicer,
our press secretary is giving alternative facts to that," Conway shot back.
"Wait a minute, alternative facts?
Alternative facts
— four of the five facts he uttered,
the one that he got right was Zeke Miller,
four of the five facts he uttered are not true.
Alternative facts are not facts — they're falsehoods," Todd replied.
—Maxwell Tani, businessinsider.com, 22 Jan. 2017
There are three obsolete senses of fact in English.
Two of these senses are no longer used:
- a wrong or unlawful deed
- a meritorious or valorous deed
- an action in general
Fact meaning "a wrong or unlawful deed" is rare,
but is still used in the phrase "after the fact."
In contemporary use,
fact is generally understood to refer to
something with actual existence,
or presented as having objective reality.
