2022-03-12 ศัพท์ น่าสับสน - Set – E - extemporaneous & impromptu

Revision E

2022-03-12

ศัพท์ น่าสับสน - Set – E - extemporaneous & impromptu

แนะนำการใช้ ตามที่ส่วนใหญ่ใช้ แต่ละท้องถิ่น 

ความหมาย อาจผันแปร ตาม ตำแหน่ง/หน้าที่ ในประโยค

 

Dictionary.com:

ออกเสียง extemporaneous = “ik-stem-puh-REY-nee-uhs”

ออกเสียง impromptu = “im-PROMP-too” or “-tyoo”

 

Dictionary of Problem Words and Expressions:

extemporaneous & impromptu

These words are applied to something said or done 

without special or advance preparation, 

as one might make a speech 

or perform some act on the “spur of the moment”

(the meaning of extemporaneous in Latin).

Extemporaneous is especially applied to 

an unmemorized speech given form notes or an outline: 

“Following the main address, someone in the audience began a heated extemporaneous discussion of the issues.

Impromptu, derived from a Latin phrase meaning 

“in readiness,” is applied to a speech given, a poem recited, 

or a song sung without advance notice or warning: 

“Although she was startled, Cissy gave an excellent impromptu talk.”

 

Dictionary.com:

SYNONYM STUDY FOR EXTEMPORANEOUS

Extemporaneous, extempore, impromptu, improvised 

are used of expression given without preparation or only partial preparation. 

Extemporaneous and impromptu may both refer to speeches given without any preparation: 

          an extemporaneous (impromptu) speech. 

Extemporaneous may also refer to a speech given from notes or an outline: 

          extemporaneous lectures. 

Although extempore is an adjective with the very same meaning as extemporaneous, 

this word is most often used in its adverbial senses: 

          She spoke extempore, and had the audience's rapt attention. 

Impromptu also refers to poems, songs, etc., 

delivered without preparation and at a moment's notice. 

Improvised is applied to something composed (recited, sung, acted), 

at least in part, as one goes along: an improvised piano accompaniment.

 

Merriam-Webster Dictionary:

Did you know?

Extemporaneous, which comes from Latin ex tempore ("out of the time"), 

joined the English language sometime in the mid-17th century. 

The word impromptu was improvised soon after that. 

In general usage, 

extemporaneous and impromptu are used interchangeably 

to describe off-the-cuff remarks or speeches, 

but this is not the case

when they are used in reference to the learned art of public speaking. 

 

Teachers of speech will tell you that 

an extemporaneous speech is one that has 

been thoroughly prepared and planned but not memorized, 

whereas an impromptu speech is one 

for which absolutely no preparations have been made.

 

Merriam-Webster Dictionary:

Did you know?

If you think that 

impromptu looks like a relative of the adjective prompt, you're right; 

both are ultimately derived from the Latin promere, 

meaning "to bring forth, take out." 

 

Impromptu was borrowed from French, 

where it meant "extemporaneously," 

but French speakers picked it up from the Latin phrase 

in promptu, a promere descendant meaning "in readiness" or "at hand." 

 

Something that is impromptu is generally "prompted" 

(that English verb is from Latin promptus, of the same meaning) 

by an occasion that generates a response in the form of, 

for example, a party or a speech that has not been planned. 

There is also another, much rarer descendant of promere in English: 

the noun promptuary, meaning "a book of ready reference."