2022-03-07
ศัพท์ น่าสับสน - Set – E - ever & every
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Dictionary.com:
ออกเสียง ever = “EV-er”
ออกเสียง every = “EV-ree”
Dictionary of Problem Words and Expressions:
ever & every
Ever means “constantly,” “always,” “at any time,” “repeatedly.”
Every means “each and all without exception.”
Few speakers confuse these words
except in the phrases “ever so often” and “every so often.”
“Ever so often means “frequently,”
whereas every so often means “occasionally,”
“now and then.”
”every which way,” and
“every now and then.”
Trite phrases involving ever and every
include “ever and ever,”
“ever and anon,”
“for ever and a day,”
“every which way,” and
“every now and then.”
Common Errors in English Usage Dictionary:
every
“Every,” “everybody” and “everyone”
and related expressions
are normally treated as singular in American English:
“Every woman I ask out tells me she already has plans for Saturday night.”
However, constructions
like “everyone brought their own lunch”
are widely accepted now
because of a desire to avoid specifying “his” or “her.”
Common Errors in English Usage Dictionary:
Everyday
“Everyday” is a perfectly good adjective,
as in “I’m most comfortable in my everyday clothes.”
The problem comes when people turn
the adverbial phrase “every day” into a single word.
It is incorrect to write “I take a shower everyday.”
It should be “I take a shower every day.”
Collins COBUID English Dictionary:
ever
1. 'ever'
Ever is used in negative sentences, questions, and comparisons
to mean 'at any time in the past' or 'at any time in the future'.
Neither of us had ever skied.
I don't think I'll ever be homesick here.
Have you ever played football?
I'm happier than I've ever been.
2. 'yet'
Don't use ever in questions or negative sentences
to ask whether an expected event has happened,
or to say that it has not happened so far.
Don't say, for example, 'Has the taxi arrived ever?'
or 'The taxi has not arrived ever'.
The word you use is yet.
Have you had your lunch yet?
It isn't dark yet.
See yet
3. 'always'
Don't use ever in positive sentences
to say that there was never a time when something was not true.
Don't say, for example, 'I've ever been happy here'.
Use always.
She was always in a hurry.
Talking to Harold always cheered her up.
See always
4. 'still'
Don't use ever to say that something is continuing to happen.
Don't say, for example, 'When we left, it was ever raining'.
Use still.
Unemployment is still falling.
I'm still a student.
See still
5. 'ever since'
If something has been true ever since a particular time,
it has been true all the time from then until now.
'How long have you lived here?' – 'Ever since I was married.'
We have been good friends ever since.
American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language:
Usage Note:
Every is representative of a group of English words
and expressions that are singular in form but felt to be plural in sense.
The class includes noun phrases
introduced by every, any, and certain uses of some.
These expressions invariably take a singular verb;
we say
Every car has (not have) been tested,
Anyone is (not are) liable to fall ill, and
Some pizza is left over from the party.
But when a sentence contains a pronoun
that refers to a previous noun phrase introduced by every,
grammar and sense pull in different directions.
The grammar of these expressions requires a singular pronoun,
as in Every car must have its brakes tested,
but the meaning often leads people to use the plural pronoun,
as in Every car must have their brakes tested.
The use of plural pronouns in such cases is common in speech,
but it is still widely regarded as incorrect in writing.
The effort to adhere to the grammatical rule causes complications, however
The first is grammatical.
When a pronoun refers to a phrase containing every or any
that falls within a different independent clause,
the pronoun cannot be singular.
Thus it is not idiomatic to say
Every man left;
he took his raincoat with him.
Nor is it grammatical to say
No one could be seen, could he?
If the plural forms seem wrong in these examples
(Every man took their raincoat with them),
one way around the problem is to rephrase the sentence
so as to get the pronoun into the same clause
(as in Every man left, taking his raincoat with him).
Another is to substitute another word for every or any,
usually by casting the entire sentence as plural,
as in All the men left; they took their raincoats with them.
· The second complication involves the issue of gender.
When a phrase introduced by every or any
refers to a group containing both men and women,
what should the gender of the singular pronoun be?
This matter is discussed in the Usage Notes at he and they.
See Usage Notes at all, each, either, he1, neither, none, they.
Collins COBUID English Dictionary:
every
1. 'every'
You use every in front of the singular form of a countable noun
to show that you are referring to all the members of a group
and not just some of them.
She spoke to every person at the party.
I agree with every word Peter says.
This new wealth can be seen in every village.
2. 'every' and 'all'
You can often use every or all with the same meaning.
For example,
'Every student should attend'
means the same as 'All students should attend'.
However, every is followed by the singular form of a noun,
whereas all is followed by the plural form.
Every child is entitled to free education.
All children love to build and explore.
See all
3. 'each'
Instead of 'every' or 'all', you sometimes use each.
You use each when you are thinking about
the members of a group as individuals.
Each customer has the choice of thirty colours.
Each meal will be served in a different room.
See each
4. referring back to 'every'
You usually use a singular pronoun
such as he, she, him, or her to refer back
to an expression beginning with every.
Every businesswoman would have a secretary if she could.
However, when you are referring back to an expression
such as every student or every inhabitant
which does not indicate a specific sex,
you usually use they or them.
Every employee knew exactly what their job was.
5. used with expressions of time
You use every to show that something happens at regular intervals.
They met every day.
Every Monday there is a staff meeting.
Every and all do not have the same meaning
when they are used with expressions of time.
For example, if you do something every morning,
you do it regularly each morning.
If you do something all morning,
you spend the whole of one morning doing it.
He goes running every day.
I was busy all day.
6. 'every other'
If something happens, for example, every other year
or every second year, it happens one year,
then does not happen the next year,
then happens the year after that, and so on.
We only save enough money to take a real vacation every other year.
It seemed easier to shave every second day.
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