2022-02-07 ศัพท์ น่าสับสน - Set – D – differ & vary & different

Revision D

2022-02-07

ศัพท์ น่าสับสน - Set – D – differ & vary & different 

แนะนำการใช้ ตามที่ส่วนใหญ่ใช้ แต่ละท้องถิ่น 

ความหมาย อาจผันแปร ตาม ตำแหน่ง/หน้าที่ ในประโยค

 

Dictionary.com:

ออกเสียง differ = “DIF-er”

ออกเสียง different = “DIF-er-uhnt” or “DIF-ruhnt”

ออกเสียง vary = “VAIR-ee”

 

Common Errors in English Usage Dictionary:

Differ & vary

“Vary” can mean “differ,” 

but saying “our opinions vary” makes it sound 

as if they were changing all the time 

when what you really mean is “our opinions differ.” 

Pay attention to context when choosing one of these words.

 

Dictionary of Problem Words and Expressions:

different

This word is an adjective, not a noun. 

“He doesn’t know any different” is standard informal usage, but

“He doesn’t see anydifferent between them” is an illiterate statement.

In a remark 

such as “I consulted three different layers,” different is superfluous.

It is also unneeded in “I bought three different kinds of soap.” 

 

Merriam-Webster Dictionary:

History and Etymology for differ

Middle English differren, differen, 

borrowed from Middle French & Latin; 

Middle French differer "to be different," 

borrowed (with conjugational change) from Latin differre 

"to carry away n varying directions, spread abroad, postpone, delay, be unlike or distinct," 

from dif-, assimilated form of dis- DIS- + ferre "to carry, convey"

 

NOTE: The meanings of Latin differre, in particular the sense 

"to be unlike or distinct," copy those of Greek diaphérein, formed

with the cognate verb phérein "to carry." 

English differ is not distinct etymologically from DEFER entry 1;

the two were originally variants with stress on either 

the first or last syllable, 

with the meanings "delay" and "be unlike" 

eventually being restricted to one of the two variants.

 

Collins COBUILD English Usage:

differ

If two things are different from each other in some way, 

you can say that one thing differs from the other. 

Differ is a fairly formal word.

Schoolchildren's needs differ from those of adults.

How does it differ from what's happening in Poland?

The problems the Chinese face differ importantly from those facing Africa.

 

Merriam-Webster Dictionary:

Choose the Right Synonym for vary

Change, Alter, Vary, Modify 

mean to make or become different.

Change implies making either an essential difference often

amounting to a loss of original identity or a substitution ofone thing for another.  

changed the shirt for a larger size 

Alter implies a difference in some particular respect 

without suggesting loss of identity.  

slightly altered the original design

Vary stresses a breaking away from sameness, duplication, or exact repetition.  

vary your daily routine

Modify suggests a difference that limits, restricts, or adapts to a new purpose.  

modified the building for use by the disabled 

 

Dictionary.com:

USAGE NOTE FOR DIFFERENT

Although it is frequently claimed that 

different should be followed only by from, not by than, 

in actual usage both words occur and have for at least 300 years. 

 

From is more common today in introducing a phrase, 

but than is also used: 

New York speech is different from (or than ) that of Chicago. 

 

Than is used to introduce a clause: 

The stream followed a different course than the map showed. 

In sentences of this type, from is sometimes used instead of than; 

when it is, more words are necessary: 

a different course from the one the map showed. 

 

Regardless of the sentence construction, 

both from and than are standard after different 

in all varieties of spoken and written American English.

 

In British English to frequently follows different : 

The early illustrations are very different to the later ones. 

 

The use of different in the sense “unusual”

is well established in all but the most formal American English: 

The décor in the new restaurant is really different.

 

Merriam-Webster Dictionary:

Choose the Right Synonym for different

Adjective

Different, Diverse, Divergent, Disparate, Various 

mean unlike in kind or character.

Different may imply little more than separateness 

but it may also imply contrast or contrariness.  

different foods

Diverse implies both distinctness and marked contrast.  

such diverse interests as dancing and football

Divergent implies movement away from each other 

and unlikelihood of ultimate meeting or reconciliation.  

went on to pursue divergent careers

Disparate emphasizes incongruity or incompatibility.  

disparate notions of freedom

Various stresses the number of sorts or kinds.  

tried various methods