2022-02-06 ศัพท์ น่าสับสน - Set – D - Desperate & disparate

Revision D

2022-02-06

ศัพท์ น่าสับสน - Set – D - Desperate & disparate

แนะนำการใช้ ตามที่ส่วนใหญ่ใช้ แต่ละท้องถิ่น 

ความหมาย อาจผันแปร ตาม ตำแหน่ง/หน้าที่ ในประโยค

 

Dictionary.com:

ออกเสียง desperate = “DES-per-it” or “DES-prit”

ออกเสียง disparate = “DIS-per-it” or “dih-DPAR-it”

 

The A-Z of Correct English Common Errors in English Dictionary:

desperate & disparate

The word is derived from spes (Latin word for hope).

This may help you to remember the e in the middle syllable.

 

Merriam-Webster Dictionary:

Choose the Right Synonym for desperate

Despondent, Despairing, Desperate, Hopeless

mean having lost all or nearly all hope.

Despondent implies a deep dejection arising from a conviction of the uselessness of further effort.  

despondent about yet another rejection

Despairing suggests the slipping away of all hope and often despondency.  

despairing appeals for the return of the kidnapped child

Desperate implies despair that prompts reckless action or violence in the face of defeat or frustration.  

one last desperate attempt to turn the tide of battle

Hopeless suggests despair and the cessation of effort or resistance and often implies acceptance or resignation.  

the situation of the trapped miners is hopeless 

 

Merriam-Webster Dictionary:

Choose the Right Synonym for disparate

Different, Diverse, Divergent, Disparate, Various 

mean unlike in kind or character.

Different may imply little more than separateness but it may also imply contrast or contrariness.  

different foods

Diverse implies both distinctness and marked contrast.  

such diverse interests as dancing and football

Divergent implies movement away from each other and unlikelihood of ultimate meeting or reconciliation.  

went on to pursue divergent careers

Disparate emphasizes incongruity or incompatibility.  

disparate notions of freedom

Various stresses the number of sorts or kinds.  

tried various methods 

 

Merriam-Webster Dictionary:

Did you know?

Have you ever tried to sort differingobjects into separate categories? 

If so, you're well prepared to understand the origins of disparate. 

The word, which first appeared in English in the 16th century, 

derives from disparatus, the past participle of the Latin verb disparare, meaning "to separate." Disparare, in turn, comes from parare, a verb meaning "to prepare." 

Other descendants of parare in English

include both separate and prepare, 

as well as repair, apparatus, and even vituperate 

("to criticize harshly and usually publicly"). 

Disparate also functions as a noun. 

The noun, which is rare and usually used in the plural,

means "one of two or more things so unequal

or unlike that they cannot be compared with each other," 

as in "The yoking of disparates, the old and the new, continues to be a [poet Anne] Carson strategy" (Daisy Fried, The New York Times, 21 Apr. 2013).

 

Merriam-Webster Dictionary:

Commonly Confused

The Disparity Between 'Desperate' and 'Disparate'

One's for a last-ditch effort, the other's for a vast difference.

What to Know

Desperate is an adjective with        

meanings related to having no hope, suffering extreme anxiety, 

and involving possible disaster, among others. 

Disparate denotes that

“things are markedly different from each other.”

The adjectives desperate and disparate sound similar 

and could easily be confused by someone

who is unfamiliar with either word. 

(Or maybe someone with an overzealous autocorrect.) 

But fear not; we can help take away that anxiety.

 

Using 'Desperate'

Of the two, 

desperate is more common and has a greater range of meaning. 

Desperate shares a root with despair,

with both words deriving from the Latin verb sperare, 

meaning "to hope." 

It has many shades of meaning, 

but most pertain to the notion of having lost hope, 

or of wanting or needing something badly.

 

The idiom desparate times call for desparate measures 

uses two senses of the word; 

it means that when are in a situation of dire need (as for money), 

you might be more likely to commit an extreme or dangerousaction.

 

Using 'Disparate'

Disparate is about difference. 

Two things that are disparate are markedly different

in quality or character, 

or are different in such a way that 

it is not apparent how they fit or work together:

Disparate derives from the past participle of the Latin disparāre, 

meaning "to divide, separate off, make different." 

It is related to the noun disparity,

a word often used to indicate 

how different types of people are treated differently, 

as in "racial/ethnic disparities"

or "the disparity of incomes among neighborhoods."