2022-02-02 ศัพท์ น่าสับสน - Set – D - deduce & deduct

Revision D

2022-02-02

ศัพท์ น่าสับสน - Set – D - deduce & deduct

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Dictionary.com:

ออกเสียง deduce = “dih-DOOS” or “-DYOOS”

ออกเสียง deduct = “dih-DUHKT”

 

Dictionary of Problem Words and Expressions:

deduce & deduct

To deduce is to reach a conclusion from something known or assumed: “The officers deduced that the criminal was a man.”

 

To deduct is “to take away from,” “to subtract”: 

“After you deduct your expenses, you will have little left.”

 

Merriam-Webster Dictionary:

Choose the Right Synonym for deduce

Infer, Deduce, Conclude, Judge, Gather

mean to arrive at a mental conclusion.

Infer implies arriving at a conclusion by reasoning from evidence; 

if the evidence is slight, the term comes close to surmise.  

from that remark, I inferred that they knew each other

Deduce often adds to Infer the special implication of drawing a particular inference from a generalization.  

denied we could deduce anything important from human mortality

Conclude implies arriving at a necessary inference at the end of a chain of reasoning.  

concluded that only the accused could be guilty

Judge stresses a weighing of the evidence on which a conclusion is based.  

judge people by their actions

Gather suggests an intuitive forming of a conclusion from implications.  

gathered their desire to be alone without a word 

 

Frequently Asked Questions About deduce

 

What is the difference between deduction and induction?

Deductive reasoning, or deduction, 

is making an inferencebased on widely accepted facts or premises. 

 

If a beverage is defined as "drinkable through a straw," 

one could use deduction to determine soup to be a beverage. 

 

Inductive reasoning, or induction,

is making an inferencebased on an observation, often of a sample. 

 

You can induce that the soup is tasty if you observe all of your friends consuming it. 

 

What is the difference between abduction and deduction?

Abductive reasoning, or abduction,

is making a probable conclusion from what you know. 

 

If you see an abandoned bowl of hot soup on the table, 

you can use abduction to conclude the owner of the soup is likely returning soon. 

 

Deductive reasoning, or deduction, 

is making an inference based on widely accepted facts or premises. 

If a meal is described as "eaten with a fork"

you may use deduction to determine that it is solid food, 

rather than, say, a bowl of soup.

 

What is the difference between deduction and adduction?

Adduction is "the action of drawing (something, such as a limb) toward or past the median axis of the body," 

and "the bringing together of similar parts."

 

Deduction may be "an act of taking away," 

or "something that is subtracted." 

 

Both words may be traced in part to the Latin dūcere, 

meaning "to lead."

 

Merriam-Webster Dictionary:

Sherlock Holmes Words

deduction

Definition

: the deriving of a conclusion by reasoning; 

specifically : 

inference in which the conclusion about particulars 

follows necessarily from general or universal premises

 

About the word

Holmes himself refers to his method of reasoning as deduction, 

and the word appears many times in the original stories 

(as does the verb deduce).

 

A related word is induction,

which means “inference of a generalized conclusion from particular instances.” 

Holmes probably inferred the general from the specific 

as often as he inferred the specific from the general,

 

but induction is never used in the stories. 

Unsurprisingly, given the relationship between logic and math, 

both words also have mathematical meanings.