2021-04-09 ศัพท์ น่าสับสน ชุด – A – adverse & averse

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2021-04-09

ศัพท์ น่าสับสน ชุด – A – adverse & averse

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Dictionary.com

ออกเสียง adverse =  ‘ad-VURS’ or ‘AD-vurs’

ออกเสียง averse = ‘uh-VURS’

The A-Z of Correct English Common Errors in English Dictionary

adverse or averse?

These two words have different meanings.

The ferries were cancelled owing to ADVERSE weather conditions.

(= unfavorable)

She is not AVERSE to publicity. (= opposed)

Abused, Confused, & Misused Words by Mary Embree

Adverse = antagonistic:

adverse criticism;

= unlucky; disastrous;

= unfavorable; catastrophic:

an extremely adverse reaction to a medication;

= an opposing position; opposite:

the adverse page.

Not to be confused with:

averse = unwilling; loath; a feeling of antipathy,

repugnance or great distaste:

He was averse to overcrowded places.

[Adverse is seldom used of people.

It pertains more often to effects or events:

adverse reviews; adverse conditions; adverse trends.

Averse is used of people and means opposed or disinclined:

We are not averse to staying in town another day.

Averse is usually followed by to.]

Dictionary.com

WORDS OFTEN CONFUSED WITH ADVERSE

The adjectives adverse and averse

are related both etymologically and semantically,

each having “opposition” as a central sense.

Adverse is seldom used of people but rather of effectsor events,

and it usually conveys a sense of hostilityor harmfulness:

adverse reviews; adverse winds; adverse trends in the economy.

Related nounsare

adversity and adversary:

Adversities breed bitterness.

His adversaries countered his every move.

Averse is used of persons

and means “feeling opposed or disinclined”;

it often occurs idiomatically with a preceding negative

to convey the opposite meaning “willing or agreeable,”

and is not interchangeable with adverse in these contexts:

We are not averse to holding another meeting.

The related noun is aversion:

She has a strong aversion to violence.

Averse is usually followed by to, in older useoccasionally by from.

Merriam-Webster Dictionary

Usage Notes

'Adverse' or 'Averse'?

Don't be opposed tousing either one

Last Updated: 4 Sep 2019

What to Know

Both adverse and averse are used to indicate opposition.

Adverse, usually applied to things,

often means "harmful" or"unfavorable"

and is used in instances like "adverse effects from the medication."

Averse usually applies to people

and means "having a feeling of distasteor dislike."

It is often used with to or from

to describe someone having an aversion to something specific,

such as "he is averseto taking risks" or "he is risk averse."

English has many pairs of words

which look, sound, and taste alike.

Some of these (such as preventive and preventative)

are more or less synonymous.

Others, despite an orthographic similarity

(such as allusion and illusion),

have markedly different meanings.

And still others (such as averse and adverse)

fall somewhere between.

The Meaning of 'Adverse'

Bothadjectives are commonly used

to indicate opposition to a thing, or disfavor,

but each has specific settings in

which it is more appropriate, or applicable.

Adverse

(“harmful,” “unfavorable,” “actingagainst or in a contrary direction”)

tends to be found applied to things, rather than people,

and is far more commonly used in an attributive sense.

Among the words it most commonly modifies

are effect, reaction, and impact.

The symptoms of malaria and adverse effects of treatment can be difficult to separate.
— The New England Journal of Medicine, 14 Jun. 1990

More specific descriptions of adverse and beneficial impacts may be provided for individual Impact Topics
— Dept. of the Interior, Grand Canyon National Park Special Flight Tules Area, 18 Feb. 2011

“This whole movement to solve the problem by rent control, in my opinion, is going to have an adverse reaction,” he said. “At every corner, developers have to go through hell to get a project built in California.”
— Jill Cowan, The New York Times, 9 Jul. 2019

The Meaning of 'Averse'

Averse (“havingan active feeling of repugnance, dislike, or distaste”)

is far more likely to be used of people,

and most often is found with the preposition to directlyfollowing

(although the word is alsoused with from,

and may be found in the company of other words,

indicating an aversion to that thing, such as risk averse).

Moreover, if report spoke true—and reports do not arise without cause—Coppinger was not averse from taking advantage, and that unlawful advantage, of a wreck.
— Sabine Baring-Gould, In the Roar of the Sea, 1892

Administrators now demand that we professors, the most risk-averse occupational group outside the Roman Catholic curia, adopt habits of flexibility and entrepreneurship that our educations systematically bred out of us.
— Chris Gallagher, College English, Sept. 2010

Averse to domesticity, you read for your Ph.D.
Your four-year-old looked like a miniature
John Lennon.
You fed him peanut butter from the jar and raised him
on Beowulf and Grendel.
— Carolyn Kizer, Harping On: Poems, 1985-1995, 1996

It would be overly simplistic to say

that adverse should be entirely restricted to things

and averse to people;

after all, we all know

specific peoplewho have had an adverse effect on our lives.

But it is useful to remember that there is a distinction

in meaning between the two words

— you might well say that you are averse to having an adverse reaction, but you would not say

that youare adverse to having an averse reaction.

Dictionary.com

ADVERSE VS. AVERSE

What's the difference between adverse and averse?

Adverse most commonly means unfavorable or hostile,

as in adverse conditions, adverse weather, or adverse criticism.

Averse means strongly opposed to

or having a feeling of strong dislike toward something,

as in I’m extremely averse to taking on debt.

Averse is often used in negative constructions,

as in We are not averse to negotiations.

It’s also usedin the term risk-averse,

meaning reluctant to take risks ortending to avoid risk.

Confusion can arise between the two terms

because both are adjectives that involve unfavorableness or opposition.

 However, adverse typically describes circumstances,

while averse typically describes

the way someone feels toward something.

One way to remember

which word is which is to remember,

that adverse, in a very general sense, means bad,

which rhymes with the first part of the word.

On the other hand,

when you’re averse to something,

you have a very strong oppositionto it.

It may also be helpfulto remember that

the noun form of adverse is adversity,

which means hostile or unfavorableconditions.

The noun form of averse is aversion,

meaning a strong feeling of dislike or opposition.

Here’s an exampleof adverse and averse usedcorrectly in a sentence.

Example: I’m not averse to taking risks for the sake of adventure,

but I just don’t think it’s safe to skydive in such adverse weather.

Merriam-Webster Dictionary

Choose the Right Synonym for averse

DISINCLINED, HESITANT, RELUCTANT, LOATH, AVERSE

mean lackingthe will or desire to do something indicated.

DISINCLINED implies lack of taste for or inclination.

disinclined to move again disinclined for reading

HESITANT implies a holding back especially through fear or uncertainty.

hesitant about asking for a date

RELUCTANT implies a holding back through unwillingness.

a reluctant witness

LOATH implies hesitancy because of conflict with one's opinions, predilections, or liking.

seems loath to trust anyone

AVERSE implies a holding back from or avoiding because of distaste or repugnance.

averse to hard work not averse to an occasional drink

Merriam-Webster Dictionary

Adverse vs. Averse

Many peoplefind themselves confused

when faced with the choice between adverse and averse.

While these two adjectives have many similarities,

they are not used interchangeably.

If you want to describea negative reaction to something

(such as a harmful side effectfrom medication)

or dangerous meteorological conditions (such as a snowstorm),

adverse is the correct choice;

you would not say that

you had an averse reaction to medication

or that there was averse weather.

Averse is most commonly followed by the preposition to

(as in "she is averse to shellfish"),

but not in every case; you can,

for example, describe someone as “risk averse."

Normally, averse to signifies a degree of dislike and avoidance,

but when preceded by the word not

(as in “he was not averse tohaving another drink”),

it may be used as a pointedly understated way

to express an interest in something.

In short, adverse tends to be

used to describe effects, conditions, and results;

while averse refers to feelings and inclinations.

Common Errors In English Usage Dictionary

Adverse & averse

The word “adverse” turns up most frequently

in the phrase “adversecircumstances,”

meaning difficult circumstances,

circumstanceswhich act as an adversary;

but people often confuse this wordwith “averse,” a much rarer word,

meaning having a strong feeling against, or aversion toward.

Dictionary of Problem Words in English

adverse & averse

Adverse means “opposed,” “contrary,” “hostile.”

Aversemeans “reluctant” and “unwilling”

and implies a holding back because of distasteor dislike.

“The employees had an adverse opinion of the company plan.”

“The company treasurer is averse to lending money to anyone.”