2021-04-06 ศัพท์ น่าสับสน ชุด – A – actual & real & virtual

Revision A

2021-04-06

ศัพท์ น่าสับสน ชุด – A – actual & real & virtual

แนะนำการใช้ ตามที่ส่วนใหญ่ใช้ แต่ละท้องถิ่น

ความหมาย อาจผันแปร ตาม ตำแหน่ง/หน้าที่ ในประโยค

Dictionary.com

(For detail usage of ACTUAL please See GTK#689899)

ออกเสียง real = ‘REE-uhl’ or ‘REEL”

ออกเสียง virtual = ‘VUR-choo-uhl’

Abused, Confused, & Misused Words by Mary Embree

Real = true; existing; actual:

the real reason

Notto be confused with:

reel= winding device; a spool; a dance:

danced the Virginia Reel

Collins COBUILD English Usage

real

Real is used to say that something actually exists.

...real or imagined feelings of inferiority.

Robert squealed in mock terror, then in real pain.

You also use real to say that a substance or object

is genuine and not artificial.

I would never wear real fur.

Rudolph couldn't tell whether the jewellery was real or not.

Some American speakers

use real in front of an adjective or adverb

for emphasiswhen speaking informally.

That suit looks real nice.

I'm being looked after real well.

This use is generally regarded as incorrect,

both in British and American English.

Instead of 'real', you should use really.

It was really good.

He did it really carefully.

See really

Dictionary.com

SYNONYM STUDY FOR REAL

Real, actual, true

in general use describe objects, persons, experiences, etc.,

that are what they are said or purport to be.

That which is described as real

is genuine as opposed to counterfeit, false, ormerely supposed:

a real emerald; real leather binding;

My real ambition is to be a dentist.

Actual usually stresses contrastwith another state of affairs

that has been proposed or suggested:

The actual cost is much less;

to conceal one's actual motive.

True implies a perfect correspondencewith actuality

and is in direct contrast to that which is falseor inaccurate:

a true account of the events; not bravado but true courage.

See also authentic.

Dictionary.com

USAGE NOTE FOR REAL

The intensifying adverb real, meaning “very,” is informal

and limited to speech or to written representationsof speech:

He drives a real beat-up old car.

The adjective real meaning “true, actual, genuine, etc.,”

is standard in all typesof speech and writing:

Their real reasons for objecting became clear in the discussion.

The informal adjective sense “absolute, complete”

is alsolimitedto speech or representations of speech:

These interruptions are a real bother.

Merriam-Webster Dictionary

Words We're Watching

Are You 'For Reals?'

This article is definitely 'for reals.'

What does it mean when a young person says that a thing is "for reals"?

Is it the same as "for real"? And if so, why the additional S?

Does this apparently superfluous letter serve a useful role,

or is it simply thereto indicate something along the lines of

"YES!!! I placed a needless letter at the end of a word,

and I did it expressly to taunt you!

You envy and resent my youth in equal measure,

and have resorted to telling people younger than you

that their playful language is emblematic of a decline in society.

Nevertheless, I shrug off your concerns

and have changed the phrase for real to for reals."

Not exactly, but maybe not too far off either.

No one can really say why the teen in your life is using the phrase,

but though for reals is not yet entered in our dictionary,

it is a Word We're Watching, and you should be watching it too.

The use of for reals appears to

have begun within the last several decades.

There are many theories about where this pairing of words originated(California surfers, people in New Mexico, certain movies, rappers, etc.), noneof which have yet established their parentage in definite fashion.

Although it may be used as in interjection

(indicating approval or assent)

for reals also appears,

to frequently carry the same meaning

as one of the intended meanings of for real.

1. 1. In earnest ("we are fighting for real")
2. 2. Genuine ("is that acceptance letter for real?")
3. 3. Genuinely good orcapable of success ("we're not yet sure if this team is for real")

For real has been in use since at least the early 20th century.

It should be noted that for reals

is not the first way that we've added

something unnecessary to the end of the word real.

For realsies has enjoyed a certain degree of currency

over the past number of decades.

However, before for realsies was firmly established,

realsies was used by itself;

the initial use of the word,

while still dealing with aspects of reality,

was focused on a somewhat different meaning

than is commonly intended today.

This sense of realsies appears to have been coined

in response to the already extant use of the word falsie

("an artificial addition to a bodily part worn to enhanceappearance;

specifically: a breast-shaped usually fabric

or rubber cup used to pad a brassiere").

We will continue monitoring the use and spread of for reals,

and should it meet the criteria for inclusion,

will open space for it in our dictionary.

This is the point at which we remind you that

widespread approval of a new word

is not a prerequisite for its adoption into a language (or a dictionary).

For reals.                                                                               

Dictionary.com

VOCAB BUILDER

What does virtual mean?

Virtual is most generally used to describe something

as being the same as something else in almost every way,

except perhapsin name or some other minor, technical sense.

For example, describing a company as a virtual monopoly

means it’s pretty much a monopoly but not technically one,

perhaps because it has a few minor competitors.

Virtual also commonly means

simulated or extended by computer software.

The word is used this way in virtual reality,

which refers to a fully simulated environment.

Some things described as virtual

may not be quite as immersive as virtual reality,

such asa virtual museum tour that you can navigate on a website.

Sometimes, things described as virtual

may not involve simulation at all,

such asa virtual meeting or a virtual concert.

The useof virtual in these phrases

represents a more recent sense of the word

that means something like “remote and via the internet”

(especially, when accessed via a live video feed).

The adverb form virtually can be used in the same way,

as in I can’t make it into the office, but I’ll be working virtually.

Virtually is perhaps most commonly used

in a more general way to mean

in effectthough not in fact,

as in Today, virtually all cell phones are smartphones.

Close synonymsare nearly, practically, and just about

—they all mean virtually the same thing.

Example: The virtual convention will feature real speeches from virtually every VR expert in the industry.

Where does virtual come from?

The first records of the word virtual come from around 1400.

It comes from the Medieval Latin virtuālis, meaning “effective”

(in the sense of having the effect of something

without the form or appearance of it).

The various senses of virtual are quite different,

but they all involve something that’s not quite the real thing.

Most generally, virtual is used to describe

things as almost identical to but not exactly something else.

The adverb virtually is perhaps

most commonly used to describe things in this way.

The more specific use of virtual often involves computer simulations,

as in virtual reality and virtual rendering.

More recently,

virtual has come to be used to describe

things that aren’t simulations but realthings that can be experienced

in a remote location in some way, often via a live video feed.

This is how virtual is most commonly used in the term virtual school,

which refers to an educational program

that takes place in a virtual environment.

Though it usually takes place on a computer screen,

virtual school can take different forms.

It may consist of a conventional classroom scenario

simply moved online in the form of a live, two-wayvideo stream

in which a teacher and their students can interact in real time.

It can also consist of a less interactive model,

in which students can access educational materials

through a computer interface,

often with occasional communication with an instructor.

Or it can be a blend of these approaches.

Virtual school can also refer to a specific school

that provides instruction using such programs,

as in My daughter attends a virtual school.

Dictionary of Problem Words in English

actual& real & virtual

Actual and real are related in meaning

(“existingin fact,” “not imaginary”), but they may be distinguished.

Actual places emphasis upon

coming into a sphere of fact or action

and applies to facts as they now are or have become.

Real expresses objective existence

and applies especially to facts rooted in nature.

Virtual means “having the effect but not the form of what is specified.”

“Is this an actual assignment or only something to keep me busy?”

“Is this real money or counterfeit?”

“After the president resigned, the vice president was the virtual head of the firm.”