2021-04-02 ศัพท์ น่าสับสน ชุด – A – abjure & adjure

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2021-04-02

ศัพท์ น่าสับสน ชุด – A – abjure & adjure

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Dictionary.com

ออกเสียง abjure = ‘ab-JOOR’ or ‘ab-JUR’

ออกเสียง adjure = ‘uh-JOOR’

Abused, Confused, & Misused Words by Mary Embree

Abjure = repudiate, recant, or retract;

   = to renounce under oath, forswear:

abjure allegiance;

abjure a confession

Not to be confused with:

adjure= to charge or command earnestly,

often under the threat of a penalty;

   = to entreat solemnly:

to adjure the witness to tell the truth

Dictionary of Problem Words in English

abjure & adjure

These “look-alikes” are often confused

but can be kept straightby concentrating on their prefixes.

Ab-, a formal element occurring in loan words from Latin,

means “away from.”

Abjure suggests putting aside, renouncing, repudiating, giving up.

Ad- means “toward”;

adjure means “to direct a charge or command to or toward someone.”

 “’The man without a country,’ Philip Nolan, abjured allegiance to the United States.”

“The minister adjured us to stop stealing and swearing.”

Merriam-Webster Dictionary

Choose the Right Synonym for abjure

ABJURE, RENOUNCE, FORSWEAR, RECANT, RETRACT

mean to withdraw one's word or professed belief.

ABJURE implies a firm and final rejecting

or abandoning often made under oath.

abjured the errors of his former faith

RENOUNCE may carry the meaning of disclaim or disown.

renounced abstract art and turned to portrait painting

FORSWEAR may add an implication of perjury or betrayal.

I cannot forswear my principles

RECANT stresses the withdrawing or denying

of something professed or taught.

if they recant they will be spared

RETRACT applies to the withdrawing of a promise, an offer,

or an accusation.

the newspaper had to retract the story

Merriam-Webster Dictionary

abjure

Did You Know?

Just as a jury swears to produce an unbiased verdict,

and a witness swears to tell the truth on pain of perjury,

those who abjuretheir former ways "swear them away."

"Abjure" (as well as "jury" and "perjury")

comes from Latin jurare, which means "to swear"

(and which in turn is based on the root jus, meaning"law"),

plus the prefix ab-, meaning "away."

These days, we can casually abjure (that is, abstain from) vices

such as smoking orovereating,

but in the 15th and 16th centuries to abjure was a matter of

renouncing something under oath

-and sometimes a matter of life and death.

For example, during the Spanish Inquisition,

individuals were given the choice

between abjuring unacceptable beliefsand being burned at the stake.

Merriam-Webster Dictionary

Trending: ‘abjure’

Lookups spiked 6,700% on May 1, 2019

Why are people looking up abjure?

Abjure topped lookups on May 1, 2019,

during Attorney General William Barr's testimony

before the Senate Judiciary Co/mmittee.

Barr was askedby Senator Sheldon Whitehouse:

“Have you ever referred to authorized department investigative activities officially or publicly as “spying”?

The Attorney General replied:

“I’m not going to abjure the use of the word spying ... I don’t think

the word spying has any pejorative connotation at all.”

He later added: "I don't consider it a pejorative."

Both spy and spying also spiked in our data from this testimony

(though it was not the first time they've received extra attention from this story).

What does abjure mean?

Abjure is a term used in legal contexts

that has two main meanings.

Attorney General Barr was using sense 2 in his testimony:

1a : to renounce upon oath

("He abjuredhis allegiance to his former country.")
b : to reject solemnly

("She abjuredher old beliefs.")

2 : to abstain from : AVOID

Where does abjure come from?

Abjure ultimately comes from the Latin prefix ab- ("away" or "off") and jūrāre (“to swear”), so that it literally means "to swear away."

It came to Englishthrough French from the Medieval Latin

word abjūrāre, meaning "to repudiate, renounce (a rightor claim),

swear to stay away from."

What is notable about this use of abjure?

Use of abjure to mean "to avoid"

is probably less common than its use to mean"to renounce."

Citations

It will create no surprise that both Houses of Convocation have at last stirred themselves to abjure the use of the word “damnation” in the New Testament and in the Prayer Book.
— The Daily Telegraph (London, Eng.), 7 May 1918

Merriam-Webster Dictionary

Choose the Right Synonym for adjure

BEG, ENTREAT, BESEECH, IMPLORE, SUPPLICATE, ADJURE, IMPORTUNE

mean to ask urgently.

BEG suggests earnestness or insistencein the asking.

they begged for help

ENTREAT implies an effort to persuade or to overcome resistance.

entreated me to join them

BESEECH and IMPLORE imply a deeply felt anxiety.

I beseech you to have mercy implored her not to leave him

SUPPLICATE suggests a posture of humility.

with bowed heads they supplicated their Lord

ADJURE implies advising as well as pleading.

we were adjured to tell the truth

IMPORTUNE suggests an annoying persistence in

trying to break down resistance to a request.

importuning viewers for contributions

Merriam-Webster Dictionary

What is the Difference Between

adjure,entreat, importune, And implore?

Adjure and its synonyms "entreat," "importune," and "implore"

all mean"to ask earnestly."

"Entreat"implies an effort to persuade or overcome resistance.

"Importune" goes further, adding a sense of

annoying persistencein trying to break down resistance

to a request.

"Implore,"on the other hand, suggests a great urgency

or anguished appeal on the part of the speaker.

"Adjure"implies advising as well as pleading,

and is sometimes accompanied by the invocation of something sacred.

Be careful not to confuse "adjure" with abjure,

meaning "to renounce solemnly" or "to abstain from."

Both words are rootedin Latin jurare,

meaning "to swear,"

but "adjure" includes the prefix ad-,

meaning"to" or "toward,"

whereas "abjure"draws on ab-,

meaning "from" or "away."