2021-01-06 ศัพท์ น่าสับสน ชุด S – Scotch – scot – Scotsman

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2021-01-06

ศัพท์ น่าสับสน ชุด S – Scotch – scot – Scotsman

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Dictionary.com

ออกเสียง Scotch = ‘SKOCH’

ออกเสียง Scottish = ‘SKOT-ish’

ออกเสียง scot - noun = ‘SKOT’

ออกเสียง Scotsman = ‘SKOTS-muhn’

Dictionary.com

WORDS OFTEN CONFUSED WITH SCOTCH

The natives of Scotland refer to themselvesas Scots

or, in the singular, Scot, Scotsman, or Scotswoman.

The related adjectives are Scottish

or, less commonly, Scots.

Scotch as a noun or adjectiveis objected to by the Scots

except when used of whisky

and in established phrases like Scotch egg and Scotch pine.

In the United States,

Scotch is often used in inforrmalspeech and writing

where the Scots themselves, or some Americans of Scottish descent,

would prefer Scottish or Scots.

The term Scotch-Irish is standard in the United States

for the descendants of the Scots of Ulster

who immigrated to Americabeginning in the 18th century.

Collins English Dictionary &

British Dictionary Definitions for SCOTCH

USAGE FOR SCOTCH

In the north of England and in Scotland,

Scotch is not used outside fixed expressions

such as Scotch whisky.

The use of Scotch for Scots or Scottish

is otherwise felt to be incorrect, esp when applied to people

Random House Webster's Dictionary

The term SCOTCH - IRISH is standard in the U.S.

for the descendants of the Ulster Scots in America.

Random House Kernerman Webster's College Dictionary

usage:

The natives of Scotland refer to themselves as Scots

or, in the singular, Scot, Scotsman, or Scotswoman.

The related adjectives are Scottish or, less commonly, Scots.

Scotch as a noun or adjective is objected to by the Scots

except when used of whisky and in established phrases

like Scotch egg and Scotch pine.

In the U.S. and England,

Scotch is often used in informal speech and writing.

The term Scotch-Irish is standard in the U.S.

for the descendants of the Ulster Scots in America.

American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language,

Scots

Usage Note:

Scottish is the full, original formof the adjective.

Scots is an old Scottish variant.

Scotch is an English contractionof Scottish

that came into use in Scotland as well for a time

(as in Burns's "O thou, my Muse! guid auld Scotch drink!")

but subsequently came to be viewed there as insulting.

For this reason,

forms involving Scotch are best avoided in reference to people;

designations formed with Scots are most common

(Scot, Scotsman, or Scotswoman),

but those involving the full form Scottish

are sometimes found in more formal contexts.

Scotch-Irish is a commonly used termfor

the descendants of Scots who migrated to North America,

but lately Scots-Irish has begun to gain currency among those

who know that Scotch is considered offensive in Scotland.

There is, however, no sure rule,

especially when referring to thingsrather than people,

since the history of variation in the use of these words

has left many expressions in which the choice is fixed,

such as Scotch broth, Scotch whisky, Scottish rite, and Scots Guards.

Merriam-Webster Dictionary

Usage Notes

'Scots', 'Scotch', and 'Scottish'

What's the difference between these words?

Perhaps you have been invited to a Burns Supper,

the ceremonial gathering in honor of the poetRobert Burns,

which typically takes place on January 25th

and involves the intentional consumption of both whiskey and haggis.

In preparation,

you have turned to the dictionary to help you with a tricky question:

What is the difference between Scots, Scotch, and Scottish?

It’s a bit complicated. Sorry.

Each one of these words may be defined (as an adjective) as

“of or relating to Scotland or its people,”

and each one may also be defined (as a noun) as “the Scots language.”

However, some uses are more common than others.

Most of you who are interested in the answer to this question

were probably hoping that there would be some pithy aphorism

that you could easily commit to memory.

We’ll try our best to supply one of these,

but since we’re dealing with Scottish and English,

and people can’t even agree on

whether these are the same language or not, it’s tricky.

For instance,

if you look Scots up in this dictionary

you will find the following possible meanings:

(adj.) of or relating to Scotlandor its people

(n.) the English language of Scotland

That seems clear enough;

let’s look at some definitions for Scotch:

(adj.) Scottish

(n.) Scots

That feels a bit ... less clear?

Well, let’s look at some definitions for Scottish;

that will probably clear this whole thing up.

(adj.) of or relating to Scotland or its people

(n.) Scots

So each one of these words may be defined (as an adjective)

as “of or relating to Scotland or its people,”

and each one may also be defined (as a noun)

as “the Scots language.” There is a reason for all this.

There is a considerable body of evidence

of each showing of these three words being usedin a variety of senses

over the last few centuries.

In other words, enough people have used all three words

with each of these senses intended

that we are compelled to offer the same set of definitions

(among others) for each of them.

However, evidence suggests that certain uses are more common in Scotland

than North America,

so if the preferred usage of the Scottish people

is what you need to knowfor your Burns Supper, here it is:

Scots is most often used to refer to

the dialect of English found in Scotland

(although, once again, some feel that it instead is a Germanic language

which is related to, but distinct from, English).

Scotch is generally used in compounds

(such as Scotch pine or Scotch whisky), and set phrases.

Scottish is the preferred adjective;

in cases where you are referring to the literature, character,

or ancestry of the people of Scotland,

it is generally correct to describe them as Scottish.

If you still would like a short mnemonic

to aid you in understanding the difference

between these words

you can use the following:

If you do not speak Scots,

you may ask your Scottish hostfor a drink of Scotch whisky.

Dictionary of Problem Words and Expression

Scotch – scot – Scotsman

Scotch is commonly used to refer to

(1) the people of Scotland, but this application is correctly used only

with a precedingthe (the Scotch, the Scotch people);

(2) whiskey distilled in Scotlandfrom malted barley;

(3) any of several English dialectsspoken in Scotland.

Scot, Scotsman and Scotsmenare the terms preferred in Scotland;

Scotchman is considered incorrect and offensivethere.

Scots and the Scotch are widely used plural forms.

Scot is not an adjective;

Scottish and Scots are preferredadjectives,

 but Scotchis entrenched in such terms

As “Scotch Whiskey” and “Scotchbroth.”