2020-11-04 ศัพท์ น่าสับสน ชุด M – Medium – media – medias - psychic
2020-11-04
ศัพท์ น่าสับสน ชุด M – Medium – media – medias - psychic
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ความหมาย อาจยืดหยุ่น ขึ้นอยู่กับ ตำแหน่ง/หน้าที่ ในประโยค
Dictionary.com
ออกเสียง medium = ‘MEE-dee-uhm’
ออกเสียง Media = ‘MEE-dee-uh’
ออกเสียง meddle = ‘MED-l’
ออกเสียง psychic = ‘SAHY-kik’
Dictionary.com
USAGE NOTE FOR MEDIA
Media, like data, is the plural form of a word borrowed directly from Latin. The singular, medium,
early developed the meaning “an intervening agency, means, or instrument”
and was first applied to newspapers two centuries ago.
In the 1920s media began to appear as a singular collective noun, sometimes with the plural medias.
This singular use is now common in the fields of mass communication and advertising, but it is not frequently foundoutside them:
The media is (or are ) not antibusiness.
BRITISH DICTIONARY DEFINITIONS FOR MEDIA
USAGE FOR MEDIA
When media refers to the mass media,
it is sometimes treated as a singular form,
as in: the media has shown great interest in these events.
Many people think this use is incorrect
and that media should always be treatedas a plural form:
the media have shown great interest in these events
Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Is media singular or plural?: Usage Guide
Noun (1)
The singular media and its plural medias
seem to have originated in the field of advertising over 70 years ago;
they are still so used without stigma in that specialized field.
In most other applications media is used as a plural of medium.
The popularity of the word in references tothe agencies of mass communication is leading to the formation of a mass noun,
construed as a singular. there's no basis for it.
You know, the news media gets on to something — Edwin Meese 3d the media is less interested in the party's policies — James Lewis, Guardian Weekly This use is not as well established as the mass-noun use of data and is likely to incur criticism especially in writing.
Random House Kernerman Webster's College Dictionary,
usage:
media, like data, is the plural form of a word borrowed directly from Latin. The singular, medium, early developed the meaning “an intervening agency, means, etc.,” and was first applied to newspapers two centuries ago. In the 1920s media began to appear as a singular collective noun: The media is reporting on the debates.
This singular, though often criticized, is now common.
(Communications & Information) of or relating to the mass media:
media hype.
Usage: When media refers tothe mass media,
it is sometimes treated as a singular form,
as in: the media has shown great interest in these events.
Many people think this use is incorrect
and that media should always be treated as a plural form:
the media have shown great interest in these events
Common Errors In English Usage Dictionary
There are several words with Latin or Greek roots
whose plural forms ending in A
are constantly mistaken for singular ones.
See, for instance, criteria and data.
Radio is a broadcast medium.
Television is another broadcast medium.
Newspapers are a print medium.
Together they are media.
Following the tendency of Americans to abbreviate phrases,
with “transistor radio” becoming “transistor,” (now fortunately obsolete) and “videotape” becoming “video,”
“news media” and “communications media”
have been abbreviated to “media.”
Remember that watercolor on paper and oil on black velvet are also media, though they have nothing to do with the news.
When you want to get a message from your late Uncle Fred, you may consult a medium.
The word means a vehicle between some source of information and the recipient of it.
The “media” are the transmitters of the news; they are not the news itself.
Collins COBUILD English Usage
media
Media is a noun, and it is also a plural form of another noun, medium.
1. 'the media'
You can refer to television, radio, and newspapers as the media.
She refused to talk to the media.
It is usually regarded as correct to use a plural form of a verb with the media, but people often use a singular form.
The media are very powerful in influencing opinions.
The media was full of stories about the singer and her husband.
You can use a singular or plural form inconversation and in less formal writing, but you should use a plural form in formal writing.
2. 'medium'
A medium is a way of expressing your ideas or communicating with people.
The plural of medium is either mediums or media.
She is an artist who uses various mediums including photography and sculpture.
They advertise through a range of different media – radio, billboards, and the internet.
Dictionary of Problem Words and Expression
Medium – media – medias
These words refer to an agency, means, method, or instrument
by which information and advertising may be madepublic.
Such agencies and means include principally newspapers, magazines, radio and television broadcasting, the films.
The singular is medium:
“Television is an important medium for national advertisers.”
The plural is medium and media:
“In this campaign, the congressman used such media (of mediums)
as spot announcements on radio and television and paid newspaper advertisements.”
It is nonstandard to refer to “a mass mediasuch as television.”
Medium means “one method of mass communication.”
Media (or mediums) means “more than one method.”
Medias is an incorrect plural.
Dictionary.com
“Psychic” vs. “Medium”: Are These Synonyms?
Some people seem to be born with a special intuition
to always know things before they happen.
Others have a special gift allowing them to see ghosts or talk to the dead.
But are people with these unique talents psychics or mediums?
And can the words psychic and medium be interchanged?
The answer is sometimes;
psychic and medium aren’talways synonyms,
and despite both having a spooky or supernatural connotation,
they have distinct meanings as adjectives but notnouns.
What does psychic mean?
As an adjective, psychic means“of or relating to the human soul or mind,” or something mental as opposedto physical.
It’s also defined in psychology as “pertaining to or noting mental phenomena,”
which describes being in tune to some nonphysical force or agency.
For example,
Having heard that colors can provoke a psychic response, I decided to paint the room a calming blue.
Psychic can also mean“sensitive to influences or forces of a nonphysical or supernatural nature.”
So if someone or something is influenced by a mysterious force that’s outside physical science or knowledge,
it’s a psychic influence.
For example, it was a psychic feeling that led him to run out of the building right before a fire started.
As an adjective, some synonyms for psychic
are spiritual, supernatural, paranormal, psychological, and metaphysical.
As a noun, psychic refers to“a person who is sensitive to psychic influences or forces.”
For example, since she was a little girl, John’s grandmother has sworn she’s a psychic and can tell when something bad will happen.
In addition to medium, othersynonyms for psychic
as a noun include clairvoyant, fortune-teller, and prophet.
First recorded in 1855–60, psychic originates from the Greek word psȳchikós, meaning “of the soul.”
What does medium mean?
If you’re a psychic, you probably
already know that next up we’re going to
talk about medium and the different meanings
it has depending on which part of speech it is.
Medium as an adjective is
defined as “about halfway between extremes, as of degree, amount, quality, position, or size.”
For example, she has sensitive skin so instead of showering with hot water, she can only handle it at medium temperature.
Synonyms for medium in this sense include average and intermediate.
As a noun, medium has a few different distinct meanings
including: “a middle state or condition,”
“the material or technique with which an artist works,”
or “one of the means or channels of general communication, information, or entertainment in society, as newspapers, radio, or television.”
However, similar to psychic,
medium can also mean “a person through whom the spirits of the dead are alleged to be able to contact the living.”
For example: After her mother died suddenly, Lucy went to a medium to connect with her mom’s spirit and communicate one last time.
Synonyms for medium as a noun in this sense of being able to contact the dead include spiritualist, clairvoyant, mind reader, and fortune-teller.
Medium originates from the Latin word medius (“middle”)
and was first seen in English between 1575–85.
How to use each word
Thanks to their vastly different meanings as adjectives
(“referring to the mind in a psychological sense” vs. “the middle of something”),
medium and psychic only overlap as nouns.
Although they are closely related in the realm of supernatural capabilities, stick to psychic if you’re referring to a person who is sensitive to parapsychological forces or influences.
For example: As a psychic, Aunt Sally can’t explain how she knew I’d have two little girls one day, but she called it when I was just a child myself.
But if Aunt Sally predicted this because the dead told her so while she was acting as an intermediary between the deceased and the living, then she’s a medium.
Remember, the definition for medium
specifically mentions the ability to communicate with “spirits of the dead.” (This is a distinction mediums and psychics take seriously.)
For example, Aunt Sally silences her skeptics and proves she’s a medium every time she walks into a house and communicates with spirits that nobody else can see.
However, if we aren’t specific about Aunt Sally’s skills, and whether or she is a channeler or spiritist based on the scope of her abilities,
then either medium or psychic work:
Aunt Sally has spent her entire life dealing with skeptics who question her work as a medium (or psychic).
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