2020-10-13 ศัพท์ น่าสับสน ชุด H – Hyphenation

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2020-10-13 

151226-3 ศัพท์ น่าสับสน ชุด H – Hyphenation

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ความหมาย อาจยืดหยุ่น ขึ้นอยู่กับ ตำแหน่ง/หน้าที่ ในประโยค

Dictionary.com

ออกเสียง Hyphenation = verb= ‘HAHY-fuh-neyt’ – adj.& noun = ‘HAHY-fuh-nit’

Common Errors in English Usage Dictionary

The Chicago Manual of Style contains a huge chart listing various sorts of phrases that are or are not to be hyphenated.

Consult such a reference source for a thorough-going account of this matter, but you may be able to get by with a few basic rules.

An adverb/adjective combination

in which the adverb ends in “-LY” is never hyphenated:

“His necktie reflected his generally grotesque taste.”

Other sorts of adverbs are followed by a hyphen

when combined with an adjective:

“His longsuffering wife finally snapped and fed it through the office shredder.”

The point here is that “long” modifies “suffering,”not “wife.”

When both words modify the same noun, they are not hyphenated.

A “light-green suitcase” is pale in color, but a “light green suitcase” is not heavy.

In the latter example “light” and “green” both modify “suitcase,” so no hyphen is used.

Adjectives combined with nouns having an “-ED” suffix are hyphenated:

“Frank was a hot-headed cop.”

Hyphenate ages when they are adjective phrases involving a unit of measurement:

“Her ten-year-old car is beginning to give her trouble.”

A girl can be a “ten-year-old” (“child” is implied).

But there are no hyphens in such an adjectival phrase as “Her car is ten years old.”

In fact, hyphens are generally omitted when such phrases follow the noun they modify except in phrases involving“all” or “self”

such as “all-knowing” or “self-confident.”

Fractions are almost always hyphenated when they are adjectives:

“He is one-quarter Irish and three-quarters Nigerian.”

But when the numerator is already hyphenated, the fraction itself is not,

as in “ninety-nine and forty-four one hundredths.”

Fractions treated as nouns are not hyphenated: “He ate one quarter of the turkey."

A phrase composed of a noun and a present participle (“-ing” word) must be hyphenated:

“The antenna had been climbed by thrill-seeking teenagers who didn’t realize the top of it was electrified.”

These are the main cases in which people are prone to misuse hyphens.

If you can master them, you will have eliminated the vast majority of such mistakes in your writing.

Some styles call for space around dashes (a practice of which I strongly disapprove), but it is never proper to surround hyphens with spaces,

though in the following sort of pattern you may need tofollow a hyphen with a space: “Follow standard pre- and post-operative procedures.”

Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Did You Know?

Noun

In the early 20th century, the noun

hyphenate referred to a resident or citizen of the U.S.

whose recent foreign national origin caused others to question his or her patriotic loyalties

- with or without there being just cause for that questioning.

These hyphenates - the Irish-Americans, German-Americans, and others - were objects of suspicion.

The hyphenates we're highlighting today are more often objects of admiration.

Since around 1974, we've been referring to people with hyphens in their titles - producer-directors, for example, as hyphenates.