2020-10-03 ศัพท์ ที่มักสับสน ชุด G – get

Revision G

2020-10-03

151213- ศัพท์ ที่มักสับสน ชุด G – get

การใช้ภาษาอังกฤษ ที่ถือว่า ถูกต้อง ในที่นี้ เป็นไป ตามมาตรฐาน ของภาษา

การใช้ภาษาอังกฤษ ไม่กำหนดมาตฐาน ถือตามส่วนใหญ่ที่ใช้แต่ละท้องถิ่น

ความหมาย อาจยืดหยุ่น ขึ้นอยู่กับ ตำแหน่ง/หน้าที่ ในประโยค

Dictionary.com

SYNONYM STUDY FOR GET

Get, obtain, acquire, procure, secure

imply gaining possession of something.

Get may apply to coming into possession in any manner, and either voluntarily or not.

Obtain suggests putting forth effort to gain possession, and acquire stresses the possessing after an (often prolonged) effort.

Procure suggests the method of obtaining, as that of search or choice.

Secure, considered in bad tasteas a would-be-elegant substitute for get, is, however, when used with discrimination, a perfectly proper word. It suggests making possession sure and safe, after obtaining something by competition or the like.

Dictionary.com

USAGE NOTE FOR GET

For nearly 400 years, forms of get have been used with a following past participle to form the passive voice: She got engaged when she was 19. He won't get accepted with those grades.

This use of get rather than of forms of to be in the passive is found today chiefly in speech and informal writing.
In British English got is the regular past participleof get,

and gotten survives only in a few set phrases, such as ill-gotten gains.

In AmericanEnglish gotten, although occasionally criticized, is an alternative standard past participle in most senses, especially in the senses “to receive” or “to acquire”: I have gotten (or got ) all that I ever hoped for.
Have or has got in the sense “must” has been in usesince the early 19th century; often the have or has is contracted: You've got to carry your passport at all times.

The use of have (or has ) got in the sense of “to possess” goes back to the 15th century; it is also frequently contracted: She's got a master's degree in biology.

These uses are occasionally criticized as redundant on the grounds that have alone expresses the meaning adequately, but they are well established and fully standard in all varieties of speech and writing.

In some contexts in AmericanEnglish, substituting gotten for got produces a change in meaning: She's got (possesses) a new job. She's gotten (has acquired) a new job. He's got to (must) attend the wedding. He's gotten to (has been allowed or enabled to) attend. The children have got (are suffering from) the measles. The children have gotten (have caught) the measles.

The use of got without have or has to mean “must” ( I got to buy a new suit ) is characteristicof the most relaxed, informal speech and does not occur in edited writing except in representations of speech.

Gotta is a pronunciation spelling representing this use.

Dictionary.com

PRONUNCIATION NOTE FOR GET

The pronunciation [git] for get has existed since the 16th century.

The same change is exhibited in [kin] for can and [yit] for yet.

The pronunciation [git] is not regional and occurs in all parts of the country. It is most common as an unstressed syllable: Let's get going! [letsgit-goh-ing].

In educated speech the pronunciation [git] in stressed syllables is rare and sometimes criticized.

When get is an imperative meaning “leave immediately,” the pronunciation is usually facetious: Now get! [nou git].

BRITISH DICTIONARY DEFINITIONS

USAGE FOR GET

The use of off after get as in I got this chair off an antique dealer is acceptable in conversation, but should not be used in formal writing

Merriam-Webster Dictionary

Usage Guide

How do you pronounce get?:

Verb

The pronunciation \ˈgit\ has been noted as a feature of some British and American dialects since the 16th century. In the phonetic spelling of his own speech Benjamin Franklin records git.

However, since at least 1687 some grammarians and teachers have disapproved this pronunciation.

It nonetheless remains in widespread and unpredictable use in many dialects, often, but not exclusively, when get is a passive auxiliary (as in get married) or an imperative (as in get up!).

American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language

get′a·ble, get′ta·ble adj.

Usage Note: The use of get in the passive, as in We got sunburned at the beach, is generally avoided in formal writing.

In less formal contexts, however, the construction can provide a useful difference in tone or emphasis, as between the sentences The demonstrators were arrested and The demonstrators got arrested.

The first example implies that the responsibility for the arrests rests primarily with the police, while the example using get implies that the demonstrators deliberately provoked the arrests.

In colloquial use and in numerous nonstandard varieties of American English, the past tense form got has the meaning of the present.

This arose probably by dropping the helping verb have from the past perfects have got, has got. We've got to go, we've got a lot of problems became We got to go, we got a lot of problems.

The reanalysis of got as a present-tense form has led to the creation of a third-person singular gots in some varieties of English.

Random House Kernerman Webster's College Dictionary,

get′ta•ble, get′a•ble, adj.

usage: The use of get rather than of forms of to be in the passive (He won't get accepted with those grades) is found today chiefly in informal speech and writing.

In American English gotten, although occasionally criticized, is an alternative standard past participle in most senses, esp. “to receive” and “to acquire”: I have gotten (or got) a dozen replies so far. have or has got meaning “must” has been in use since the early 19th century, often contracted: You've got to carry your passport everywhere.

In the sense “to possess” this construction dates to the 15th century and is also often contracted: She's got a master's degree in biology.

Occasionally condemned as redundant, these uses are nevertheless standard in all varieties of speech and writing.

got without have or has meaning “must”

(I got to buy a new suit) is characteristic of highly informal speech.

gotta is a pronunciation spelling representing this use.

pron: The pronunciation (git) for get has existed since the 16th century. The same change is exhibited in (kin) for can and (yit) for yet.

The pronunciation (git) is not regional and occurs in all parts of the country.

It is most common as an unstressed syllable: Let's get going! (lets′ git gō′ing).

In educated speech the pronunciation (git) in stressed syllables is rare and sometimes criticized.

When get is an imperative meaning “leave immediately,” the pronunciation is usu. facetious: Now get! (nou` git′).

Dictionary of Problem Words and Expression

Get

This word of many meanings has a primary one: “to obtain” “to come into possession of.”

It has numerous informal, idiomatic, or slangy meaning and appears in several hackneyed expressions.

Among informal meaning of Get and Got (the past tense of get) are “to comprehend” (I don’t get you); “to get the advantage of” (Overeating will get him); “to be forced or obliged (I have got to leave soon); “to strike or hit” (The bullet got him in the arm).

Among slangy or trite uses may be mentioned “to puzzle” (that remark got me); “to observe” (Did you get that look?); and “get about” “get ahead of” “get across” “get along” “get around” “get around to” “get away with” “get back at” “get by” “get down to business” “get nowhere” “get something off one’s chest” “get out of” “get together” “get through to some-one” “get up and go.”

Do you get the idea that get is overused?