2020-10-01 คำชวนสับสน ชุด F - former & latter

Revision F

2020-10-01

151211-2 คำชวนสับสน ชุด F - former & latter

การใช้ภาษาอังกฤษ ที่ถือว่า ถูกต้อง ในที่นี้ เป็นไป ตามมาตรฐาน ของภาษา

การใช้ภาษาอังกฤษ ไม่กำหนดมาตฐาน ถือตามส่วนใหญ่ที่ใช้แต่ละท้องถิ่น

ความหมาย อาจยืดหยุ่น ขึ้นอยู่กับ ตำแหน่ง/หน้าที่ ในประโยค

Dictionary.com

ออกเสียง “former” = ‘FAWR-mer’

ออกเสียง “latter” = “LAT-er’

British Dictionary

USAGE FOR LATTER

The latter should only be used to refer to the second of two items: many people choose to go by hovercraft rather than use the ferry, but I prefer the latter.

The last of three or more items can be referred to as the last-named

Merriam-Webster Dictionary

Choose the Right Synonym for former

Adjective

PRECEDING, ANTECEDENT, FOREGOING, PREVIOUS, PRIOR, FORMER, ANTERIOR

mean being before.

PRECEDING usually implies being immediately before in time or in place. the preceding sentence

ANTECEDENT applies to order in time and may suggest a causal relation. conditions antecedent to the revolution

FOREGOING applies chiefly to statements. the foregoing remarks

PREVIOUS and PRIOR imply existing or occurring earlier,

but PRIOR often adds an implication of greater importance. a child from a previous marriage a prior obligation

FORMER implies always a definite comparison or contrast with something that is latter. the former name of the company

ANTERIOR applies to position before or ahead of usually in space, sometimes in time or order. the anterior lobe of the brain

Collins COBUILD English Usage

Former – late

1. 'former'

You use former in front of a noun to indicate that the person you are talking about is no longerthe thing referred to by the noun.

For example, the former chairman of a company used to be the chairman, but is not the chairman now.

...former President Gerald Ford.

...William Nickerson, a former Treasury official.

2. 'late'

You use late in front of a name or noun to indicate that the person you are talking about has recently died.

...the late Mr Parkin.

I'd like to talk to you about your late husband.

Collins COBUILD English Usage

Latter – former

The latter should only be used to refer to the second of two things or people which have already beenmentioned.

Given the choice between working for someone else and working for the family business, she'd prefer the latter.

You use the former to talk about the firstof two things already mentioned.

These two firms are in direct competition, with the former trying to cut costs and increase profits.

If you are talking about three or more things or people,

don't use 'the latter' or 'the former'.

Use an expression with the last or the first.

The company has three branches, in Birmingham, Plymouth, and Greenock. The last of these will close next year.

If you are mentioning things for the first time,

don't use 'the former' or 'the latter'.

Use the first or the second.

There will be two matches next week. The first will be in Brighton, and the second in London.