2020-09-17 คำชวนสับสน ชุด E –Envy - covet – desire

Revision E

2020-09-17

181007-3 คำชวนสับสน ชุด E –Envy - covet – desire

การใช้ภาษาอังกฤษ ที่ถือว่า ถูกต้อง ในที่นี้ เป็นไป ตามมาตรฐาน ของภาษา

การใช้ภาษาอังกฤษ ไม่กำหนดมาตฐาน ถือตามส่วนใหญ่ที่ใช้แต่ละท้องถิ่น

ความหมาย อาจยืดหยุ่น ขึ้นอยู่กับ ตำแหน่ง/หน้าที่ ในประโยค

Dictionary.com

ออกเสียง “ENVY” = ‘EN-vee’

ออกเสียง “COVET” = ‘KUHV-it’

ออกเสียง “DESIRE” = ‘ dih-ZAHYUHR’

Dictionary.com

SYNONYM STUDY FOR ENVY

Envy, begrudge, covet

refer to one's attitude toward the possessions or attainments of others.

To envy is to feel resentful and unhappy because someone else possesses, or has achieved, what one wishes oneself to possess, or to have achieved: to envy the wealthy, a woman's beauty, an honest man's reputation.

To begrudge is to be unwilling that another should have the possessions, honors, or credit that person deserves: to begrudge a man a reward for heroism.

To covet is to long jealously to possess what someone else possesses: I covet your silverware.

WORDS OFTEN CONFUSED WITH ENVY

Envy and jealousy are very close in meaning.

Envy denotes a longing to possess something awarded to or achieved by another:

to feel envy when a friend inherits a fortune.

Jealousy, on the other hand, denotes a feeling of resentment that another has gained something that one more rightfully deserves:

to feel jealousy when a coworker receives a promotion. Jealousy also refers to anguish caused by fear of unfaithfulness.

SYNONYM STUDY FOR DESIRE

Desire, craving, longing, yearning

suggest feelings that impel one to the attainment or possession of something.

Desire is a strong feeling, worthy or unworthy, that impels to the attainment or possession of something that is (in reality or imagination) within reach: a desire for success.

Craving implies a deep and imperative wish for something, based on a sense of need and hunger: a craving for food, companionship.

A longing is an intense wish, generally repeated or enduring, for something that is at the moment beyond reach but may be attainable at some future time: a longing to visit Europe.

Yearning suggests persistent, uneasy, and sometimes wistful or tender longing: a yearning for one's native land.

Merriam-Webster Dictionary

Frequently Asked Questions About covet

How does the verb covet differ from other similar words?

Some common synonyms of covet are crave, desire, want, and wish.

While all these words mean "to have a longing for,"

covet implies strong envious desire.

covets his rise to fame

When is crave a more appropriate choice than covet?

The synonyms crave and covet are sometimes interchangeable,

but crave stresses the force of physical appetite or emotional need.

craves sweets

When is it sensible to use desire instead of covet?

The words desire and covet are synonyms, but do differ in nuance.

Specifically, desire stresses the strength of feeling and often implies strong intention or aim.

desires to start a new life

When might want be a better fit than covet?

While the synonyms want and covet are close in meaning, want specifically suggests a felt need or lack.

wants to have a family

When could wish be used to replace covet?

In some situations, the words wish and covet are roughly equivalent.

However, wish sometimes implies a general or transient longing especially for the unattainable.

wishes for permanent world peace

Merriam-Webster Dictionary

Choose the Right Synonym for desire

Verb

DESIRE, WISH, WANT, CRAVE, COVET

mean to have a longing for.

DESIRE stresses the strength of feeling and often implies strong intention or aim. desires to start a new life

WISH sometimes implies a general or transient longing especially for the unattainable. wishes for permanent world peace

WANT specifically suggests a felt need or lack. wants to have a family

CRAVE stresses the force of physical appetite or emotional need. craves sweets

COVET implies strong envious desire. covets his rise to fame

Merriam-Webster Dictionary

Word History

'Desire' and 'Consider':

A History

Consider desire.

In that simple imperative sentence is a lexical duo:

the words consider and desire share a history that points

—perhaps, or maybe not—to the stars.

Consider is a 14th century import to the language that has meant "to think about carefully" since its earliest days. It's taken on other meanings over the years, but its original meaning is still its primary one.

Like desire, it dates to the era known as Middle English, the time when English was taking on many words from Latin thanks to the Anglo-French spoken by the invaders of Norman Conquest fame.

To desire something has, since the 13th century, meant to long or hopefor something.

Over the centuries the verb desire has developed other related meanings as well,

but it's this original meaning that's most often called into service: the lover desires the beloved; the cat desires the mouse.

The noun desire arrived about a century after the verb to occupy the same basic semantic territory.

In its most common use, the noun desire is about the feeling of longing or hoping, or about the thing so longed for: the lover's desire for the beloved; the object of love that is the heart's desire.

The Latin forebears of consider and desire have a stronger family resemblance than their English descendants do.

Consider is from consīderāre, meaning "to observe, think about."

Desire is from dēsīderāre, meaning "to long for, miss, desire."

Both are bipartite, with prefixes that have familiar English analogues:

con- means "with, together, jointly,"

and de- means "from, down, away."

Both word's remaining syllables trace to Latin sīder- or sīdus, which is where things get a bit more complicated.

Sīder- and sīdus have historically been understood to mean "star, constellation,"

with the thinking being that consīderāre and dēsīderāre began as technical terms used especially by those whose business was augury—that is, future-telling through omens and signs—or perhaps seafaring.

Later users of consīderāre and dēsīderāre would likely have been only vaguely aware of the celestial roots of the words, much as modern speakers of English don't think about scrolls of parchment when they talk about scrolling through a social media feed.

But etymology as a science is very much alive, and there is a newer theory: that sīder- and sīdus have an older, non-celestial meaning of "mark, target, goal."

According to this theory, consīderāre would originally have meant something like "to focus on the goal," and dēsīderāre something like "to miss the mark." (Certainly no one can accuse etymologists of being romanticists.)

Scholars don't dismiss the "star, constellation" meaning of sīder- and sīdus.

It's seen clearly in sidereal, meaning "of, relating to, or expressed in relation to stars or constellations," and in that word's near-twin sideral, which functions as a synonym of sidereal and also has an archaic meaning of "emanating from the stars and especially from stars held to be malefic." The obsolete (but nonetheless excellent) siderate means "to blast or strike down (as with lightning)." Its Latin root siderari means "to be struck by a star" or "to be sunstruck."

But consider and desire may have at their etymological cores something more mundane than the heavens, something more suited for a quarterly update than a face upturned in wonder at the night sky. We are, of course, blameless. The fault is in the words themselves, not the stars or the dictionary.

Dictionary of Problem Words and Expressions:

อธิบายว่า ทั้ง “envy” และ “covet” ต่างชี้แนะถึง

การ “resentment” ของ ความมีโชค/สภาพ ของ ผู้อื่น

และต้องการได้ สภาพ/สถานการณ์ นั้น เป็นของตน

ส่วน “desire” เป็นคำที่ “ให้น้ำหนัก” น้อยกว่า

ทั้ง “envy” หรือ “covet”

ในเมื่อ “desire” เป็น การแสดง “wishing” หรือ “longing for”

โดย “ไม่จำเป็นต้อง” แสดงนัยของ “spite” หรือ “malice”

หรือ “resentment” ต่อสิ่งที่เป็นของผู้อื่น

โดยที่ “envy” มีความหมายที่ “กว้างขวาง” กว่า ทั้ง สามคำนั้น

เนื่องจากเป็น “การรวมทั้ง ‘ความต้องการและความประสงค์ร้าย’” เช่น

“This is a prize which everyone in the club should covet.”

“He desire a good reputation more than fame or money.”