2022-02-07
ศัพท์ น่าสับสน - Set – D - different from & different than & different to
แนะนำการใช้ ตามที่ส่วนใหญ่ใช้ แต่ละท้องถิ่น
ความหมาย อาจผันแปร ตาม ตำแหน่ง/หน้าที่ ในประโยค
Dictionary.com:
ออกเสียง different = “DIF-er-uhnt” or “DIF-ruhnt”
Dictionary of Problem Words and Expressions:
different from & different than & different to
The first two of these expressions are widely used,
butdifferent from is preferred
by careful, educated writers and speakers:
“This specimen is different from (not than) that.”
Unfortunately, but correctly,
different from often leads to extra words
becausethan is a convenient shortcut for from that which.
Even so, say different from rather than different than
until widespread usage sanctions the latter term.
Different to appears more often in British than in American usage.
Common Errors in English Usage Dictionary:
Americans say “Scuba-diving is different from snorkeling,”
the British sometimes say “different to”
and those who don’t know any better say “different than.”
However, though conservatives object,
you can usually get away with “different than”
if a full clause follows:
“Your pashmina shawl looks different than it used to since the cat slept on it.”
The A-Z of Correct English Common Errors in English Dictionary:
different from/to/than
‘Differentfrom’ and ‘different to’
are now both considered acceptable forms.
My tastes are DIFFERENT FROM yours.
My tastes are DIFFERENT TO yours.
Conservative users would, however,
much prefer the preposition ‘from’
and this is widely used in formal contexts.
‘Different than’ is acceptable in American English
but is not yet fully acceptable in British English.
Dictionary.com: & Merriam-Webster Dictionary:
Is it different than or different from?:
Usage Guide
Adjective
Numerous commentators have condemned different than
in spite of its use since the 17th century
by many of the best-known names in English literature.
It is nevertheless standard and is even recommended in many handbooks
when followed by a clause,
because insisting on from in such instances
often produces clumsy or wordy formulations.
Different from, the generally safe choice,
is more common especially when it is followed
by a noun or pronoun.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary:
Usage Notes
Should It Be 'Different from' or 'Different than'?
Or is it 'Different to'?
A considerable amount of ink and pixels
have been shed over the past several hundred years,
in a valiant attempt to force the English-speaking people
to choose the correct word to use immediately after different.
From is the word most of the usage guides want you to use,
especially in the US,
so if that’s all you wanted to know
you can leave this article now,
untroubled by information on semi-literate 18th-century grammarians
and the mysterious mating habits of the comparative adjective.
But to the rest of you ... let's go.
There are three common prepositions or conjunctions
used with different: from, than, and to.
Different from is the oldest of these,
showing evidence of use back to the 15th century.
However, different to and different than are hardly recent additions
to our language, having also been in use for hundreds of years.
Given that from, than, and to
all seemed to be used in conjunction with different
without causing the world to crack,
why is it that
we are so often told that we should stick with different from?
Enter Robert Baker.
Baker was the author of the 1770 work,
Reflections on the English Language,
and the possessor of a rather curious range of qualifications
for the work of
‘deciding what is right and what is wrong with our language.’
Some of his qualifications and attributes,
as given in the introduction to this book, are as follows:
In spite of these (and numerous other) obstacles,
Baker managed to write his book; contained in which
is our first record of anyone complaining about different than.
We may credit Baker for having introduced the notion
That one should avoid different than,
but only due to the fact that he was the first to introduce it;
there does not appear to have been any widespread adoption
(or mention of any sort) of his rule over the next hundred years or so.
Near the end of the 19th century grammarians once again
decided that one should only use from after different,
in spite of the fact that than and to,
while in minority use, still appeared in the writing of many fine authors.
This round of grammarians had a better articulated reason
than Baker had for why to eschew than,
which is that this word should only be used following a comparative adjective
(one that permits an increase in the quality, quantity, or relation,
as in "I am sillier than you").
Not everyone agrees that different is not a comparative adjective,
but even if it isn’t we can make it function as one
by adding the words more or less before it.
In such cases it sounds normal to use different than;
Charles Darwin uses each of these forms in 1859:
Different than is also considered acceptable
when introducing clauses,
or when the use of from would sound awkward
(“I had a different experience than you did”).
In current use from is still the word most frequently used,
although it is not at all difficult
to find instances of different than in published and edited prose.
Should you need a guide for your differents
that doesn’t have quite so much 18th century, here it is.
If you don’t give a fig for what nitpickers think about your language use,
proceed with different than or different from depending on how you
feel.
If you give a fig, or part of a fig,
use different from, except when beginning a clause,
or when to do so would sound terrible.
If you are British, or would like people
to think that you spent enough time in the United Kingdom
for it to have influenced your approach to language,
use different to whenever you feel like it.
Collins COBUILD English Usage:
differently adv
differentness n
Usage:
The constructions different from, different to, and different than
are all found in the works of writers of English during the past.
Nowadays, however,
the most widely acceptable preposition to use after different is from.
Different to is common in British English,
but is considered by some people to be incorrect, or less acceptable.
Different than is a standard construction in American English,
and has the advantage of conciseness
when a clause or phrase follows,
as in this result is only slightly different than in the US.
As, however,
this idiom is not regarded as totally acceptable in British usage,
it is preferable either to use different from:
this result is only slightly different from that obtained in the US
or to rephrase the sentence:
this result differs only slightly from that in the US
American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language:
dif′fer·ent·ly adv.
dif′fer·ent·ness n.
Usage Note:
The phrases different from and different than are
both common in British and American English.
The British also use the construction different to.
Since the 18th century,
language critics have singled out different than as incorrect
when used before nouns and noun phrases,
though it is well attested in the works of reputable writers.
Traditionally, from is used when the comparison is
between two persons or things:
My book is different from [not than] yours.
Note that
noun phrases, including ones that have clauses in them,
also fall into this category:
The campus is different from the way it was the last time you were here.
The Usage Panel is divided on the acceptability
of different than with nouns and noun phrases,
with a majority finding several of these constructions unacceptable.
In our 2004 survey, 57 percent rejected
the use of different than with a gerund in the sentence
Caring for children with disabilities in a regular child-care setting
is not new and, in many cases, is not particularly different
than caring for other children.
Roughly the same percentage (55) disapproved of the construction
with a noun phrase containing a clause in
The new kid felt that the coach's treatment of him was different than
that of the other players who were on the team last year.
Some 60 percent rejected the sentence
New York seemed very different than Rome,
where they'd been on good terms.
There should be no complaint, however,
when the object of comparison is expressed by a full clause:
The campus is different than it was twenty years ago.
Random House Kernerman Webster's College Dictionary:
dif′fer•ent•ly, adv.
dif′fer•ent•ness, n.
usage:
Although it is frequently claimed that
different should be followed only by from, not by than,
in actual usage both words have occurred for at least 300 years
and are standard in all varieties of spoken and written American English.
From is more common today in introducing a phrase,
but than is also used:
New York speech is different from (or than) that of Chicago.
Than is usually used to introduce a clause:
The stream followed a different course than the map showed.
In sentences of this type,
when from is used instead of than, more words are necessary:
a different course from the one the map showed.
In British English to frequently follows different:
The early sketches are very different to the later ones.
different in the sense “unusual” is well established in all
but the most formal American English:
The décor in this theater is really different.
