2022-02-01
ศัพท์ น่าสับสน - Set – D – damped & dampened
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Dictionary.com:
ออกเสียง damp = “DAMP”
ออกเสียง dampen = “DAM-puhn”
Common Errors in English Usage Dictionary
damped & dampened
When the vibration of a wheel is reduced it is damped,
but when you drive through a puddle your tire is dampened.
“Dampened” always has to do with wetting, if only metaphorically:
“The announcement that Bob’s parents were staying home after all dampened the spirits of the party-goers.”
The parents are being a wet blanket.
Dictionary.com:
SYNONYM STUDY FOR DAMP
Damp, humid, moist
mean slightly wet.
Damp usually implies slight and extraneous wetness,
generally undesirable or unpleasant unless the result of intention:
a damp cellar; to put a damp cloth on a patient's forehead.
Humid is applied to unpleasant dampness in the air:
The air is oppressively humid today.
Moist denotes something that is slightly wet, naturally or properly:
moist ground; moist leather.
Dictionary.com:
Choose the Right Synonym for damp
Adjective
Wet, Damp, Dank, Moist, Humid
mean covered or more or less soaked with liquid.
Wet usually implies saturation but may suggest a covering of a surface with water or something (such as paint) not yet dry.
slipped on the wet pavement
Damp implies a slight or moderate absorption and often connotes an unpleasant degree of moisture.
clothes will mildew if stored in a damp place
Dank implies a more distinctly disagreeable or unwholesome dampness.
a prisoner in a cold, dank cell
Moist applies to what is slightly damp or not felt as dry.
treat the injury with moist heat
Humid applies to the presence of much water vapor in the air.
a hot, humid climate
Merriam-Webster Dictionary:
Usage Notes
Is It 'Damp Down' or 'Tamp Down'?
English is full of tricky near homophones,
and some love nothing more than to catch others using them incorrectly.
But since this is English we're talking about,
it's not always as cut and dried as most of us think.
Enter tamp down and damp down.
Like hone in and home in,
the history of tamp down and damp down is a bit convoluted.
The older verb is damp, dating in written use back to the 1300s.
Contrary to what one would think,
its earliest meanings were not literal, but figurative:
damp was used first to describe choking someone
(as if with noxious gas),
and then later for stifling or deadening something:
In time, dampen became the verb that was more often used literally,
and damp continued its figurative tromp through English
for several hundred more years.
Tamp as averb first showed up in written English in the early 1800s.
It was used specifically in mining to refer to both
putting an explosive charge into a bore-hole,
and to packing the bore-hole with clay or earth
before detonating the charge.
By the mid-1800s, tamp was being used more generally,
and more and more often accompanied by down:
Around the same time, however,
the verb damp was picking up another figurative use
that referred to depressing or reducing something
—and that sense of damp was also often used with down:
For the rest of the 19th century,
damp down was the phrase used to refer to
dulling or lessening the effects of something,
and tamp down was the phrase used to refer to
physically packing or pressing something (like dirt).
That state of affairs didn't start to change until the mid-20th century:
Tamp down was used here to refer to
subduing a group of people by force,
but under the influence of the figurative damp down,
tamp down began to also refer to lessening or reducing something:
Tamp down began to see an increase in use around this time,
and damp down saw a decrease.
Tamp down is now used both
literally ("tamping down the dirt around the pitcher's mound")
and figuratively ("tamping down rumors of staff cuts").
Damp down still appears in print with its
extended "lessen or stifle" meaning,
but it's now unfamiliar enough
that many people assume it's an eggcorn for tamp down
and therefore mark it somehow as not-quite-normal:
We're very sorry if this information
tamps down your annoyance at damp down. Or vice versa
