2022-01-20
ศัพท์ น่าสับสน - Set – C – collaborate & corroborate
แนะนำการใช้ ตามที่ส่วนใหญ่ใช้ แต่ละท้องถิ่น
ความหมาย อาจผันแปร ตาม ตำแหน่ง/หน้าที่ ในประโยค
Dictionary.com:
ออกเสียง collaborate = kuh-lab-uh-reyt
ออกเสียง Corroborate = verb kuh-rob-uh-reyt; adjective kuh-rob-er-it
Dictionary.com:
MORE ABOUT COLLABORATE
What does collaborate mean?
Collaborate means to work together,
especially on a goal or shared project.
Collaborate is often used in a positive context
to refer to two or more parties successfully working together
on professional or artistic projects. It often implies more than just cooperation
When two or more people collaborate,
they often share and develop each other’s ideas.
The act of collaborating is called collaboration.
Such a joint effort can be described with the adjective collaborative. People who collaborate are called collaborators.
Collaborate can also be used in a much more specific way
meaning to cooperate
as a traitor with enemy forces in one’s own country.
This is much less commonly used than its general sense.
Example:
The two musicians, who usually have very different styles, collaborated on the groundbreaking new album.
Where does collaborate come from?
The first records of the word collaborate come from the 1870s.
It derives from the Latin verb collabōrāre.
The prefix col- is a variant of com-, meaning “together.”
At the heart of the word is labor, meaning “work.”
Collaborate can be used in any context
in which people work together: art, business, education
—the collaborative possibilities are endless.
The word is often used to refer to a creative give-and-take,
such as two artists collaborating to paint a mural,
or to professional collaboration,
such as three different departments collaborating on a report.
It’s typically used in the context of some project or goal,
whereas the word cooperate can be used more broadly.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary:
Did you know?
The Latin prefix com-, meaning "with, together, or jointly,"
is a bit of a chameleon
—it has a tricky habit
of changing its appearance depending on what it's next to.
If the word it precedes begins with "l," com- becomes col-.
In the case of collaborate, com- teamed up with laborare ("to labor")
to form Late Latin collaborare ("to labor together").
Colleaque, Collect, and Collide are a few more examples
of the com- to col- transformation.
Other descendants of laborare in English
include elaborate, laboratory, and labor itself.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary:
Usage Notes
collaborate vs. corroborate
Collaborate and corroborate are both verbs.
Collaborate means "to work with another person
or group in order to achieve or do something,"
as in "collaborating on a book about dogs."
Corroborate means "to support or help prove a statement, theory, etc.
by providing information or evidence,"
as in "two witnesses corroborated her story"
and "a theory corroborated by recent studies."
Merriam-Webster Dictionary:
Choose the Right Synonym for corroborate
Confirm, Corroborate, Substantiate, Verify, Authenticate, Validate
mean to attest to the truth or validity of something.
Confirm implies the removing of doubts by an authoritative statement
or indisputable fact.
confirmed the reports
Corroborate suggests the strengthening of
what is already partly established.
witnesses corroborated his story
Substantiate implies the offering of evidence that sustains the contention.
the claims have yet to be substantiated
Verify implies the establishing of correspondence of actual facts
or details with those proposed or guessed at.
all statements of fact in the article have been verified
Authenticate impliesestablishing genuineness
by adducing legal or official documents or expert opinion.
handwriting experts authenticated the diaries
Validate implies establishing validity
by authoritative affirmation or by factual proof.
validated the hypothesis by experiments
Merriam-Webster Dictionary:
Trend Watch
Ford Offers Statements to 'Corroborate' Claims
Lookups rise 2600% after announcement
26 Sep 2018
Corroborate was among our top lookups on September 26th, 2018, following news reports that Christine Blasey Ford,
who has accused Supreme Court nominee
Brett Kavanaugh of attempted rape,
has sworn statements from people
who say that she discussed the incident with them some time ago.
We define corroborate as
“to support with evidence or authority: make more certain.
” The word is Latin in origin, coming into English in the early 16th century from the past participle of corroborare (from com- + robur, “strength”).
Merriam-Webster Dictionary:
Trend Watch
Investigators Corroborate Portions of the Russia Dossier
Lookups for 'dossier' spiked after the news that U.S. investigators had confirmed portions of a dossier on Trump's ties to Russia
10 Feb 2017
Lookups for dossier spiked after U.S. investigators
announced that they could corroborate some of the details
found in a report by a former British intelligence agent.
The corroborated details include
conversations between Russian government officials
and other Russian nationals
which concern Donald Trump’s personal and financial dealings.
dossier means
“a file containing detailed records on a particular person or subject.”
It comes directly from French, where it can mean
“the back of a chair” or “a file or sheaf of papers” as it does in English.
The word appears to be f relatively recent adoption,
with appearances in English prose dating from the 19th century.
Lookups for salacious and corroborate
also increased in the wake of the news.
Corroborate means "to support with evidence or authority;
to make more certain."
Salacious means "appealing to sexual desire or imagination";
Common Errors in English Usage Dictionary:
collaborate & corroborate
People whowork together on a project collaborate
(share their labor);
people who support your testimony as a witness corroborate
(strengthen by confirming) it.
Collins COBUILD English Usage:
Collaborate – co-operate
1. 'collaborate'
When people collaborate on a project,
they work together in order to produce something.
For example,
two writers can collaborate to produce a single piece of writing.
Anthony and I are collaborating on a paper for the conference.
The film was directed by Carl Jones, who collaborated with Rudy de Luca in writing it.
2. 'co-operate'
When people co-operate, they help each other.
...an example of the way in which human beings can co-operate for the common good.
If you co-operate with someone who asks for your help, you help them.
The editors agreed to co-operate.
I couldn't get the RAF to co-operate.
The spelling cooperate is sometimes used,
and is preferred in American English.
They are willing to cooperate in the training of medical personnel.
