2022-01-12
ศัพท์ น่าสับสน - Set – C - centenary & centennial
แนะนำการใช้ ตามที่ส่วนใหญ่ใช้ แต่ละท้องถิ่น
ความหมาย อาจผันแปร ตาม ตำแหน่ง/หน้าที่ ในประโยค
Dictionary.com:
ออกเสียง centenary = “sen-TEN-uh-ree” or “SEN-tn-er-ee;
especially British = sen-TEE-nuh-ree
ออกเสียง centennial = “sen’TEN-ee-uhl”
Dictionary of Problem Words and Expressions
centenary & centennial
As both adjective and noun,
each of these words refer to a period of 100 years,
a hundredth anniversary, or recurring once every100 years.
The words are interchangeable;
the former is more often used in Great Britain than in the United States.
In 1876, the United States celebrated the centennial
of the signing of the Declaration of Independence.”
Merriam-Webster Dictionary:
Did you know?
A centenary, like its cousin centennial, is an anniversary.
Thus, the year 2013 may mark the centenary of a town's founding,
and the year-long calendar of public events that the town sponsors
for the occasion
—that is, the celebration of the anniversary
—can also be calleda centenary.
Individuals have their own centenaries,
which usually celebrate their births;
thus, Gerald Ford's centenary will occur in 2013,
and John Kennedy's in 2017.
And if you live long enough to be a centenarian,
you'll be around to join the celebrations.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary:
Word History
The Difference Between 'Centenary' and 'Centennial'
Two words. One hundred years.
The richness of English vocabulary is partly
due to the historical accident that gave us words
that have similar meanings but different languages of origin.
It’s how we got many synonymous pairs
with one word from Old English roots
and one from Latin roots, like
motherly and maternal,
answer and response, and
begin and commence.
Different words that do share etymological roots
often have subtle differences in usage
that have more to dowith convention than semantics:
we say “historic occasion” but “historical society,”
“antique furniture” but “antiquated technology,”
“enormity of the crime” but “enormousness of space.”
'Centenary' is more popular in British English,
while 'centennial' is preferred in the United States.
There are also pairs of words that evolved
in slightly different directions from a shared root,
such as perspicacious which means “perceptive”
and perspicuous which means “clear, easy to understand,”
two variations on the meaning of their Latin ancestor perspicere ,
which had the meaning “to see through.”
A synonymous pair that derives from the same ancient source
without a difference in meaning is a bit more uncommon,
but that’s exactly (and fairly obviously)
what we find with centenary and centennial, words
that mean “a 100th anniversary or its celebration.”
Both words can be used as adjectives as well as nouns.
They ultimately derive from the Latin word centum
meaning “hundred,” but they took different paths into English.
Centenary is the older word in English,
having derived directly from the Latin word centenarium
in the 15th century.
The English word has had several meanings,
including “a weight of 100 pounds” (a meaning that is now obsolete)
and “a period of 100 years” (a synonym of century that is also obsolete in modern English).
Other uses of centenary referred to specific administrative positions.
It was used to mean “an officer in command of a group of 100 soldiers,” because century could mean “a group of 100 Roman soldiers.”
In this use, centenary was a synonym of the more familiar CENTURIAN.
Similarly,
centenary was used to mean “the governor of a county hundred,”
because hundredwas used to mean
and “a subdivision of some English and American counties.”
Centennial dates only to the 18th century,
and was formed from the Latin word for “one hundred,”
centum, with the -ennial suffix derived from the Latin annus
meaning “year”
and also seen in wordssuch as biennial, millennial, and perennial.
It’s interesting to note that a third variation also exists:
centennium has occasionally been used to mean
both “a period of 100 years”
just as millennium means “a period of 1000 years,”
and “a 100th anniversary,”
but its use is so rare that it is only included
in the historical Oxford English Dictionary.
The use of centenary and centennial
for commemorations of anniversaries is relatively recent:
in his 1755 dictionary, Samuel Johnson only defined centenary
as “the number of a hundred”
as in “a centenary of years,”
and Noah Webster added centennial in 1828
without the “anniversary” meaning:
- Consisting of a hundred years, or completing that term.
- Pertaining to a hundred years.
- Happening every hundred years.
The “anniversary” meaning for both centenary and centennial
dates to the very late 1700s,
and the two words took root differently on both sides of the Atlantic:
centenary is the preferred term in British English and
centennial is more commonly used in the United States.
Centenary is also pronounced differently in British English,
where rather than /sen-TEN-ery/
it is pronounced /sen-TEEN-ery/.
Despite regional differences, centenary and centennial
show nearly equivalent frquency in the Google Books corpus,
but, largely because of the 1976 celebrations, bicentennial is much more frequent than bicentenary.
The younger country seems to make a bigger splash for its birthdays.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary:
Words of the Week for the week of November 29, 2019
'Centennial'
In matters probably unrelated to stomachs,
interest in the word centennial sparked last week
when President Trump signed an act commemorating
the hundredth anniversary of women’s suffrage.
Yesterday, it happened again, when Trump signed
the Women’s Suffrage Centennial Commemorative Coin Act,
which directs the Treasury to issue a commemorative coin
to honor the 100th anniversary of American women
getting the right to vote.
After signing the measure
– which passed both the House and Senate unanimously
– the president decided to take a moment to reflect
on what he considered important: his own awesomeness.
“I am curious why wasn’t it done a long time ago and also, well, I guess the answer to that is because now I am president and we get things done.We get a lot of things done that nobody else got done.”
— Steve Benen, MSNBC (msnbc,com), 26 Nov. 2019
We define centennial as “a 100th anniversary or its celebration,”
an unsurprising meaning,
as the word comes from the Latin centum (“hundred”).
There are a number of English words from Latin
that have strayed from the meaning of their roots;
a dean need not now oversee ten students,
even though the word can be traced to the Latin decanus,
which means “chief of ten.”
It should also be noted that centennial has other meanings
in addition to “a 100th anniversary”;
all of these meanings, however, are concerned with periods of 100 years (“of or relating to a period of 100 years” and “lasting or aged 100 years”).
For those who would like to celebrate something
before a hundred years have passed,
we have the jubilee(50 years),
quinquennial (5 years), and the quadrennial (4 years).
